Mazira a nkhuku ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zamtengo wapatali kwambiri kwa anthu. Mazira a nkhukuwa ndi ofunikira kuntchito kwa mapuloteni a thupi ndi mafuta, komanso zigawo zikuluzikulu zowonjezera mavitamini - mavitamini , tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo tambirimbiri.
Chemical zikuchokera nkhuku mazira
Mankhwala a dzira la nkhuku ali ndi:
- madzi 74%;
- Mapuloteni - 12.5%;
- mafuta - 12%
- Zakudya - 0,5%;
- zinthu zamchere ndi mavitamini - 1%.
Mapuloteni a dzira la nkhuku amasiyana ndi maonekedwe a yolk, popeza alibe mafuta ndipo ali ndi madzi okwanira. Ndipo yolk, mosiyana ndi mapuloteni, ali ndi ochepa amino acid. Mphamvu ya nkhuku ya nkhuku ndi 47 kcal (157 kcal pa 100 g). Mbali yaikulu ya caloriki yokhudzana ndi dzira (75%) ndi yolk.
Mapuloteni amapereka chakudya chamtengo wapatali cha dzira la nkhuku. Mavitamini a amino mu mazira a nkhuku amasungidwa bwino kwambiri, motero amatenga thupi pafupifupi 100%. Pachifukwa ichi, anthu ochepetsetsa komanso othamanga misala amagwiritsa ntchito azungu okha.
Mphuno ya nkhuku ya nkhuku ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mafuta, omwe ndi ofunika kwambiri ndi unsaturated mafuta acids. Mikangano yokhudzana ndi zoopsa ndi phindu la dzira yolk pakati pa akatswiri a zakufa amapempha cholesterol. Komabe, mu dzira limodzi siziri zochuluka - zosakwana mtengo wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Komanso - yolk cholesterol "imatulutsidwa" ndi mbali ina ya dzira - lecithin.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mazira kumawonjezera mavitamini ambiri (A, E, PP, D, H, K ndi Gulu B), komanso mineral, yomwe imaphatikizapo calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, potassium, sodium, sulfure, zitsulo ndi zina zofunika pa thanzi zinthu.
Polankhula za momwe nkhuku ya nkhuku imakhalira, simungaiwale za chipolopolo chake. Chigawo chachikulu cha chipolopolo - calcium, koma chimaphatikizapo zowonjezera 30 zothandiza mchere.
Kuvulaza nkhuku mazira
Chifukwa cha ovomucoid mapuloteni mu dzira, mankhwalawa ndi okwera kwambiri. Ovomukoid amalepheretsa kupanga mapangidwe a michere ndi mapheretechete, omwe amachititsa kusakwanira kwa zakudya ndi kusokoneza kwa zizindikiro zowonongeka. Lembani zomwe zili mu kudya mazira zikhale ndi matenda oopsa, chiwindi matenda, impso ndi ndulu, matenda a khungu. Komanso, mazira angakhalenso magwero a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mmodzi wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kwambiri ndi salmonella. Kuti ateteze motsutsana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuphika mazira osachepera mphindi 8 mutentha.