Pa April 20, 2017, malinga ndi chisankho cha Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, bungwe loti "Mboni za Yehova" linkadziwika kuti ndi loopsa, ntchito zake m'derali n'zoletsedwa, ndipo katundu akuyenera kutengedwa.
Gululi ndi bungwe logwirizana ndi lingaliro la mkati. Mamembala ake onse amatsatira malamulo okhwima. Wophunzira wa mpatuko amalephera kulingalira bwino za dziko lapansi ndikutha kuganiza mozama, amakhala chidole m'manja mwa atsogoleri osayenerera komanso achinyengo. Nthawi zina, izi zimabweretsa zotsatira zoipa: kudzipha ndi kupha.
Zina mwa magulu athu omwe takhala tikuwerengera kale sakhalapo, ena akupitilizabe kupambana, kuchotsa miyandamiyanda ya miyoyo ya anthu osweka ....
Zipembedzo zonyenga, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri psyche ya anthu
Mboni za Yehova
Pafupifupi anthu okwana 9 miliyoni amapezeka padziko lonse lapansi. Parishes mu mayiko 240. Zopindula mabiliyoni. Ndipo chiŵerengero chosaŵerengeka cha olumala chimafika. Zonsezi "Mboni za Yehova" ndi bungwe lachipembedzo, lomwe, ngati webusaiti yaikulu, limalowetsa dziko lapansi. Kulankhula za ziphunzitso za mpatuko, chofunika kwambiri ndi ichi: Posachedwa nkhondo yoyera pakati pa Khristu ndi satana idzatha, chifukwa cha anthu onse omwe sakhulupirira Mulungu (kutanthauza kuti anthu omwe sali gulu la bungwe) adzawonongeka, ndipo pa dziko lapansi kwa zaka chikwi padzakhala paradaiso adzalamulira Khristu. A Mboni za Yehova adzakhala m'paradaiso, komanso anthu olungama amene auka kwa akufa.
Ntchito yayikulu ya mamembala a bungwe ndikugawira mabuku achipembedzo, kupezeka pamisonkhano ndi zopereka zofunikira nthawi zonse, nthawi zina zazikulu, zomwe sitingathe kuzipewa. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuthandizana ndi anthu ena sikunali kulandiridwa: nthawi zambiri mamembala a gululi sagwirizana, pamene akulu amayendetsa magalimoto okwera mtengo ndikukonzanso. Pa nthawi yomweyi, amodzi akuopa kuti adzatulutsidwa ndi ukapolo.
Mu bungwe ndi dongosolo lolimba lachikhalidwe. Bwalo loyankhulana lachipembedzo ndiloling'ono kwa abale ndi alongo. "Mboni" zimawononga chiyanjano ndi anthu akunja: amasiya kulankhulana ndi okondedwa awo ndikusiya mabanja awo. N'chilendo kwa a Mboni za Yehova, poletsa achibale awo, kuti atenge katundu wawo yense ku bungwe.
Malingana ndi kafukufuku wambiri, maphunziro achipembedzo ali ndi mavuto aakulu pa chikhalidwe cha anthu odwala. Nthawi zambiri amavutika maganizo, amavutika maganizo komanso ngakhale matenda aakulu. Ndipo chifukwa chakuti amapewa kufunafuna chithandizo chamankhwala, mavutowa ndi ochepa kwambiri. Chiwerengero cha kudzipha pakati pa "mboni" kangapo kuposa anthu omwe sali gulu lachipembedzo. Ana, omwe makolo a Yehova amamatira ku chikhulupiriro chawo, amakula mosiyana ndi anthu ndipo amakhala akapolo a mpatuko wa moyo.
Scientologists
Scientologists ndi gulu lamphamvu kwambiri lachipembedzo lokhala ndi "zilakolako" zazikulu. Malingana ndi akatswiri, phindu la tsiku ndi tsiku la bungwe ndi madola mamiliyoni angapo.
