Utsogoleri wa Pakati

Sikovuta kuyendetsa galimoto, ndizovuta kwambiri ndi ndege, koma mavuto aakulu amadza pamene akuyesera kutsogolera gulu. Kawirikawiri timatha kuona atsogoleri omwe sali atsogoleri, ndipo nthawi zambiri amatsatira malangizo awo mosavuta. Koma pali anthu omwe sakhala ndi maudindo apamwamba, koma ali ndi mphamvu yaikulu pa timuyi. Kodi mtsogoleriyo amadziwonetsera yekha kapena ayi? Funso limeneli lakhala lothandiza kwambiri kwa ofufuza, koma akatswiri amakono amapeza yankho pazochitika za chikhalidwe cha utsogoleri, tanthauzo lake ndilo kulingalira nkhaniyi ndi onse omwe akugwira nawo ntchitoyi, osati anthu.

Zitsanzo za utsogoleri wamakhalidwe

Poyamba, ankaganiza kuti mtsogoleri ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi makhalidwe apadera omwe amamulola kuti akhale mtsogoleri wabwino. Koma pamene akuyesera kufotokoza makhalidwe omwe amamupangitsa munthu kukhala mtsogoleri, zinaoneka kuti pali zambiri za iwo, palibe munthu amene angaziphatikize mwa iwo okha. Izi zinavumbula kusagwirizana kwa chiphunzitso ichi, chinalowetsedwa ndi njira ya utsogoleri, yomwe idatchula osati mtsogoleri komanso wogonjera okha, komanso mkhalidwe wonse. Kulingalira kwa chiphunzitso ichi kunakhudza gulu lonse la ofufuza. Fiedler adawonetsa kuti chiwerengero chilichonse chimafunikanso kayendedwe ka kayendedwe kake. Koma pakadali pano, mtsogoleri aliyense amayenera kuikidwa m'malo abwino kwambiri kwa iye, popeza khalidwe labwino silinasinthe. Mitchell ndi House amaganiza kuti mutuwu ndi wolimbikitsa anthu ogwira ntchito. Mwachizoloŵezi, chiphunzitso ichi sichinatsimikizidwe kwathunthu.

Pakalipano, kuchokera ku maofesi a utsogoleri wa chikhalidwe ndi otchuka kwambiri ndi chiphunzitso cha Hersey ndi Blanchard, chomwe chimasiyanitsa machitidwe anayi oyang'anira:

1. Malangizo - yang'anani pa ntchito, koma osati pa anthu. Ndondomekoyi imadziwika ndi kulamulira mwamphamvu, malemba ndi zolinga zomveka bwino.
2. Kuwongolera ndizolowera kwa anthu onse komanso ntchitoyo. Ndiponso, malangizo ndi kuwonetsetsa kuti akugwiritsire ntchito, koma mtsogoleriyo amafotokoza zomwe akuganizazo ndipo amapatsa wogwira ntchito mwayi wakufotokozera malingaliro ake.
3. Zothandizira - kuganizira kwambiri anthu, koma osati pa ntchitoyo. Pali thandizo lililonse kwa antchito amene amapanga zisankho zambiri.
4. Kugawana - kuika maganizo pa anthu ndi ntchitoyi. Kuyimira nthumwi ya ufulu ndi maudindo kwa mamembala ena.
5. Kusankhidwa kwa kayendedwe ka kayendedwe kamapangidwa malinga ndi mlingo wa zolimbikitsa ndi chitukuko cha ogwira ntchito, omwe amakhalanso ndi anayi.
6. Sizingatheke, koma amafuna - zikuluzikulu za ogwira ntchito, koma zidziwitso ndi luso losakwanira.
7. Sizingatheke ndipo sizikufuna - palibe chiwerengero chofunikira cha chidziwitso, luso ndi zolinga.
8. Mwinamwake, koma sakufuna - luso labwino ndi chidziwitso, koma mphamvu yochepa.
9. Angathe ndipo amafuna - ndi luso la luso ndi zolinga zili pamlingo wapamwamba.