Portulak - kuyendetsa ndi kusamalira pamalo otseguka, zizindikiro za kulima

Pali zomera zambiri zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kukongoletsa ziwembu, maluwa, mapiri komanso mapiri. Pofuna kulenga zojambulazo, ndizofunika kudziwa zomwe portolac zimaimira, kubzala ndi kusamalira pamalo omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zake.

Kodi wojambula zithunzi amawoneka bwanji?

Kuti mumvetse mtundu wa nyamayi, muyenera kumvetsera mfundo zazikulu kuchokera ku kufotokoza kwa maluwa awa:

1. Tchire ndi lalifupi ndikufika kutalika kwa masentimita 10-30.
2. Mizu ili nthambi ndipo kunja kwa iyo imabwera tsinde, lomwe liri lopiringizika ndi minofu.
3. Masamba ndi abwino ndipo amatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira komanso ovunda.
4. Pofotokoza za piranhaka zimasonyeza kuti chomeracho chimakhala ndi malo oyendayenda padziko lapansi, kupanga chophimba chonse cha maluwa.
5. Maluwa akhoza kukhala osavuta, ochepa-kawiri ndi awiri. Pambuyo maluwa, kapule ndi mbewu zimapangidwa, zomwe zimakhala zonyezimira komanso zonyezimira. Mu m'mimba mwake, amafika ku 0,6-0.9 mm.

Kodi maluwa amabala bwanji?

Nthawi yamaluwa imakhala pa nyengo yofunda ndi chikhalidwe chosangalatsa, kuti duwa limatsegulira tsiku lokha, ndipo madzulo amatha, koma maluwa amatha kumera, choncho pali maluwa opitirira. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti maluwa a m'munda wamtendere amatha kutsegulidwa. Pali mtundu wolemera wa mtundu, kotero masambawo akhoza kukhala achikasu, oyera, pichesi, lalanje, pinki.

Chipinda cha Portulacus - Mitundu

Pali mitundu yoposa 200 ya succulent, mwa izi ndi izi:

1. Portulac wa munda. Mitundu yamba yomwe imakula ngati chikhalidwe cha chaka chimodzi. Iyo imadzibala yokha mwa kufesa, kotero imabweretsa madera akulu mwamsanga. Mitengo ya Portulaca imakhala ndi minofu yamatchi. Inflorescences m'zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndizochepa komanso zosasangalatsa. Mapangidwe a masamba ndi mphukira akuphatikizapo zinthu zambiri zothandiza ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuphikira ndi mankhwala ochiritsira.
2. Portulac ndi terry. Chikhalidwe cha chaka chimodzi, chomwe ndi chimodzi mwa mitundu ya mitundu ikuluikulu. Maluwa ndi aakulu ndi mabala ambiri. Pali mitundu yambiri yamaluwa. Ndikoyenera kudziŵa zonunkhira zabwino. Kutalika kwa chitsamba sikuposa 20 cm.
3. Portulacum lalikulu-flowered. Dziko la South America ndilokha, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi masentimita 20. Portulac wazaka chimodzi amamera chinachake ngati tiyi ndipo amatha kukhala osiyana.
4. Portulac ndi ampel. Ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa umene unachokera mwanzeru. Zimayambira ndizofanana ndi zowoneka bwino. Masamba ali ndi mnofu ndi minofu, ndipo maluwa akhoza kukhala ophweka kapena terry. Mtundu wa mtundu uli wochuluka. Kawirikawiri, nthawi yosatha imakula ngati chaka, imagwiritsa ntchito kukongoletsa mapiri a alpine ndi kanyumba .
5. Portulac "Zephyr". Mitundu yokongola kwambiri, yomwe idzakhala yokongoletsa malo aliwonse ndi maonekedwe ake. Portulac «Maluwa othamanga» ali ndi mphukira zazing'ono zomwe sizingafike kutalika kwa masentimita 10. Inflorescences ndi otentha kwambiri. Koma mtundu wa mtundu, ndi waukulu.

Momwe mungabzalitsire sitima?

Ndikofunika kumvetsera posankha malo abwino, kotero maluwawa chikhalidwe chimakonda dzuwa kapena penumbra. Zikatero, maluwa adzatseguka m'mawa. Ngati pali mthunzi wambiri, ndiye kuti maluwa adzakhala ochepa. Musanadziwe momwe mungabzalitsire portolac panja kapena pa mbande, muyenera kumvetsetsa ubwino wa nthaka. Chomeracho chikuyenda bwino pa dothi losauka, koma mchenga ndi wofunika kwambiri. Nthaka yachonde imalimbikitsa kukula kwa zomera, koma maluwa adzakhala ochepa, kotero kuwonjezera mchenga.

