Cheremsha (kapena Bear's anyezi) ndi chomera cha mankhwala chomwe chimadziwika kuyambira kale. Masamba ake ndi mababu amakhala ndi vitamini C ndi A, mafuta ofunikira, fructose, salt mineral, phytoncides. Ili ndi mphamvu ya bactericidal ndi anthelminthic, imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira matenda, matumbo a m'mimba ndi matenda ena. Mavitamini ndi mababu a zomera amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya monga zonunkhira, monga kuyika mu zakudya zamabotolo, komanso kvass, marinate ndi mchere.
Popeza kuti adyo wamtunduwu amalembedwa mu Bukhu Loyera, zomera zakutchire sizingathe kusonkhanitsidwa, choncho zimakula pakhomo.
Momwe mungamerekere chitumbuwa chamtchire kuchokera ku mbewu, mudzaphunzira kuchokera m'nkhaniyi.
Cheremsha - kufotokoza za mbewu
Cheremsha ndi banja la anyezi. Ndipotu, makamaka ndi adyo zakutchire. Zapangika mababu mpaka 1 masentimita wandiweyani, masamba awiri aatali masentimita 3-5, mamitala akuluakulu amatha kufika masentimita 50, omwe amathera mu ambulera yamitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Mbali ya mlengalenga ya chomera imayamba kuchokera m'dzinja kukayamba ndikumwalira pakati pa chilimwe. Mababu pansi pa dziko lapansi amakhala zaka zingapo. Cheremsha amadzuka kumayambiriro kwa masika, amatha maluwa mu May ndipo amalimbitsa mu June, kenako amachoka pantchito. Bulbu iliyonse pachaka imakhala ndi ana aakazi awiri.
Kubzala adyo akhoza kukhala ngati mbewu, ndikutsanso mababu.
Kulima tizilombo zakutchire kuchokera ku mbewu
Ndi bwino kufesa adyo m'nyengo yozizira, chifukwa mbewu zimasowa kukonza mkati mwa masiku 80-100 kutentha kwa 0-3 ° C. Zofesedwa kasupe popanda ndondomekoyi zidzakula mu chaka. Kubzala kumalimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu za adyo zakutchire zokolola chaka chino, popeza zili ndi bwino kumera.
Pa nthaka yosungunuka, masamba osadziwika amapangidwa (mozama kupitirira 1 masentimita), mbewu zimayikidwa mwa iwo, zimadulidwa ndi pepala lochepetsetsa la peat kapena humus ndipo limakhala losakanizidwa. Onetsetsani kuti muyang'ane malire a tsambali. Popeza mababu mu chaka choyamba ali ndi makulidwe a 1 mm ndipo tsamba limatalika kufika masentimita 10, ndiye mphukira zakutchire zimakhala zosavuta kutaya pamunda pakati pa namsongole, kotero wamaluwa amafesa mbewu mabokosi omwe amaikidwa pamtengowo. Mbande ayenera kuthiriridwa ndi modekha udzu.
Pokhapokha pa chaka chachitatu chokula chomeracho chimafika kukula kwake ndipo chikhoza kuikidwa. Kwa chaka chachinayi mbewu zidzaphuka.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira ramson
Cheremsha ndi mthunzi wokonda mthunzi komanso wosakanikirana, koma samakonda madzi, chifukwa amamera m'nkhalango pansi pa mitengo yachilengedwe. Ndikoyenera kukonza chiwembu mumthunzi wa mpanda kapena nyumba, pansi pa mitengo ndi tchire. Mukakulira padzuwa, chomeracho chidzakhala ndi masamba abwino komanso abwino.
Malowa amachotsedwa namsongole, amameta komanso amamera ndi humus kuchokera ku masamba a birch, hazel kapena elm (2 zidebe pa 1 sq. M.). M'malo okhala ndi madzi apamwamba, madzi akufunika. Dothi louma liyenera kukhala laimu.
Kuyala mababu anyezi kuyenera kuchitika panthawi ya dormancy, ndiko kuti, mu August-September kapena kumayambiriro kwa masika. Amafukula mosamala, kuti asasokoneze mizu. Bzalani mzere pakati pa 20 cm pakati pa zomera ndi masentimita 40 pakati pa mizere. Babu imayikidwa mozama mofanana, mizu yowongoka ndi yokutidwa ndi dziko lapansi. Kuwonjezera kuthirira madzi ndi kuzungulira ndi wosanjikiza wa tsamba humus mpaka masentimita 7.
Kusamalira adyo zakutchire ndi motere:
- Kukula namsongole;
- kakang'ono kumasula nthaka;
- kuthirira nthawi zonse pomwe pali masamba;
- mulching ndi woonda wosanjikiza wa wagwa masamba kapena tsamba humus;
- popanda humus kudyetsa, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa (1:10) kapena zitosi za mbalame (1:20);
- chitetezo ku mphutsi za oyendetsa migodi - kutsanulira zomera 1% yothetsera mchere wamchere usiku, ndipo m'mawa, tsambani ndi madzi oyera kuchokera ku kuthirira madzi;
- wotetezedwa ku dzimbiri - sprayed ndi mkuwa wa chloride yankho (supuni 1 imadzipulidwa mu 10 malita a madzi) kuchokera 1 tbsp. supuni ya sopo wamadzi. Mankhwalawa akubwerezedwa pambuyo pa masabata awiri. Mukhoza kudya masamba masabata 14 okha, onetsetsani kuti mumatsuka bwino.
Kuyambira chaka chachitatu, masamba a zomera angathe kukolola, koma asanamwe maluwa. Mukhoza kupanga mabedi ambiri ndikudula masamba amodzi pachaka, kulola ena kuti apeze. Pambuyo pa zaka 6-7, chilombo chotchedwa cheris chimaikidwa pamalo atsopano.
Kukulitsa adyo zakutchire pa webusaiti yanu, mumapatsa banja lanu vitamini mankhwalawa m'chaka.