Ndikofunika kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ndipo processing wa nkhaka ku tizirombo ndi mbali yofunika ya munda ndi munda ntchito, ngati mukufuna potsiriza kupeza khalidwe ndi wokolola zokolola.
Ngakhale pa siteji ya kukonzekera mbewu za kubzala, zitha kukhala zotheka komanso zofunikira kuti zithetse, kotero kuti tizirombo ta nkhaka sizikhala kwathunthu kapena kuwonongeka kuli kochepa.
Kupewa matenda ndi tizirombo ta nkhaka
Ngati mumaganizira mfundo zingapo zokhudzana ndi kupewa, ndiye kuti simungasunge kokha kuchuluka kwa mbeu, komanso khalidwe lake. Kotero, ndizowani zowonetsera:
- kubzala mbewu zabwino zokha zomwe zasankhidwa, zokonzeka ndi zowonongeka;
- kufesa mu nthaka yotentha (osachepera +12 ... 14 ° С pozama masentimita 10);
- Kukonzekera kwa nthaka: umuna, kumasula, kuyeretsa;
- kusankha mitundu yosagwirizana ndi matenda ena ndi tizirombo;
- kuchotsa ku bedi la zotsalira zonse zazomera;
- Kupalira kwa nthawi yake, monga namsongole nthawi zambiri amanyamula matenda ambiri ndi tizilombo;
- kuchotsa ndi kuwotcha kunja kwa malo onse a zomera zodwala matenda ndi tizilombo zomwe zikuwonekera pamalo odzala nkhaka.
Tizilombo - tizirombo ta nkhaka
Amaluwa ambiri amakhala ndi chidwi ndi tizirombo toyambitsa nkhaka, momwe tingawazindikire komanso momwe tingachitire nawo molondola. Tidzakambirana zambiri za iwo ndikukufotokozerani za njira zotsutsana nazo:
1. Nsanganizo ya nsabwe za m'masamba . Limatanthawuza tizirombo pa nkhaka poyera. Zimapezeka nthawi zambiri. Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono timene tili pamunsi mwa tsamba ndikuvulaza zomera. Amayambitsa mazira ambiri, maluwa komanso zipatso za nkhaka. Kuchokera kuntchito yawo, masamba akugwa kuchokera ku zomera, maluwa amafuna, motero, zokolola zimachepa. Ndipo ngati mvula imagwa pa nthawiyi, sitingathe kusunga mbewu zawo.
Njira zovuta:
- kupewa - nthaka disinfection, kuyambanso kuchotsa zatsamba zamasamba, kukumba nthaka;
- Ngati nsabwe za m'masamba zidayamba kale kuonekera pazomera, zimadetsedwa ndi udzu wofiira (kutsindika 1 kg udzu m'madzi masana);
- Angathe kutsukidwa ndi yankho - 200 g wa phulusa, 50 g wa pulasitala sopo m'nyumba mu ndowa;
- Kuthamanga kwa Intra-Viro.
2. Kangaude . Amakhala pansi pa tsamba, amadyetsa zomera. Tizilombo timene timayambitsa nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha. Zowopsa kwambiri kutentha, chifukwa chaichi chiŵerengero cha anthu chimakula kwambiri. Tizilombo timayambitsa masamba ndi kamtsikiti kakang'ono, kamayamwa timadziti ndikuwononga mabedi onse.
Njira zovuta:
- Panthawi yamakono, nthaka youma pansi pa nkhaka ndiyo sing'anga yabwino kwambiri kwa akangaude;
- Kuyeretsa nthaka mu greenhouses ndi disinfection;
- kupopera nthawi ndi nthawi ndi kulowetsedwa kwa anyezi kapena adyo (200 g mankhusu mu chidebe cha madzi);
- akufika pafupi ndi nkhaka katsabola, komwe kumakopa ladybirds - analumbirira adani a nsabwe za m'masamba ndi nkhupakupa.
3. Slugs . Khalani ndi moyo wokhutira usiku, kudya masamba ndi zipatso za nkhaka. Kuphatikizani, phulani zokolola ndi njira zake zakuda ndi zitosi.
Njira zovuta:
- Kuwongolera nthaka ndi phulusa ndi hydrated laimu, kukumba;
- Kuyeretsa zotsalira ndi kusukula nthaka;
- Kuyika pa malo a pogona - masamba a burdock, matabwa, makatoni, slugs adzasonkhanitsidwa kumeneko m'mawa;
- mankhwala a munda ndi Metaldehyde.
4. Whitefly . Ngozi imayimilidwa ndi mphutsi, yomwe imamwa madzi kuchokera ku zomera ndikupangitsa kukula kwa bowa wakuda pa masamba a nkhaka.
Njira zovuta:
- Kupopera mbewu ndi kutsuka kwa mphutsi ndi Intra-Virom potsatira kukumba nthaka ndikugwiritsa ntchito peat ;
- kubzala fodya pambali pa bedi ndi nkhaka.