Mvula yowonjezera, yozizira kwambiri komanso yowonjezera. Mame a August, omwe anagwidwa ndi kusankha kumayambiriro kwa zaka za 2000, anapeza chikondi ndi kutchuka pakati pa wamaluwa. Kalasiyi ndi yoyenera kwa mafakitale onse komanso kukula kwa ziwembu zapakhomo.
Grusha The Augustow mame ndi khalidwe
Pofotokoza peyala zosiyanasiyana, mame a Augustow amatha kusiyanitsa zinthu zotsatirazi:
- mkulu;
- luso lolimbana ndi chilala;
- kudzichepetsa mu chisamaliro;
- kuwonjezeka, zokolola zolimba;
- kukana matenda;
- kukoma kokoma ndi kowawasa, juiciness ndi fungo la zipatso;
- kukula msanga kwa mtengo, kusamba msanga.
Mame a Augusta ndi a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chilimwe, yochokera ku kuwoloka kwa mapepala apamwamba a Australia omwe amapereka "Peumph Pakgama" komanso "Chikondi" chopanda matenda. Mitengo ya mitengoyi ndi yaing'ono, korona wa mediumening thickening, zipatso zosalala, zonyezimira khungu kumbali imodzi, masekeli 100 mpaka 200 magalamu.
Peyala nthawi zambiri - zokolola
Amaluwa odziwa zambiri, pofotokoza peyala monga mame a Augustow, pakati pa ubwino wake wosadziwika amatchedwa kuthekera kubereka zokolola zambiri, zomwe zimakula ndi msinkhu wa mtengo. Ngakhale zokolola zoyambirira zimachokera ku makilogalamu 15 mpaka 20, malinga ndi lamulo la kubzala ndi kuyamwitsa likuwonetsedwa, ndi zotsatira zake - chitukuko chawo champhamvu. Zokolola zazikuluzikuluzi kalasiyi zikhoza kubweretsa, ngati pafupi ndi izo kubzala mitundu yokhala ndi ubwamuna, ndi nthawi yomwe maluwa amatha.
Peyala Augustow mame - kutalika kwa mtengo
Mapeyala osiyanasiyana The Augusta mame ali pansi, osapitirira mamita atatu mu msinkhu, koma pa nthawi yomweyo ndi kukula mofulumira, kukhala ndi nthambi zamphamvu, zokhoma. Kukula kwa mitengo kumakhala kofunika nthawi zonse, zomwe zidzalola kuti muyambe kukula ndi kukula kwake. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, ndondomeko yochepetsera imachitika mutabzala mbande, kuchepetsa nthambiyo ndi 30%. Chifukwa cha kutalika kwake kwa peyala, mame a Augusta nthawi zambiri amakula, pakhomo pang'ono zing'onozing'ono komanso m'minda yayikulu yambiri.
Kodi mame a Augusta amayamba kubala chipatso?
Kupereka zizindikiro za mame a Augusta, wina sangathe kunyalanyaza khalidwe, monga kubereka koyambirira. Mitengo ya zosiyanasiyana izi zimayamba kubzala kwa zaka 3-4 mutabzala mbande. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imapindulitsa kwambiri, fruiting ndi nthawi zonse, makamaka ngati mtengo umabzalidwa pafupi ndi chilengedwe chake. Fruiting imayamba kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa August ndipo imatha mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa September, malingana ndi nyengo, kuchuluka kwa zokolola kumafikira mazana awiri pa hekita imodzi.
Kubzala peyala mu August mame
Peyala mbande ziyenera kubzalidwa mu August mame mu nthaka yotentha, chitani kumayambiriro kwa nyundo kapena kumapeto kwa masika. Posankha malo oti mubzala mbande, ganizirani zinthu zingapo zomwe zikufunika kuti kukula kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ikhalepo, ndikuchita zinthu zina:
- Malowo ayenera kuyatsa bwino, kupezeka kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa, opanda mphamvu;
- nthaka imasankha loamy kapena mchenga-chernozem, yokhala ndi ngalande yabwino, pamwamba pa phiri, chifukwa peyala mitundu ya Augustow mame salola kulephera kwa madzi pansi;
- chifukwa chodzala, tenga 1-2 mbande za chilimwe ndi mizu yabwino;
- mu dzenje la 50-70 cm kuya, mugwiritsire ntchito feteleza (kavalo humus, potaziyamu, niter), ngati nthaka yayamba, yikani ndi miyala yamwala;
- Lembetsani mizu ya mbeuyo mudothi lokhala ndi dongo, humus ndi superphosphate, kenaka muwafalikire ndi kuika mtengo mumatope, kuti muzu wa muzu uli 6-7 masentimita pamwamba pa nthaka;
- Fukuzani nyemba ndi nthaka, mopepuka pondani, ikani nkhono pambali pake, tani mtengo;
- Chodzala mbande zingapo pafupi, chokani mtunda wa mamita 4 pakati pawo.