Chipembedzocho chinakhazikitsidwa mu 1953 ndi American Ron Hubbard. Anadza ndi chiphunzitso chovuta komanso chosokoneza, chomwe mwachidule ndi chakuti dziko lapansi lidzawonongedwa, koma mukhoza kupulumutsidwa. Malingana ndi chiphunzitsocho, munthu aliyense ali ndi ntchentche - umoyo wosafa wauzimu kukhala kunja kwa dziko lapansili. Ngati mumaphunzira momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito ndi tepi yanu, chomwe Scientology imaphunzitsa, mungathe kukhala ndi moyo kosatha.
Mosiyana ndi magulu ena omwe amachititsa kuti akhale ofooka, anthu osakhazikika, Scientologists amatsogolera kufunafuna anthu amphamvu ndi moyo wokhudzana ndi moyo (pakati pa otsatira Tom Cruise, John Travolta). Olemba ntchito ali ndi luso lodabwitsa la kusokoneza maganizo, mothandizidwa ndi omwe amathyola umunthu wamphamvu kwambiri. Si zachilendo kwa anthu ogwira ntchito zamalonda kuti akhale osawuka atalowa m'gululi.
Zolemba zapamwamba nthawi zonse "vparivayut" mabuku okwera mtengo ndi maphunziro. Ngati a neophyte alibe ndalama zoti agule, mwachitsanzo, mwayi wa mabuku 14 a Hubbard oposa madola zikwi zingapo, amakulimbikitsani kuti mutenge ngongole kubanki kapena kugulitsa galimoto. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zazikulu za Scientology:
"Iye amene amagawana mosavuta ndi ndalama, amawalandira mosavuta"
Scientologists amadziona kuti ndi apamwamba, ena amalephera. Iwo alibe kwathunthu kukhutira mu lingaliro la dziko. Malingana ndi okhulupirira zaumulungu, mamembala a kagulu kameneka akufunikira kukonzanso kwakukulu kwambiri.
Munites
Chipembedzocho chinakhazikitsidwa m'ma 1950 ndi Koreya yotchedwa San Men Moon. Anadzitcha yekha Mesiya, amene Mulungu anamtumiza kudziko lapansi kuti apulumutse anthu ndi kuwayeretsa ku zonyansa, pakuti mtundu wonse wa anthu ndi chipatso cha ubale wochimwa wa mkazi woyamba wa Eva ndi Njoka. Achipembedzo amasiya mabanja awo ndikuphwanya chiyanjano ndi anthu akunja. Kuyambira pano, Atate wawo Woona akhala Mwezi, ndipo Amayi Owona a mkazi wake. Pogwirizana ndi mpatuko, ma neophytes akubwereza:
"Bambo weniweni, ndine wokonzeka kupereka moyo wanga. Ngati mukufuna, tenga ... Ndicho chimwemwe - kufa kwa Atate Weniweni! "
M'mayiko ambiri, gululi limadziwika ngati lowononga, chifukwa anthu omwe akulowa nawo bungwe amakhala akapolo, amawadzoza mwaluso. Zolembazi sizimagona, kugona usiku, kupitilira umphaŵi ndi kusakhazikika, kupanga zopereka nthawi zonse, pamene mamembala a banja la Mwezi amatha kusamba bwino. Pa nthawi ya imfa yake mu 2012, mwezi wazaka 92 unali mwezi wa mabiliyoni.
Malinga ndi akatswiri a zamaganizo, anthu omwe kale anali achipembedzo amafunika miyezi 16 kuti akhalenso ndi moyo wabwino.
Neo-Pentecostal, kapena charismatics (The Chapel on Calvary, Mawu a Moyo, Mpingo wa Russian Christian)
Gululo linawonekera m'ma 70s ku US, ndipo linafalitsidwa ku mayiko ena, kuphatikizapo Russia. Chofunika cha chiphunzitsocho ndi chakuti Mkhristu woona ayenera kukhala wachimwemwe, wokondwa ndi wosangalala. Apo ayi, iye si Mkhristu.
Pamisonkhano ya misala pansi pa nyimbo za nyimbo zomwe zimakonda kuseka, kuvina ndi kufuula mokondwera. Palinso magawo onse a machiritso. Mankhwala amtundu amakanidwa.
