Shiitake mu Chijapani amatanthawuza "bowa kumera pamtengo wa shia". Dzina lachilatini la bowa ili ndi Lentinula edodes. Mofanana ndi bowa zonse (timawasonkhanitsa m'nkhalango, koma nthawi zambiri simukumbukira kuti nkhungu ndi bowa, sitimakumbukira kawirikawiri), shiitake imatanthawuza za basidiomycetes - bowa, omwe ali ndi chida chapadera chomwe spores zimakula - basidia.
Chakudya, kapu imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, chifukwa mwendo uli wolimba komanso wolimba. Bowa ameneŵa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kumapiri akummawa, ndipo posachedwa iwo agonjetsa mikanda ya ku Ulaya. Komabe, nthawi zambiri, ngati zowawa zakuda (zomwe zimatchedwanso shiitake) zimapezeka m'masitolo a ku Ulaya ndi ku Russia, makamaka zimayidwa, ngakhale kuti zimakhala zosavuta kumangika.
Shiitake - zabwino ndi zoipa
Nkhumba zakuda sizigwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika zophika m'mayiko akum'maiko akutali, komanso mu mankhwala achi China ndi Japan. Zipangizo zogwiritsira ntchito bowa la shiitake zimadziwika ndi ochiritsa ngakhale panthawi ya ulamuliro wa Ming Dynasty (1368-1644 AD), ndiye amakhulupirira kuti bowa ichi chikulitsa achinyamata, kumawonjezera mphamvu zofunikira, kuyeretsa magazi. Ochiritsa a ku China ankagwiritsira ntchito pa matenda a pamtunda wakupuma, matenda a chiwindi, kusagonana. Pakalipano, kugwiritsa ntchito bowa la shiitake kwa thupi la munthu kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kafukufuku wa sayansi a asayansi a ku Japan. Choncho ku Yunivesite ya Purdue (Tokyo) mu 1969, Dr. Ikekawa adapeza ntchito yopangira madzi ya shiitake, yomwe adayidwira m'magulu omwe ali ndi kachirombo ka sarcoma. Poyesedwa kuchokera ku bowa wakuda, polysaccharide, yotchedwa lentinine (yochokera ku dzina lachilatini dzina lake shiitake), idalipatali. Pakalipano, lentinan ndi chakudya chokhazikika chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popewera ndi kuchiza matenda opatsirana.
Kuphatikiza pa zochitika zowononga zotupa, bowa la shiitake liri ndi mapuloteni ambiri, ololera ku mapangidwe awo a amino acid, mwinamwake, kokha ku bowa zoyera. Komabe, zomwe zili mu vitamini D shiitake ndi ngwazi yosatsutsika - mu bowa lakuda la vitamini iyi sichiposa chiwindi cha cod.
Zoona, tiyenera kutchula kuti, ngakhale phindu lonse limene shiitake lingabweretse thupi la munthu, silikuvomerezeka kuti ligwiritsidwe ntchito ndi amayi omwe ali ndi pakati ndi ana osapitirira asanu. Komanso, ziyenera kupeŵa. Shiitake ikhoza kuyambitsa matenda aakulu.