Malinga ndi mtundu wa mayiko osiyanasiyana, mtunduwu umakhala mowa mwauchidakwa womwe umapangidwa ndi zipangizo zamakono zomwe zimachokera kuzipangizo za vinyo za mitundu ina ya mphesa m'madera omwe ali m'dera la Poitou-Charentes, dera la Charentes ku France, komwe kumapezeka mzinda wa Cognac. kumene dzina linachokera).
Zakumwa zina zonse zofanana, kuphatikizapo zomwe zakonzedwa kuchokera ku vinyo wamphesa, zimatchedwa brandies.
Ku USSR, ndipo kenako ku Russia ndi mayiko ena a malo a Soviet, palinso kumvetsetsa nkhaniyi komanso kumachitapo kanthu GOST R 51618-2009 kwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa zotchedwa "Russian Cognac". Malingana ndi mafotokozedwe apadera a GOST, mankhwala opangidwa ndi vinyo omwe ali ndi kachigawo kakang'ono ka ethyl mowa si ochepera 40.0%. Ndipo mizimu ya cognac imapezedwa ndi njira ya fractionated distillation kuchokera ku vinyo zipangizo (vinyo wamphesa) ndi okalamba mu migodi ya thundu kwa zaka zitatu.
Tifunika kumvetsetsa, tikufuna kumwa mowa womwe uli pafupi kwambiri ndi "Gogoda ya Russian" GOST, yomwe ikufotokozedwa muzochitika zamakono.
Momwe mungapangire njoka yamkono yokometsetsa yokometsetsa kunyumba kwa kogogo?
Kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, timafunikira vinyo, omwe amatanthauza vinyo wophika, omwe adakhetsedwa opanda shuga masiku 40. Vinyo woyera bwino kapena pinki, ngakhale kuti zingakhale zosangalatsa zosankha komanso ndi vinyo wakuda.
Kukonzekera kwa vinyo
Madzi a mphesa amathiridwa mu mbiya zamatabwa ndi kusindikizidwa ndi choyimitsa kapena kutsanulira m'mabotolo a magalasi (kusiya malo pang'ono), kutseka ndi kuchotsa chubu chokhazikika, chomwe chimatha kulowa mumadzi (chotchedwa madzi kutseka). Muyizidwe ndi magalasi oika magalasi muyike chubu pa tsiku la 2-3, pamene madzi adzalitsa. Pambuyo pa masiku 40 tili ndi vinyo, chotsani mosamala ndi yisiti mothandizidwa ndi chubu, ndipo ikhoza kusungunuka.
Kukonzekera kwa distillate
Kutenga distillate kuchokera ku vinyo ndibwino kupyolera mu zipangizo ndi zigawo zamkuwa. Chipangizo choyambirira cha distillate chomwe chimapezeka ndi kachilombo kawiri - tsopano tili ndi mankhwala oyambirira a "cognac". Zingakhale zabwino, ndithudi, kupatsako distillate kuwonjezera kuyeretsa (mpweya + kusungunula).
Kukonzekera kwa nyumba "cognac"
Timayesa ndi alcoholometer mphamvu ya opezeka vinyo distillate wa kawiri kuyeretsa. Ngati mankhwala oledzera a ethyl ndi apamwamba kuposa 43% - onetsetsani ndi madzi osapangidwe a chlorinated mpaka 40% mpaka 43%. Tsopano lembani distillate mu mzere wokhala ndi mtengo wamtengo wapatali. Choyamba ndikofunika kukonzekera mbiya: kutsanulira madzi mmenemo ndikuugwiritsanso masiku angapo, kuyisangalatsa, ndikutsanulira madzi.
Timasunga kegs wodzaza m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba ndi chinyezi chinyezi, nthawi zonse kutembenukira, kwa zaka zosachepera zaka zitatu. Ngati mudikira zaka 2-3, zotsatirazo zidzakhala zosangalatsa kwambiri, makamaka, motalika, bwino. Ngati mulibe zikhomo kapena m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba kapena simukufuna kusokoneza ndi barre, mukhoza kutsanulira distillate mumabotolo a magalasi ndikuika muzitsulo za oak zouma - zimapatsa mtundu ndi kukoma. Mabotolo amafunikira ndithu, osindikizidwa kwambiri.
Kuti mupange mofulumizitsa njoka zam'mimba, mmalo mwa timitengo ta oki, tanikeni thumba la thundu mu botolo ndikudzaza ndi distillate yokonzeka (onani pamwambapa). Pa chips, ndondomeko yolimbikira idzafulumira - mudzawona mwa mtundu. Mukufuna ngakhale mofulumira - gwiritsani ntchito chitsulo cha oak, ndiye kuti m'pofunikira kuyesa, pogwiritsa ntchito mafyuluta ogwira mtima.
M'madera ambiri a malo a Soviet, kumene mphesa sizikulimidwa, anthu amasangalala ndi maphikidwe ophweka popanga "cognac" yopangidwa ndi nyumba kuchokera ku mionshine (kawirikawiri tirigu, nthawizina zipatso kapena masamba).
Pazochitikazi, timachita mofanana ndi mphesa moonshine (onani pamwambapa). Chotsatiracho, ndithudi, chidzakhala chosiyana kwambiri, komabe chifukwa chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi oak chips kapena chips, moonshine ndi, mwanjira inayake, ennobled ndi kupeza zowonjezera zizindikiro kukoma. Zotsatira zabwino zingapezeke ndi mwezi kuchokera ku zipangizo zopangira zipatso. Mwa njira, kugwiritsa ntchito utuchi wa utuchi kumakhalanso pamodzi, iwo amatolera mafuta a mafuta.
Chabwino, ndi lamulo lalikulu lophika zakumwa zoledzeretsa kunyumba: tengani nthawi yanu ndikuchita zonse mosamala, ndiye zotsatira zidzakondweretsa inu, zoweta, ndipo mwinamwake, mumadabwa alendo anu.