Nyama ndi gwero lofunikira la mapuloteni mu zakudya zathu. Nyama ya nyama zosiyana zimakonzedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, ndipo nthawi yokonzekera, moyenera, imafuna zosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, nkhuku nyama imakonzedwa mofulumira, njuchi imaphika kwambiri. Chabwino, tsopano tikukuuzani momwe mungaphikire nkhumba, kuti nyama ndi msuzi zikhale zokoma kwambiri.
Kodi ndizingati kuphika nkhumba ndi supu?
Ndi zochuluka bwanji kuphika msuzi ku nkhumba, kotero kuti msuzi ndi wokoma ndipo nyama ndi yofewa? Nkhumba yophikidwa mofulumira kwambiri. Koma zimadalira kukula kwa nyama zomwe zakonzedwa kuti ziphike. Ngati mukufuna kuphika nyama yambiri, ndiye kuti mutenga maola 1 mpaka 2. Ngati nthawi yayitali, nyama imadulidwa muzing'ono, kotero nthawi yophika imachepetsedwa. Wiritsani nkhumba ndi yosavuta - yikani nyama yosambitsidwa m'madzi ozizira ndikubweretsa ku chithupsa. Msuzi utayamba kuwira, chotsani chithovu pa chithovu, kuchepetsa moto ndi kuwiritsa nyama mpaka okonzeka. Kukonzekera kwa nyama kumayang'aniridwa ndi kukupyola ndi mpeni - ngati madzi achinsinsi amadziwika bwino, ndiye nyama yatha. Choncho imakhala ndi imvi, yopanda kuwala. Nyama yokonzeka iyenera kukhala yofatsa ndi yofewa. Pambuyo pake, ikhoza kutulutsidwa, ndipo msuzi imayika zosakaniza za supu ndikuphika molingana ndi chizolowezi chozolowezi.
Kodi ndizingati kuphika nkhumba pa fupa?
Kuti mupeze msuzi wokoma, zimalimbikitsidwa kuika nyama m'madzi ozizira - pamene nyama ikuwotcha ndi yophika, nyama idzapereka makhalidwe ake onse pamadzi, motero, msuzi adzakhala wokoma kwambiri. Ngati tikufuna zambiri kuti tisunge kukoma kwa nyama, ndi bwino kuika m'madzi otentha. Ndipo momwe kuphika nyama ndi msuzi chokoma? Pachifukwa ichi, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito nyama pfupa. Sambani nyama pamphongo mu chokopa, kutsanulira madzi ozizira. Madzi atangotuluka, timachotsa chithovu, kuchepetsa kutentha ndikuphika mpaka nyama yofewa. Zimatenga maola 1.5-2. Mphindi 10-15 mapeto asanathe kuphika nyama ikhoza kukhala mchere. Izi ndizomwe nyamayi idzakhala yowonongeka. Yankho la funso la kuchuluka kwa kuphika nkhumba mpaka okonzeka, lidalira kukula kwa nyama, komanso ngati nyama yachinyamatayo kapena yachinyama mumagwiritsa ntchito.
Kodi kuphika nkhumba?
Nanga ndi motani kuti muphike nkhumba nyama, tafotokozera kale, koma pali mfundo zingapo zomwe muyenera kuziganizira. Tanena kale kuti mukhoza kuphika m'njira ziwiri - kuika nyama m'madzi ozizira ndi otentha. Koma pakadalibe kumvetsetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi. Nyama yosambitsidwa imayenera kutsukidwa mafilimu ndikukhala ndi kutsanulira ndi madzi kuti iphimbe nyama basi. Madziwo ataphika, mukhoza kuwonjezera zonunkhira. Kuti muchepetse mafuta a nyama, ndi bwino kuti muwonjezere mtsempha, marjoram kapena rosemary kumadzi. Kuwonjezera madzi pophika sikuvomerezedwa, kuti asasokoneze kukoma kwa msuzi. Ngati mapeto akatha kuphika nyama kwa mphindi 10 mutsekedwa, zidzakhala zokoma komanso zokoma.
Kodi ndizingati kuphika nkhumba?
Chilled ndi chakudya chokoma cha Russian. Nkhumba ndi yabwino kwambiri yokonzekera. Kaŵirikaŵiri amagwiritsa ntchito nkhumba ulamuliro ndi chidutswa cha zamkati. Choyamba muzidula nyama mu magawo awiri, kenako zilowerereni m'madzi ozizira kwa maola 2-3. Ndipo mukhoza kuwuwaza ndi madzi otentha ndikupita kukagona m'madzi mpaka utacha.
Ndiye mosamala muyeretseni ndi mpeni. Lembani gudumu ndi madzi (makilogalamu 1 pafupifupi 2.5 malita a madzi), apo timayika chidutswa cha nkhumba. Bweretsani ku chithupsa, monga zithupsa zamadzi, kuchotsani chithovu, ndikupangitsani moto pang'ono momwe mungathere (kutentha sikuyenera kuonekeratu). Muzojambula izi, yophika nyama kwa maola 5-6, nthawi ndi nthawi ngati msuzi sutentha kwambiri. Maola 5 kuchokera pa kuyamba kuphika, kuwonjezera pa anyezi mutu, tsabola, bay leaf. Tawonani, ngati mutaphika madzi ochulukirapo, mukhoza kukwera pamwamba pa madzi otentha, koma osati zochulukirapo - osati kuposa buku loyambirira. Onetsani mchere kuti mulawe ndi kuphika kwa ola limodzi. Ndiyeno nyamayo imadulidwa mu zidutswa, imayikidwa muzitsulo ndikuitsanulira ndi msuzi wothira.