Kubzala adyo - malamulo osavuta okolola

Garlic amabzalidwa osati kuti adye chakudya, komanso kugulitsa. Ndikofunika kudziwa momwe zimakhalire ndikukula ndikukonzekera bwino. Kubzala adyo kuyenera kuchitidwa molingana ndi malamulo, mwinamwake mituyo sidzakhala yopanda kanthu.

Kukonzekeretsa adyo chifukwa chodzala

Odziwa bwino wamaluwa amalimbikitsa kuti asankhe chodzala malo osiyanasiyana a adyo , omwe adakula chifukwa cha nyengo m'deralo. Pankhaniyi, chiopsezo kuti padzakhala mavuto ena amachepetsa. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mitundu yotumizidwa kungabweretse ku zotsatira zosayembekezereka, motero sizingavomerezedwe kuti muzingowalima okha. Kukonzekera kubzala kasupe kasupe adyo kapena yophukira mbewu zimakhala ndikuphatikizapo kusankhidwa kwa khalidwe labwino, zomwe ziyenera kukhala zowirira, zazikulu komanso zopanda kuwonongeka.

Chithandizo cha adyo musanabzala

Pali njira zingapo zomwe zingathandizidwe kuti zikonzekeretsa mankhwala odzala, kuti zikhale bwino, zidzakhazikika mwamsanga ndi kutetezedwa ku zirombo zosiyanasiyana ndi matenda. Pali njira zambiri zomwe mungakonzekerere adyo kuti mubzala:

1. Amaluwa ambiri amalimbikitsa kuti azizizira kwambiri, kuti chomera chikhale bwino ndipo zokolola zidzakula mofulumira. Kwa miyezi 1,5-2. Asanafike, mitu yolimba iyenera kuikidwa m'madera ozizira. Ziri bwino ngati kutentha kuli pafupi 5 ° C, kotero ikhoza kukhala m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba kapena pansi pa alumali. Tsiku loyamba kubzala adyo, mitu igawikidwa mano, ndikofunikira kuchita izi mosamala, kuti asawononge kalikonse. Ngati mbewu za adyo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ziyenera kusungidwa kuzizizira, mwinamwake masambawo amakula. Kwa iwo, nthawi yovuta ndi mwezi umodzi.
2. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito, mukhoza kutenga mankhwala apadera, mwachitsanzo, "Maxim" kapena "Vitaros". Ndizoletsera kwambiri kuchitika kwa matenda. Pambuyo pa mankhwalawa, mano akulimbikitsidwa kuti akhale ouma pang'ono.

Kodi ndikufunika kuti ndilowetse adyo musanabzalidwe?

Mu madzi ochiritsira, sizingavomerezedwe kulimbana ndi masamba, koma pali mankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe angateteze kubzala kuchokera ku matenda osiyanasiyana ndikuthandizira kukolola bwino ndi kukula mofulumira.

1. Ambiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yothetsera mchere wamchere, zomwe zimateteza ma nematodes ndi nkhupakupa. Tengani 3 malita a madzi ndikusungunuka apo 1 tbsp. supuni ya mchere. Mbewu kwa maola 24.
2. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa ngati mukufunika kuthira adyo musanayambe kubzala mu mphindi yothetsera potassium permanganate, alimi amapereka yankho lolondola pa izi. Iyenera kukhala sing'anga pinki. Nthawi yotsekemera ndi mphindi 15-20.
3. Yankho la mkuwa sulphate ndiloyenera kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, choncho madzi okwanira 1 litre ndi ofunika kutenga 1 tsp. Kudyetsa adyo kumapangidwa pambuyo poti makululuwa amasungidwa muyeso kwa theka la ora.
4. Lembani masamba mu phulusa yankho, lomwe 0.5 makilogalamu a nkhuni phulusa ndi sieved ndi kutsanulira 3 malita a madzi otentha otentha. Pambuyo pake, yankho limapitiliza kwa mphindi 20, kenako nkuyikidwa pa mbale ndi yophika. Chotsani kutentha ndikuchoka mpaka madzi atakhazikika. Yankholo liyenera kusankhidwa, ndi kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi peresenti ya 1: 2. Nthawi yotsekemera ya adyo masamba 2 hours.

Kodi ndi bwino bwanji kubzala adyo?

Choyamba muyenera kusankha malo abwino, omwe ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zambiri:

1. Dothi lokongola ndi: chernozem, loam, ngakhale dothi lopanda kanthu.
2. Kutsekedwa kwa adyo pamalo otseguka ndikusamalira kumafunika kumadera kumene mbatata, tomato ndi anyezi sizinali zolimbidwa kale. Oyambitsa oyenera ndiwo ndiwo zamasamba: kabichi, nyemba ndi nkhaka.
3. Chonde dziwani kuti sikuli koyenera kufesa adyo chaka chilichonse pamalo omwewo.
4. Chomera chimakonda kutentha ndi kuwala, choncho sankhani malo owala. Iyenera kukhala yokonzeka: kukumba, kumasula ndi kuchotsa namsongole. Mukhoza kutsanulira nthaka ndi mankhwala amchere (supuni 3 zimatengedwa mu chidebe cha madzi). Patangopita masiku awiri, mukhoza kupita.