Mapeto amauzidwa kuti nkofunika kupatsa ndalama zambiri kumudzi momwe zingathere kuti akakhale olemera mofulumira ndikukhala osangalala. Anthu ambiri okhwima maganizo ali ndi mkangano waukulu mkati mwake: amayesera kukhulupirira kuti, ngati Akhristu oona, amakula ndikukhala mosangalala, ngakhale kuti zonse sizikhala zabwino. Pamene, pomaliza, kunyalanyaza chenicheni sichitheka, psyche imatha. Pachifukwa ichi, pakati pa magulu achipembedzo omwe amayesa kudzipha sizodziwika.
Magulu amphamvu kwambiri m'mbiri
Nyumba ya Amitundu
Gululi ndilo loopsya kwambiri m'mbiri yonse. Inakhazikitsidwa mu 1955 ndi mlaliki wa ku America, dzina lake Jim Johnson, yemwe ali ndi mavuto aakulu ndi psyche ndikudziona yekha kukhala thupi la Yesu, Lenin ndi Buddha.
Komabe, adatha kupanga bungwe lalikulu lachipembedzo kuphatikiza anthu a mafuko osiyanasiyana. Mu 1977, mamembala a mpatuko adamanga nyumba ya Johnstown ku Guyana, kumene Johnson ndi gulu lake adakhazikika posakhalitsa. Pambuyo pake panapezeka "msasa weniweni wachipembedzo": anthu ankagwira ntchito maola 11 patsiku, adzalangidwa mwamphamvu ndipo adali akapolo a Johnson, omwe adakula kwambiri.
November 18, 1978, anthu okwana 909 a mpatuko, kuphatikizapo ana oposa 200, akutsatira ndondomeko ya mtsogoleri wawo wamba, kudzipha mwa kutenga cyanide potassium. Kafufuzidwe kameneka kanatulukira kuti poyamba poizoni wothira zakumwa za mphesa anapatsidwa kwa ana, ndiye akuluakulu amamwa. Amene adakana poizoni adakakamizika kuwatenga ndi mphamvu; mitembo yambiri imapezekanso majekeseni. Johnson mwiniwake anawomberedwa.
Aum Shinrikyo
Aum Shinrikyo ndi mpatuko wopangidwa ndi Seko Asaharay wa ku Japan ndipo akuphatikizapo ziphunzitso za Buddhism, Chihindu, Chikhristu, yoga, ndi ulosi wa Nostradamus. Anthu a mpatuko anali kuyembekezera nkhondo ya atomiki, chifukwa cha dziko lonse lapansi likanatha. Monga m'mabungwe ena a mtundu uwu, zoperekazo zinalimbikitsidwa apa ndipo gulu lonse lachangu likuyendera limodzi. Aum Shinrikyo adatchuka kwambiri pa March 20, 1995, pamene ambiri mwa otsatira ake adakhetsa mpweya woopsa wa sarin mumzinda wa Tokyo. Chifukwa cha nkhondoyi, anthu 12 anaphedwa ndipo oposa 6,000 anavulala.
Anthu ochita zachigawenga, komanso omwe anayambitsa gulu lachipembedzo, Seko Asahara, anamangidwa ndipo anaweruzidwa kuti aphedwe. Zambiri mwa zochitikazi ndizogawidwa ndipo sizikudziwikiratu bwino kuti, chifukwa chazomwe zigawenga zinayambika. Mwachionekere, Asahara, yemwe amadzidalira kwambiri, ankafuna kudzidalira yekha ndi kusiya mbiri yakale, pamene ena amangokwaniritsa chifuniro chake.
Miyala ya Paradaiso
Chipembedzocho chinakhazikitsidwa ndi aphunzitsi awiri a Marshall Appletel ndi Bonnie Nettles omwe, atawona wina ndi mnzake, "adagawana zinsinsi za esoteric". Banjali linaganiza kuti iwo ndi osankhidwa omwe ntchito yawo ndi kukwaniritsa maulosi a m'Baibulo. Iwo ankakhulupirira kuti iwo adzaphedwa ndiyeno adzaukitsidwa, ndipo sitima ina yapamwamba idzawatengera ku Paradaiso. Chifukwa cha luso lofotokozera ndi chisangalalo cha Applewyth, "Gates of Paradise" anali ndi otsatira omwe amakhulupirira zonyenga izi.
