Mu thupi labwino lomwe lachitidwa ndi matenda a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuyankhidwa kwa chitetezo cha mthupi kumayambitsa. Koma nthawi zina pamakhala vuto, ndipo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timayambitsa matendawa timayambitsa chiwonongeko chachikulu. Chifukwa cha zotsatira za zinthu zakunja komanso zamkati, necrosis (imfa ya ziphuphu) imayamba.
Mafomu ndi mitundu ya necrosis
Akatswiri amasiyanitsa mitundu iŵiri ya necrosis:
- Coagulation necrosis (youma) imachitika pamene mapuloteni a minofu amapangidwa popanda kutuluka kwa magazi ndipo chifukwa cha kutaya kwakukulu kwa madzi. Pachifukwa ichi, malo okhudzidwawo amakhala ndi chikasu chachikasu kapena chamdima. Ziphuphu zimakhala zouma komanso zowopsya, chifuwa chimachitika, chiphuphu chimapangidwa, ndipo pamene chimatsegulidwa, fistula imapangidwa.
- Colliquated necrosis (yonyowa) imadziwika ndi kutupa ndi kuchepetsa minofu yakufa. Chifukwa cha nthendayi, phulusa loyera imayamba ndi kutchulidwa kosavuta.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya necrosis:
- Necrosis ya minofu ya minofu (waxy kapena Zeckerov) imayanjanitsidwa ndi zilonda za mitsempha;
- necrosis ya minofu ya adipose - njira zosasinthika mu minofu ya mafuta;
- necrosis ya minofu yolumikizana;
- Caseous necrosis, kuwonetseredwa kuti madera okhudzidwa ayamba kutha;
- ziphuphu - necrosis za matenda ofewa (kumtunda ndi kumapeto kwenikweni) ndi ziwalo za mkati;
- Kuwopsyeza - necrosis ya minofu yolimba (fupa);
- matenda a mtima omwe amapezeka chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwapakati pa ziwalo zina kapena matenda.
Zizindikiro za minofu ya necrosis
Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zoyambirira za necrosis ndikutaya mtima komanso kufooka. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, khungu m'malo okhudzidwa amawoneka ovuta kwambiri kusiyana ndi mavitamini omwe ali pafupi ndikupeza mawonekedwe a "wonyansa". Mankhwalawa, omwe adayamba nthawi yoyamba ya matenda, amathandiza kuthetsa kusintha kwa matendawa. Panthawi imeneyi ndi kotheka kubwezeretsa magazi. Ngati mankhwalawa sanatengedwe, khungu limakhala lachitsulo, ndipo kenako imatembenuka mofulumira. Zizindikiro zina za necrosis za matenda ofewa a miyendo ndi awa:
- phokoso;
- chotsutsana ;
- trophic ulcers.
Mosasamala kanthu za dera lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi necrosis, kuphwanya kumachitika mu ntchitoyi:
- dongosolo lamanjenje;
- impso;
- chiwindi;
- dongosolo la kupuma.
Izi zikuphatikiza ndi:
- kuchepetsa chitetezo chokwanira;
- Matenda a njira zamagetsi, zomwe zimapangitsa hypovitaminosis ndi kutopa kwathunthu;
- vuto la thanzi, kugwira ntchito mopitirira malire.
Kuchiza kwa minofu ya necrosis
Mankhwala a owuma ndi amchere a necrosis ali ndi kusiyana kwakukulu kosiyanasiyana.
Chithandizo chapafupi ndi coagulation necrosis ndicho kuchita:
1. Ntchito zolepheretsa kufalikira kwa matenda, monga:
- Kuchiza khungu ndi antiseptics pafupi ndi malo okhudzidwa;
- kugwiritsa ntchito zokuvala ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda;
- Kuyanika khungu pamalo omwe ali ndi matenda oledzera a diamondi kapena 5% yothetsera potassium permanganate.
2. Kusakaniza (kusakanikirana ndi zida zosagwiritsidwa ntchito).
3. Kuchiza kwa matenda omwe amachititsa kuti necrosis, kuphatikizapo:
- kubwezeretsa kwa magazi ;
- kusintha kwa magazi;
- kupewa matenda opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki.
Mankhwala ophatikizidwa ndi necrosis kumayambiriro oyambirira amakhala akuyesera kuwapititsa ku mawonekedwe otetezeka, owuma.
Mankhwalawa ndi awa:
- kutsuka ndi 3% hydrogen peroxide yankho;
- kutsegula kwa mafunde, madzi;
- kugwiritsa ntchito mavalidwe opatsirana;
- kuyika kwa gypsum langettes.
Komanso, zotsatirazi:
- machitidwe osokoneza bongo komanso osokoneza ma ARV;
- kusokoneza;
- mankhwala okhudza mtima.
Pakupita patsogolo kwa kutupa komanso kusagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa njira zothandizira odwala, opaleshoni yochotsa matenda osagwiritsidwa ntchito akulimbikitsidwa.