Ndiyenera kuikapo adyo mwakuya bwanji?

Manyowa aakulu ndi owathanzi ayenera kubzalidwa kwa kuya kwa masentimita 5-10, ndi mtunda uwu kuchokera pamwamba pa dzino mpaka pamwamba pa dziko lapansi. Mukamadzala kasupe adyo, ziyenera kukumbukira kuti kuya kwakuyenera kukhala kocheperapo kusiyana ndi mitundu ya chisanu, chifukwa safunikira kudziteteza okha ku chisanu. Chofunika sikuti zimangokhala zakuya kwa adyo, komanso kuti zikhale bwino, choncho pansi pake zimayikidwa pansi mpaka pansi, kotero kuti mapeto ake ali pamwamba. Mukawabzala mozama, ndiye masamba akhoza kukula mosiyana kapena vyrobet.

Kodi ndiyenera kulima mpaka pati?

Nthawi zambiri zimadulidwa mzere, ndipo mtunda wa pakati pawo uyenera kukhala wa 20-30 masentimita. Mtunda pakati pa manowo umadalira kukula kwake, choncho chizolowezi ndi gawo la masentimita 6-8. , monga kubzala adyo, mwinamwake chiwerengero cha kumera chidzachepa. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa mano ochuluka omwe amafunika kudzala pafupifupi 1 m2 ^ya munda, chizolowezi chimadalira kukula kwa chodzala. Agronomists amaitana nambala 130-380 mano. Nthenga yamtengo wapatali ndi kulemera kwa mankhwalawa ndi pafupifupi 3 g, ndipo yachiwiri - pa 7 g.

Mfundo ina yomwe ingaleke - momwe mungabzalitsire mbewu za adyo. Pankhaniyi, pali njira ziwiri:

1. Kufesa kwa nyengo yozizira. Malowa ayenera kutetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi kutsekemera ndi phosphorous, potaziyamu ndi nayitrogeni. Ndikofunika kupanga grooves 5-6 masentimita, mpaka pansi pa mtsinje woyera mchenga ndi mmenemo kuya 3 masentimita kubzala. Mtunda pakati pawo suyenera kukhala oposa 6 masentimita. Pakati pa mizere ayenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita 10.
2. Kufesa m'chaka. M'nyengo yozizira, zokololazo zimasungidwa pamalo ouma ndi amdima pamtunda wa 20 ° C. Mu February ndi bwino kuchoka pamalo ozizira, kumene kutentha sikudutsa 4 ° С. Mlungu umodzi musanadzale adyo, yanizani kufesa, mpweya ndikuwaza ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate. Ndikofunikira kuyamba pamene dziko lapansi liphulika mpaka 7 ° C. Pafupi mtunda pakati pa mizere ndi pafupifupi masentimita 15. Kuzama kwake kuyenera kukhala kotere kuti kufesa ndi kuya kwa masentimita 3-4, ndipo mtunda pakati pawo ndi pafupifupi masentimita 4.

Zima adyo - kubzala ndi kusamalira

Chomeracho chimalekerera chisanu kufika -25 ° С, koma ngati chiwerengerochi chikutsika mocheperachepera, kuomba kwaching'ono ndilo lamulo loyenera la kusunga mbewu. Pofuna kudziwa momwe mungamere ndi kudyetsa adyo bwino, muyenera kudziwa kuti, pamodzi ndi mapangidwe a masamba, muvi umapangidwa, ndipo ukaphuka kufika masentimita 20 ndikofunikira kuti uwuswe, ngati mbewu sizikufunika. Chinsinsi china - kupanga adyo mchizi zipse, amafuula pansi, nkuwatsegula kwa 1/3.

Kubzala adyo mvula yoyambilira yozizira - mawu

Popeza kuti nyengo ikusiyana m'madera osiyanasiyana, ndibwino kuti mutsogoleredwe ndi lamulo lotsatilazi: ndikofunika kudzala adyo yozizira kwa masiku 35-45 kusanayambike kwa chimfine. Nthawi ino ndi yokwanira kuti chomera chikhale mizu ndikukula mizu yabwino. Chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti masamba sayamba kupanga. Kumadera akummwera, kubwera kwake kukuchitika kuyambira pa September 20 mpaka 10 Oktoba, komanso kumadera akummwera kuyambira October 10. Chiwembu chodzala adyo m'nyengo yozizira sichisiyana ndi zosiyana zomwe takambirana pamwambapa.