Portulac - kubzala mbewu

Chomera chokolola mwatsopano sichitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa chiyenera kukhala pafupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti mbeu zimamera zaka zitatu. Kuti muyambe ndi kukhazikitsa chitukuko, kubzala ndi kusamalira pamalo otseguka, kumatanthauza kutsata malamulo a kutentha, kotero mukhoza kufesa mbewu pamene dziko likuwomba bwino. Pali dongosolo linalake, momwe mungabzalitsire nyanjayi kumalo otseguka:

1. Choyamba, sungani nthaka ndikugawira mbewu, ndikuwaza mchenga pamwamba.
2. Lembani bedi ndi filimu kapena magalasi kuti apange nyengo yotentha. Masana, pamene kutentha kumatuluka, nkofunika kutsegula bedi kwa maola angapo kuti mpweya wabwino ufike.
3. Ndi bwino kupopera sprayer kuti musamalidwe m'minda. Pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mphukira, pamene kutentha kudzakhala pamapeto a 24-26 ° C, filimuyo ikhoza kuchotsedwa kwathunthu.
4. Pamene kutalika kwa mbande ndi 2-3 masentimita, ayenera kukhala thinned ndipo akhoza kupalesedwa kapena kuchoka pamalo omwewo.

Portulac - kubzala mbande

Amaluwa ambiri amasankha njira yobzala, chifukwa ndi odalirika kwambiri. Pofuna kulima mbande za phokosola, kubzala ndi kusamalira pamalo omasuka kumachitika malinga ndi ndondomeko yotsatirayi:

1. Konzani makina otsika, pafupifupi masentimita 7, ndikupanga mabowo mumadzi. Thirani kapangidwe kakang'ono ka dongo kapena perlite, ndiyeno, gawo lowala, lomwe limaphatikizapo mchenga, nthaka ya dothi ndi makala amadzi. Simungagwiritse ntchito chipinda chodyera masitolo, chifukwa muli ndi peat, yomwe si yoyenera kubzala wofiira.
2. Dothi lophatikizana ndi lokha. Mbewu imasakanizidwa ndi mchenga ndikufalikira pamwamba. Phimba chidebecho ndi chivindikiro kapena galasi. Ikani malo otentha komanso okongola. Ndi bwino kusankha sill window kumbali yakumwera, mwinamwake muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito backlight. Chonde dziwani kuti kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kumakhala 25 ° C.
3. Nthaŵi ndi nthaŵi, ventilate m'minda ndi moisten gawo lapansi. Pambuyo pa sabata padzakhala mphukira ndiyeno muyenera kuchotsa pogona. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti kutentha sikugwera pansi pa 20 ° C ndipo pali kuunika kwa kuwala.
4. Ndibwino kuti muzimwa madzi mmitsuko. Pambuyo pa maonekedwe a masamba enieni 2-3, minda iyenera kuchepetsedwa, kusiya kwambiri.
5. Pa gawo lotsatiralo, kukwera m'matangi osiyana kumapangidwa. Onetsetsani kuti mutenge mphukira pamodzi ndi nsalu ya padziko lapansi. Mu miphika payekha, muyenera kukulitsa mbande ku masamba osakanikirana. Ndibwino kuti pang'onopang'ono azizoloŵera zomera kuti azikula panja, ndikuwombera miphika madzulo. Yambani ndi mphindi 20. ndi kuwonjezera nthawi.
6. Pofuna kuyambira mmera pestilaka, kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera nthaka imachitika pamene kutentha ndi 20-22 ° C. Kumalo atsopano, mbande ziyenera kuikidwa m'manda.

Ndi liti kuti ukafike pa sitima?

Ngati cholinga chake ndi kubzala mbewu, ndiye kuti kufesa kungatheke mu February. Pakulima mapulasitiki, kubzala ndi kusamalira pamalo osasunthika kumalo osungirako mbeu kumatha kuyambira kumapeto kwa April mpaka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May, pamene kutentha kwa mpweya sikutsika pansi pa 20 ° C. Izi ndi zofunika, popeza mitengo yochepa imayambitsa chikhalidwe cha maluwa. Chinthu chinanso chofunika kumvetsera ndi momwe mungamerekere nyamayi ndi mbeu kumalo otseguka, choncho kufesa kumachitika pamene kutentha sikutsika pansi pa 10 ° C usiku.

Ndi mtunda wotani womwe muyenera kuika perduracle?