Mitundu yambiri ya mapeyala Augustow mame - chisamaliro
Kuchokera kusamalidwa bwino kwa mbande kumadalira chitukuko china ndi fruiting, izi zimathandizidwa ndi nthawi yoyenerera komanso yokwanira yogwiritsira ntchito agrotechnical miyeso, yomwe imatsimikiziridwa mu njira zotsatirazi:
- Kuthirira. Pakati pa mvula, mitengo yachikulire imamwe madzi kamodzi pa sabata, mu July ndi August - kawirikawiri, kumapeto kwa August, kuthirira kwaimitsidwa. M'zaka zowuma komanso chaka choyamba chitatha, dothi liyenera kukonzedwa 3-5 nthawi pamwezi.
- Kupaka pamwamba. Kuchuluka kwa feteleza kumapangidwa malingana ndi nthaka, pamene mukuyenera kudziwa kuti feteleza wambiri, komanso kachilomboka, zingayambitse kufa kwa mtengo. Pa dothi lokhala ndi mame osiyanasiyana a Augustow, feteleza yowonjezera ikhoza kuchitidwa kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri, osapindula - chaka ndi chaka.
- Kudulira. Njira yoyenera yomwe kukula ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa korona kumadalira pa cholinga chake ndi kukhalabe ndi malo abwino a ukhondo wa peyala. Pa kudulira, nthambi zowonongeka ndi zouma zimachotsedwa, ndi zomwe zimawombera korona. Kupanga nthambi yachiwiri ya nthambi zomwe zimapanga mafupa a mtengo, mphukira zimachepetsedwa ndi kotala.
Zowonongeka za mitundu yosiyanasiyana zingathe kukhala chifukwa cha msinkhu wake wozizira, choncho, kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa kukolola kwa peyala, mvula ya Augustow, yabwino pollinator ndi "Memory of Yakovleva" zosiyanasiyana. Mitengo yomwe imalimbikitsidwa kuti zitsuke mitundu yosiyanasiyana iyenera kuyesedwa pafupi, izi zidzatsimikizira kuti sizing'onozing'ono zokolola, komanso chipatso chabwino kwambiri cha chipatsocho, zidzakhala zazikulu, zokoma komanso zokondweretsa.
Peyala Augustow mame - matenda ndi tizilombo toononga
Mafotokozedwe a pear osiyanasiyana Mawindo a Augustow amasonyeza kuti akhoza kukhala ndi matenda a mitengo osiyanasiyana, khalidwe lake, matenda ndi tizilombo toonongeka, taganizirani zazikuluzikuluzi:
- Khansara yakuda. Mawonetseredwe mwa mawonekedwe a ming'alu ndi mabala akuwoneka pa khungwa, ndipo pa madontho ofiira ophulika amapangidwa. Chotsani malo okhudzidwa pa thunthu, chotsani zipatso zakuda ndi masamba, magawo odulidwa ndi mkuwa sulphate.
- Powdery mildew. Chotsani masamba ndi maluwa omwe akukhudzidwa, kuphulika koluluidal sulfuri ndi madzi mtengo wokonzedwa.
- Zipatso zowola. Zipatso zimafota ndi kugwa. Mtengo ukutengedwa ndi "Oxis", mutatha maluwa.
- Kukoka kwa tizilombo. N'zotheka kuti masamba, ndiye mtengo wonse, adzauma. Chitsime chiyenera kupangidwa ndi "Nitrafen", "Agravertin" kapena "Kinmix".