Atatha kufa kwa Nettle, Applewyte anapsa mtima kwambiri.
Mu 1997, uthenga unayambika pa Comet Hale-Bopp kudziko lapansi, ndipo ena a joker analemba pa intaneti kuti padali mzere wokhala pamsana pamsana. Applewyte "adazindikira" kuti ngalawayi idadza pambuyo pake ndi otsatira ake, ndipo Nettles anali kuyembekezera. Anauza anthu onse a mpatuko kuti asonkhanitse sutikesi, atenge mapiritsi akuluakulu ogona ndi kumwa nawo vodka. Motero, anthu 39 anamwalira, kuphatikizapo Applewyth mwiniwake.
Dongosolo la Kachisi wa Dzuŵa
Chipembedzo choyipa ichi chinakhazikitsidwa mu 1984 ndi dokotala wina wa ku Belgium, dzina lake Luc Jouret, ndi Josef di Mambro. Chiphunzitso cha mpatuko chinali chakuti dziko lapansi likuyenda mopitirira malire ku Apocalypse, ndipo n'zotheka kupulumutsidwa njira imodzi yokha - kusamukira ku Sirius, komwe moyo uli wokongola komanso wamuyaya. Komabe, n'zotheka kufika kwa Sirius pokhapokha atadzipangitsa kudzipangitsa.
Mu 1994-1997, anthu 74 a kaguluko, kuphatikizapo oyambitsa ndi mabanja awo, anapezeka atafa ku Switzerland, France ndi Canada. Anthu ena adadzipha, ena - omwe adakana kuika manja paokha, anaphedwa. Ena mwa akufa anali ana aang'ono, kuphatikizapo ana. Mwa kufuna kwawo, mamembala a mpatuko analemba kuti:
"Tikuchoka m'dziko lino ndi chisangalalo chosadabwitsa. Anthu, musatimvere ife! Bwino kuganizira za tsogolo lanu. Lolani chikondi chathu chikutsogolereni inu mu mayesero owopsya omwe adzakutsatireni pa nthawi ya Apocalypse "
Banja la Manson
Komiti "Banja" inakhazikitsidwa m'ma 60s ndi Charles Manson wochita zamatsenga. Iye ankadziganizira yekha kuti ndi mneneri ndipo analosera kuti posachedwa padzakhala nkhondo yopanda chipolowe pakati pa mitundu yoyera ndi yakuda, imene akuda adzapambana. Ma ward ake, makamaka achinyamata osasangalala, omwe adagwidwa ndi mabanja awo, mosagonjera amamvera mafano awo.
Mu 1969, mamembala a "Banja" adachita zozizwitsa zambirimbiri ndikupha anthu osalakwa. Mmodzi mwa anthu asanu ndi anayi omwe ali ndi vutoli ndi Sharon Tate, mtsikana wazaka 26, yemwe ndi mtsogoleri wa Roman Polanski.
Anthu otenthedwa adagwera m'nyumba ya a masewero ndikuchita naye limodzi ndi alendo ake, kenako analemba mawu akuti "Nkhumba" pamtambo ndi mwazi wa ozunzidwa. Sharon, yemwe anali ndi pakati pa miyezi 9, anavulaza mabala 16. Mphawi wake wakupha ndi Susan Atkinson, wokondedwa wa Manson. Pa nthawi ya kuphedwa, Atkinson wazaka 20 anali mayi wa mwana wa zaka chimodzi ...
Pogwiritsa ntchito milandu yachiwawa, Manson anaweruzidwa ku ndende ya moyo (pa nthawi ya mlandu, chilango cha imfa chinathetsedwa ku California). Tsopano ali ndi zaka 82, ndipo iye akadali mu ndende.