Imodzi mwa mbewu zakuda zamasamba ndi anyezi. Anayamba kulima zaka zoposa 5,000 zapitazo. Zonse m'nyengo yachilimwe ndi m'nyengo yozizira mukhoza kugula zowonjezera izi mu sitolo kapena pamsika. Koma kukoma kwake sikungathe kuyerekezera ndi zitsamba zokha zokha. Ambiri adzakhala okondwa kuphunzira momwe angamerere anyezi pawindo.
Kodi mungabzala bwanji anyezi kunyumba?
Kukula anyezi kunyumba, mutha kukhala otsimikiza kuti palibe mankhwala ndi zinthu zina zoyipa mmenemo. Pa nthawi iliyonse mungatenge mafuta atsopano ndikugwiritsa ntchito kuphika. Ndipo machiritso a anyezi amadziwika kwa aliyense. Chifukwa cha mavitamini ndi kufufuza zinthu izi zokometsetsazi zingathe kuchepetsa kuperewera kwa vitamini, kumapangitsa kuti chimbudzi chikhale bwino komanso kumalimbitsa chitetezo chokwanira. Pali njira ziwiri zokulitsira anyezi wobiriwira pawindo: pansi ndi m'madzi.
Anyezi ku mbewu za nyumba pawindo
Pangani nyumba ya mbewu anyezi pawindo pansi pa mphamvu ya aliyense. Komabe, pofesa kukolola kokolola koyamba kumatenga pafupifupi theka ndi hafu kwa miyezi iwiri. Ngati mudasankha kukula masamba awa okometsera "kuyambira pachiyambi", ndiye mukufunika kugula mabulosi akutchire - amatchedwa mbewu yaing'ono ya anyezi, yomwe ili ndi mtundu wakuda. Agule bwino mu sitolo yapadera, ngakhale kuti mungathe kukumana nawo pamsika.
Mbewu ya anyezi imathiridwa usiku wonse m'madzi. Usiku wotsatira - mu njira ya potaziyamu permanganate pinki. Pambuyo potsatira njirayi, mukhoza kupita ku mbewu. Njira yabwino ndikukula mbeu ya anyezi mu chisakanizo cha zigawo ziwiri za kokonati ndi gawo limodzi la biogumos. Pansi pa thanki, madzi akuyenera kuikidwa nthawi zonse. Dothi lokwera liri ndi nthaka. Mbewu imasindikizidwa ku kuya kwa masentimita 2-3. Poto ndi mbeu ziyenera kuikidwa ndi cellophane. Kutentha kumayenera kukhazikika mkati mwa 18-25 ° C.
Pambuyo pa masabata awiri padzakhala mphukira ya anyezi. Panthawiyi, malo ogona ayenera kuchotsedwa ndipo kutentha kumatsikira mpaka 12-18 ° C. M'mwezi woyamba, mphukira ya anyezi idzakula pang'onopang'ono. M'nyengo yozizira, ndi zofunika kugwiritsa ntchito backlight kuti nthawi yaitali ikhale yaitali kwa maola angapo. Muyenera kuthirira madziwo mosamala. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kungachepetse kuti usadutse zomera zofooka.
Anyezi pawindo - kubzala mababu
Mukufuna kuphunzira kuyala uta pawindo? Pezani zonunkhira pakhomo kungakhale njira ina - kubzala babu. Pankhaniyi, anyezi adzakhala wokonzeka kudula masabata awiri. Kubzala mababu muyenera kusankha yaing'ono kukula, popanda zokopa ndi zina zolakwika. Choyamba iwo amathiridwa maminiti 20. m'madzi pamtentha wa pafupifupi 50 ° C. Nthaka pansi pa mababu ayenera kukhala omasuka ndi yachonde. Bzalani mababu kuti pansi ndi mizu ya mtsogolo ikhale pansi, ndipo ambiri a iwo - kunja.
Mafuta anyezi obiriwira angapezedwe mosamala ndi zomera:
- kulitsa mababu bwino;
- kuthirira madzi madzi kutentha, nthawi zonse masana;
- dothi sayenera kukhala madzi kuti asawononge maonekedwe a zowola;
- kutentha kwakukulu kwa mpweya kumachepetsa kukula kwa anyezi;
- Musadule nthenga zoyamba za anyezi, chifukwa izi zingathe kuletsa kukula kwa babu.
