Zolemba zachinsinsi kwa ana ndi akulu monga njira yothetsera malingaliro

Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, akuluakuluwa adalankhula ndi achinyamata, nkhani zapics, mafanizo osiyanasiyana, ndi zina zotero. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, iwo sakhala chabe njira zosangalatsa komanso zosangalatsa, komanso kusintha kwa zochitika pamoyo, malamulo a makhalidwe ndi maziko omwe apanga pakati pa anthu. Mankhwalawa ndi njira yothandizira.

Thandizo lachinsinsi - ndi chiyani?

Imeneyi ndi njira yomwe imalola kuti munthu akhale ndi luso lokonzekera mwa munthu, kukulitsa chidziwitso, kuphunzira kuyanjana bwino ndi dziko lozungulira ndikugonjetsa mantha amkati ndi zovuta. Zolemba zamakono monga njira ya kukonzekeretsa maganizo zinaphunzitsidwa ndi akatswiri ambiri odziwa maganizo a maganizo - Freud, Zinkevich-Evstigneeva, Lisina, Vachkov, ndi zina. Nkhani ya nthano ndi yofunika kwambiri kwa mwana, chifukwa nkhani yamatsenga yomwe inanenedwa mu nthawi ingakhale ndi zotsatira zofanana ndi uphungu wa maganizo kwa munthu wamkulu.

Zolemba zamakono mu psychology

Kuthetsa nkhani yamatsenga kumathandiza katswiri kuti athetse ntchito zake za tsiku ndi tsiku. Nthendayi yamakono mu psychotherapy sizongoganizira chabe, koma imaphatikizapo kupindula kwa maphunziro, maganizo, psychotherapy, filosofi ndi miyambo ya miyambo yambiri. Mavuto osiyanasiyana omwe ana ndi akuluakulu akukumana nawo - kuzunza, kudzipatula, phobias, mantha, ndi ena, ndizothandizira kukonza chikhalidwe. Udindo wapadera mu chikhumbo cha maganizo umasewera ndi fanizo. Kuchokera kufotokozera molondola, kupambana kwa mankhwalawa kumadalira.

Pa nthawi yomweyi, kwa aliyense kasitomala, mtundu woyenera pa vuto lake wasankhidwa: nkhani yothandizira, nkhani ya chikondi, nthano, nthano, epic, nthano, ndi zina. Pogwira ntchito ndi mwana, palibe chifukwa choyesera chirichonse ndikupeza zowonjezera: ntchitoyo imachitika mosamvetsetseka, msinkhu wamkati. Pachifukwa ichi, katswiri samathetsa zizindikiro za vutoli, koma chifukwa chomwechi ndicho chithandizo chachikulu cha mankhwalawa.

Zolemba zamakono - mitundu ya nthano

Nkhani zimagawidwa m'magulu, mavuto a ana, ndi zina zotero. Mitundu yotsatira ya skazko-treatment imasiyana kwambiri:

• chiphunzitso;
• kusokoneza maganizo;
• psychotherapeutic;
• kusinkhasinkha.

E.D. Zinkevich-Evstigneeva akuphatikizapo mndandanda uwu komanso anthu, zojambula, zolemba za wolemba. Ndi nthano zowoneka bwino, zomwe zamatsenga ndi zozizwitsa zimathandiza kuti chitukuko chauzimu chikhale chitukuko , zinyama zimabweretsa chifundo, ndipo nkhani zosiyanasiyana zoopsya zimathandiza kukonzekera ndikupitirizabe kupirira zowawa za moyo. Ntchito zaluso zimakhala ndi zochitika zonse ndi zochitika za mibadwo yakale, ndipo zolemba za olemba zimathandiza iwo omwe ataya chiyembekezo ndipo sawona njira yothetsera vutoli.

Nkhani zamaganizo

Mitundu yamtundu ngati imeneyi imagwira ntchito zotsatirazi:

1. Lamutsani mwanayo. Kupyolera mwa omva, mwanayo amaphunzira kukhala ndi anthu, amatsatira malamulo ndi makhalidwe omwe amavomereza pakati pa anthu, amatsata zofunikira za makhalidwe.
2. Nkhani zamaganizo kwa akuluakulu zimaphunzitsa udindo, kupirira panthawi ya mavuto, kusamalira ena. Ndipotu, m'nkhani zoterezi, zabwino nthawi zonse zimagonjetsa zoipa, koma protagonist iyenera kugwira ntchito mwakhama kuti choonadi chigonjetse.
3. Iwo ndi chida cha normative - nkhani. Pankhaniyi, womvera amalemba nkhani za moyo wa munthu wina pazolemba zake, zomwe zimapanga chitsanzo choyenera cha khalidwe.
4. Psychotherapy. Kuchiza mankhwala kumathandiza munthu kuchotsa mavuto, phobias ndi mantha .