Chomera ichi n'chosangalatsa chifukwa chimafalikira pansi, kupanga mabala onse okongola. Anthu omwe adasankha kukula kwa nthawi yoyamba sakudziwa momwe angayimire chidindo pansi ndi mtunda wotani pakati pa mphukira. Ngati mbeu yofesedwa, zimakhala zovuta kuyang'anitsitsa kukula kwake, ndipo zikamera zimangokhala zochepa. Pogwiritsira ntchito mbande, ziyenera kuganiziridwa kuti pakati pa zomera zomwe zili pamalo otseguka zikhalebe masentimita 15.

Portulac - Kukula ndi Kusamalira

Chomera chimakula panthawi ndipo chimakhala chophimba, chomwe sichimalola kumera namsongole. Mukamabzala mchenga, kusamalira pamalo omasuka kumaphatikizapo kumasula ndi kukulitsa nthaka , ndipo m'tsogolomu, njira zoterezi sizikufunika. Chikhalidwe ndi thermophilic, kotero sizingatheke m'nyengo yozizira. Ambiri wamaluwa amatolera mbewu yobzala chaka chamawa, ndipo tchire zimachotsedwa ndi kutayidwa. Mbande zamphamvu zingapangidwe mu mphika ndi kubweretsa kunyumba, kuvala zenera lakumwera.

Kodi portolac ikukwera bwanji?

Ngati zinthu zabwino zimalengedwa, ndiko kutentha, chinyezi ndi zina zofunikira, ndiye kuti mphukira idzaonekera patapita sabata. Anthu ambiri amasangalala ndi momwe mphukira za portolac zikuwonekera, choncho mphukira zoyamba ndi zochepa kwambiri komanso zofiira zoyera ndi pinki, ndipo masamba awiri amapezeka pamwamba pakapita kanthawi. Ndibwino kuti mukhale ndi mphamvu zambiri, tsinde limakula, ndipo masamba enieni amapanga.

Portulak pa bedi la maluwa - mbali za kuthirira

Izi maluwa chikhalidwe si hygrophilous ndipo kawirikawiri amalekerera chilala, kotero kawirikawiri kuthirira sikofunika. Dziwani kuti nthaka yowonongeka imayambitsa matenda a fungal. Kudiririra sikuchitika kamodzi pa sabata, ndipo ziyenera kuchitika pansi pazu. Kulima mliri ndi kusamalira mbewu pamtunda sikutanthauza kuti nthawi zonse chimasula, choncho izi zimachitika pokhapokha mutachoka.

Grass Portulacus - kukwera pamwamba

Zokongoletsera mitundu sindikufuna pamwamba kuvala. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, ziyenera kukumbukira kuti dothi lopatsanso thanzi limayambitsa kuponderezana kwa maluwa. Ngati, komabe kulima portolac kumalo otseguka kumachitika kuti zophikira, ndiye kudya kwanthawi zonse kumalimbikitsidwa. Pachifukwachi ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mchere wamchere, chifukwa cha mtundu wobiriwirawo udzakula bwino. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kamodzi pa mwezi, kuyambira pa nthawi yomwe akukwera.

Portulak m'dziko - matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Chikhalidwe chomwe chimaperekedwa sikumangokhala osasamala mu chisamaliro, koma kulimbana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizirombo. Ngati simukutsatira malamulo odzala mchenga pamtunda ndikusamalira, ndiye kuti zotsatirazi zingakhalepo:

1. Matenda a fungal. Nthaŵi zambiri, vuto limakhala likugwa mvula yam'mlengalenga kapena ndi kuthirira mobwerezabwereza. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa zimaphatikizapo masamba osokoneza komanso mawanga pamasamba. Chithandizo chimaphatikizapo kuchotseratu zinthu zonse zowonongeka, ndipo mphukira zabwino zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuphatikizapo mkuwa.
2. Nsabwe za m'masamba. Pambuyo pa tizilombo, tifunika kupopera ndi sopo yankho. Ngati ndondomekoyi sizithandiza, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti muzisamalira tchire ndi njira yothetsera potassium permanganate.
3. Kupuma. Pofuna kuti dzuŵa likhale bwino, kubzala ndi kusamalira pamalo omasuka ayenera kukhazikitsidwa molingana ndi malamulo, popeza panthawi yoyamba ya zomera zowonongeka zimayambitsa matenda. Mfundo yakuti chomera chikukhudzidwa idzawonetsedwa ndi mfundo zazing'ono pamasamba. Kuchiza ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingachite ndi mankhwala.