Zima chodzala cha adyo - kuthirira

Pambuyo poyamba kutsegulira kumapeto kwa kasupe, kokha ngati mulibe mphepo yamkuntho. Pakati pa May ndi June, kuthirira madzi nthawi zonse ndikofunika koti mupite. Masiku 20 asanakolole, imatha. Pali malingaliro othandizira kuti mumvetse bwino madzi adyo obzalidwa kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira:

1. Nyengo ikakhala yochepa, ulimi wothirira umachitika masiku 8-10 ndi 10-12 malita pa 1 m ² .
2. Pamene kasupe kotentha, ndiye kuti voliyumu ya madzi ndi yofanana, koma kuthirira katatu masabata awiri.
3. Pakakhala mvula yambiri, madzi okwanira ayenera kudulidwa kuti asawononge zomera.

Kodi kudyetsa adyo yomwe idabzala m'dzinja?

Popanda kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kuti mukolole bwino, mwinamwake, sungagwire ntchito, ndipo muzichita izi mmagulu angapo:

1. Zambiri zokhudza kubzala kwa adyozi ndi kusamalira, zikuwonetseratu kuti feteleza yoyamba imayambira pamene mbewuyo ili ndi masamba 3-4. Ndikofunika kusakaniza 1 tbsp. supuni ya urea ndi yovuta mchere feteleza mu 10 malita a madzi. Pa 1 m2 ayenera kudyetsedwa 2-3 malita.
2. Pambuyo pa masabata 2-3, chakudya chotsatira chidzachitika, zomwe 10 malita amatengedwa 2 tbsp. spoons wa nitrophosphite kapena nitroammofoski . Kugwiritsa ntchito 1 lita imodzi kuposa muyeso lapitalo.
3. Kuvala pamwamba kotsiriza kumachitika mu theka lachiwiri la June, kotero malita 10 amatengedwa 2 tbsp. makapu a nthaka superphosphate . Apanso, kumwa madzi okwanira 1 litre

Momwe mungamerekere adyo m'chaka?

Ponena za chiwongolero ndi kuya kwa nthaka kunatchulidwa pamwambapa, koma maonekedwe ena anaphonya. Mitengo yamasika imayenera kuthirira bwino mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa Julayi, pamene kukula kwachangu kukuchitika. Ndi chinyezi chowonjezera, kukula kwa mababu kumachedwa, ndipo adyo sungakhoze kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Ngati palibe madzi okwanira, nsonga za zomerazo zidzasanduka chikasu. Pamene pepala lachisanu ndi chimodzi limapangidwa, kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, ndipo pofika pakati pa mwezi wa August kwaimitsidwa. Zina, malamulo okhudza momwe angabwerere adyo kumapeto kwa nyengo, amatanthauza kuwonjezeka kwa zipatso:

1. Pambuyo pomaliza kuthirira tsiku lotsatira, m'pofunika kumasula mabedi kupita ku chomera.
2. Kumayambiriro kwa August, muyenera kumangiriza masamba onse mu mfundo kuti muthe kuchepetsa chakudya chawo. Chifukwa chake, adyo amapereka mphamvu zonse pakupanga mutu waukulu.
3. Kukolola bwino kumalimbikitsidwa ndi kukonzanso kwabwino kwa nthawi yake.

Kodi kudzala adyo m'chaka chapansi?

Kuti mukolole bwino, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiyambe kubzala masamba kuchokera nthawi yomwe zakhala zotheka kuyamba ntchito yamunda. Iyenera kuyendetsedwa kwa nthawi kuyambira kuyambira zaka khumi ndi zitatu za March mpaka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April. Ngati mutachedwa ngakhale masiku ochepa, zokolola zidzakhala zazing'ono komanso zopanda pake. Ndikofunika kudziwa momwe mungabzalitsire adyo kumapeto kwa nyengo, choncho ndi bwino kupanga makilogalamu 6-8 masentimita pambali pa bedi. Mtunda wa pakati pawo ukhale 20-25 masentimita.

Momwe mungabzalitsire adyo - pamwamba

Chomeracho chimachita bwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza, chifukwa choti n'zotheka kukula mababu akuluakulu a adyo. Mu malangizo momwe mungabzalitsire kasupe kasupe ndi bwino kusamalira, zikuwonetseratu kuti m'pofunika kupanga feteleza kangapo:

1. Nthawi yoyamba feteleza imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwamsanga pakangopangidwa masamba angapo. Pochita izi, tenga feteleza zopanda mphamvu, mwachitsanzo, yankho la zitosi za mbalame, mullein kapena infusions wa zitsamba. Chonde onani kuti manyowa atsopano ndi oletsedwa.
2. Patatha masabata angapo, fetereza yachiwiri imapangidwa, yomwe feteleza amchere amachotsedwa.
3. Kuvala pamwamba kotsiriza kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa July, pamene mano adzapangidwa. Gwiritsani ntchito phosphorous-fetereza fetereza.