Nkhani zamaganizo

Nkhanizi zikuwulula tanthauzo lalikulu la zochitikazo, kuthandizira kuyang'ana mkhalidwewo mosiyana. Sikuti nthawi zonse amakhala ndi mapeto osangalatsa, koma tanthauzo limakhala lodziwika komanso lodziwika bwino. Njira zoterezi zapangitsa munthu kuganizira za tanthauzo la moyo, maganizo kwa achibale ndi theka lachiwiri, mavuto a imfa ndi kukhala, ndi zina zotero. Katswiri amagwiritsa ntchito nkhani zoterozo pamene njira zina zamaganizo sizipereka zotsatira. Mwa filosofiyi pa mutu wosankhidwa ndizotheka kukwaniritsa zotsatira zofunikira.

Nkhani Zosintha

Njirayo imamuthandiza mwana kuzindikira vuto lake ndikupeza njira yowonetsera. Pogwiritsa ntchito nkhani, imachokera ku vuto lofanana, koma osati mofanana ndi lomwe lilipo kale. Pa nkhaniyi, chidziwitso chothandizira chimawonekera, chomwe katswiri wamaganizo amamupatsa mwana kuthetsa vuto lake. Anthu omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi nkhani zabodza zomwe akatswiri amagwiritsa ntchito, mukhoza kuyankha kuti m'nkhaniyi protagonist nthawi zonse amakumana ndi vuto lomwelo monga mwanayo. Chotsatira chake, amapeza chisankho choyenera, amakumana ndi mavuto ndipo amaphunzitsa phunziro lake.

Kusinkhasinkha

Zomwe zimatchulidwa kale n'zosavuta kumvetsetsa kuti nkhani zoterozo ndizofanana ndi kusinkhasinkha. Iwo amawerengedwa, kupanga zinthu zina: poyambitsa kuwala, kuphatikizapo nyimbo zoyenera kuti azisangalala ndi kumakhala bwino. Njira iyi ya skazkoterapii imakulolani kuti mumadzidzimitsire muzomwe mukukonzekera chidziwitso chabwino, kuchotsani maganizo-kupsinjika maganizo ndikupanga chitsanzo chabwino cha maubwenzi, kukhazikitsa mphamvu yanu. Mbali yapadera ya nthano yamtundu uwu ndi kuthera kwathunthu kwa magulu oipa ndi mikangano.

Nkhani yodziwika

Mtundu uwu ndi wophweka kwambiri komanso wosagwira ntchito. Kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwira ntchito ndi ana a sukulu komanso ana a sukulu. Njira skazkoterapii mu nkhani iyi, yesetsani cholinga chopatsa mwana chidziwitso chatsopano, chidziwitso kapena luso. Kukonza zotsatira kumathandiza ntchito yaing'ono yomwe mwanayo amachitira kunyumba. Nkhani zamakono zingakonzedwe kwa anthu akuluakulu, mwachitsanzo, kuyankhula za kufunika kodzitchinjiriza. Koma makamaka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyanjana ndi ana, kuthandiza kuphunzila ulemu ndi kulingalira, kuzindikira malamulo a msewu, ndi zina zotero.

Nkhani zamakono akuluakulu

Mungathe kugwira ntchito ndi nthano m'njira zosiyanasiyana:

1. Kambiranani za zomwe zilipo kale.
2. Lembani nkhani yachinsinsi nokha.
3. Kuwonetsa nkhani yolembedwa kale. Izi ndizo, kusewera ngati sewero.
4. Fotokozani zakukhosi kwanu ndi pepala, brush ndi peint.

Thandizo lachinsinsi monga njira ya psychocorrection imapereka chidwi kwambiri ku kulemba, otchedwa kuti makasitomala nkhani. Pachifukwa ichi, nkhaniyo inalembedwa mu magawo atatu:

1. Kutsika . Njira yolenga iyi yapangidwa kuti ikhale bata ndi kumuika munthu kuti alembe nkhani. Katswiri wa zamaganizo angamupatse kusokoneza pang'ono ndikujambula chithunzi, kuchita ntchito kapena kugwira ntchito ndi dongo. Sungani mthandizi ndikuwerenga nkhani yapadera.
2. Kulemba nkhani . Zopereka zamatsenga ndizochindunji kusamutsira pamapepala anu akumverera, malingaliro, zochitika zomwe zafotokozedwa monga mawonekedwe a zamatsenga.
3. Kuwerenga nkhaniyo, mapeto . Panthawi iyi, wofunafuna amawerenga nkhani yake kwa katswiri, ndipo pambuyo pake amamvetsa kuti nkhaniyo ndi yani, zomwe munthuyo akufuna kunena.

Zitsanzo za nthano za akuluakulu:

1. Nkhani Yachimwemwe Choyamba.
2. Nkhani Yachigawo cha Utatu.

Psychology ya wogwidwa ndi skazkoterapiya kwa akuluakulu

Pali malemba ambiri ndi njira zomwe zimagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala achidule monga chithandizo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi malingaliro pa khalidwe la wogwidwa. Chithandizo choterechi cha amayi ndi chodabwitsa. Wolemba wodziwika kwambiri M. Odintsov anamutcha bukhu lake: "Psychology of the victim. Zolemba zamakono akuluakulu ». Mu ntchito yake, akulongosola lingaliro loti "wozunzidwa", akulongosola momwe khalidweli limaperekera mphamvu zake, osaloleza kukula ndi kukula. Cholinga cha chithandizo cha nthano ndicho kuthana ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa maganizo ndi kulowa muyeso watsopano wopanga moyo.

Thandizo lachinsinsi - kudzidalira

Anthu osakhudzidwa sakudziwa zambiri, chifukwa kusatsimikizika ndi kusadziwa. Komabe, mwachindunji mukulamula malamulo a khalidwe ndikunena kuti: "Chitani ichi ndipo chitani", n'kosatheka, chifukwa chidzapangitsa kuti musayambe kulowera. Zochitika zamakono ndi akuluakulu ndi ana ndikulimbikitsa munthu kusintha. Nkhani ya nthano siikakamiza munthu aliyense koma sikuti imamuuza, koma amangopereka njira zosiyanasiyana zothetsera vutoli.

Thandizo lachinsinsi mu bizinesi

Chizoloŵezi cha chithandizo chamatsenga chimabereka zipatso osati mu maphunziro, psychology, koma komanso mu ntchito zamaluso. Pa maphunziro osiyanasiyana ndi masemina, akatswiri amanena ngati nkhani zomwe zimaphunzitsa kuti ziyankhulane ndi anzako ndi abwenzi. Kufunika kwa mankhwala a njuchi kumakhalabe apamwamba, chifukwa ndi chida champhamvu chochita bizinesi. Nkhani zamakono zimasonyeza mfundo zofunikira zogwirizana, zothandizira kumvetsetsa njira zowonongeka, ndi zina. Ndi chithandizo chawo, mutha kupanga gulu ndi gulu lanu, kulimbikitsa katundu wanu kapena ntchito pamsika.

Zolemba zamakono - mabuku

Mabuku otchuka ndi awa:

1. "Fairy Tale Therapy: Kukulitsa Kudziwa Kwake Kudzera M'mavuto a Maganizo" Vachkova . Mabuku ake a chithandizo chamatsenga amapangidwa kwa aphunzitsi, akatswiri a maganizo, ophunzira. Amathandizira kukhala ndi luso lapadera, kuzindikira maloto, kupeza chidziwitso chomwe chingathandize m'moyo.
2. "Nthano ndi nthano" ndi D. Sokolov . Bukhuli linalembedwa ndi wothandizira ndi ntchito ndi wolemba nkhani ndi moyo. Nkhani zouzidwa zimachokera ku malingaliro a maganizo ndi njira zamaganizo, zomwe mlembi wadzigwira yekha. Ambiri mwa iwo adagwiritsidwa ntchito pantchito yeniyeni yokhala ndi odwala.
3. "Nkhani zamaganizo ndi masewera" Chernyaeva . Bukhuli liri ndi nkhani zosangalatsa komanso zoyamikira zomwe zimagwira ntchito. Zitsanzo za ntchito ndi mafotokozedwe a masewera omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito mu mankhwala opatsirana amaperekedwa. Thandizo lachinsinsi lingathandize makolo omwe ali ndi vuto la ana, a psychologists, aphunzitsi, ndi zina zotero.