- monga lamulo, khalani anyezi pawindo motere ndi kotheka kwa miyezi iwiri. Pambuyo pake, masambawa amakhala osasangalatsa komanso osakhala amchere.
Kodi mungakonde bwanji anyezi wobiriwira pawindo?
Popeza anyezi ndi chomera cha photophilic, kukula kwa anyezi pawindo ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yowonjezeramo masambawa. Pofuna kukakamiza anyezi ku nthenga, imabzalidwa mu Januwale, chifukwa mpaka nthawiyi mababu amakhala. Ngati mukufuna kutengera gome la Chaka chatsopano, zokolola ziyenera "kudzutsidwa" pasadakhale. Pali njira zingapo izi:
- Popeza mababu akugwa ayenera kusungidwa m'firiji kapena m'chipinda choziziritsa kukhosi.
- Musanabzala, nsonga za mababu zimadulidwa, koma ngati zikumera, sizikhudzidwa. Njirayi idzawonjezera kuchuluka kwa nthenga zobiriwira.
- Kumera mwamsanga kumalimbikitsidwa ndi ukalamba wa mababu mu malo amtunda mpaka ming'oma ikupangidwira pazitsulo, zomwe zimayambira mizu.
Lembani mu mphika pawindo - nthaka
Pofuna kukula anyezi pawindo pa nthaka, nkofunika kusamalira nthaka kusakaniza kale. Kuwongolera, kuchotsedwa m'mundawu, uyenera kutenthedwa mu uvuni kuti ukhale ndi matenda ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndikuwatsanulira ndi njira yothetsera potassium permanganate. Kukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka kungagulitsenso pa sitolo yapadera. Mphamvu yakukula anyezi sayenera kukhala yopanda pake. Ziyenera kukhala ndi mabowo a madzi omwe amathiridwa madzi. Pokhala ndi zida ziwiri kapena zitatu ndi mababu obzala mwa iwo ndi kusiyana kwa masiku 7-10, mukhoza kukolola anyezi m'njira yoyendetsa.
Mmene mungakulire uta pawindo - kuthirira
Kukulitsa anyezi pawindo pawindo, simungakhoze kuiwala za madzi ake okwanira nthawi zonse. Pochita izi, gwiritsani ntchito madzi ofunda pang'ono. Mukhoza kuthirira mababu ndi madzi amvula kapena kusungunula madzi. Ngati mukulitsa anyezi pawindo la chilimwe, mukhoza kudula nthenga zobiriwira. Onetsetsani kuti chinyezi sichipezeka molunjika ku mababu, ngati sichikhoza kuvunda. Pofuna kuteteza mbale kuchoka pamoto, mukhoza kuigundira ndi zojambulazo.
Kodi kudyetsa anyezi pawindo?
Ambiri amafunitsitsa kukula anyezi popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zovala zapamwamba. Komabe, eni ake ali ndi chidwi ndi funso la momwe angameretse anyezi wobiriwira pawindo. Pochita izi, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ovuta, omwe ali ndi NPK ya 10-10-10. Zovala zapamwamba ziyenera kuchepetsedwa malinga ndi malangizo ndi ntchito, osapitirira mlingo. Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito, madziwa amalowetsedwa mu sirinji ndipo amalowetsedwa m'nthaka.
Anyezi pawindo pa chisanu - kuunikira
Ngati mukufuna kuphunzira momwe mungamerere anyezi wobiriwira pawindo pa nthawi yozizira, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti tsiku lowala panthawiyi ndi lalifupi. Choncho, kuti bwino kulima zokometsera masamba, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito nyali yapadera ndi nyali za fulorosenti. Kuwala kwachilengedwe kungapangidwe mwa kukhazikitsa magalasi apamwamba ndi apamwamba kumbali zonse zawindo. Adzasonyeza kuwala kwa dzuwa ndikuwatsogolera ku anyezi okula.
Gwadirani pawindo - malingaliro
Kuwongolera anyezi wobiriwira pawindo ndi ntchito yothandiza ndi yochititsa chidwi. Ndiponsotu, popanda kuchoka panyumba, mungathe kuchotsa masamba obiriwira nthawi iliyonse. Kuwonjezera pa kulima kwachikhalidwe m'dzikomo, pali zifukwa zambiri zodziwira momwe mungamere anyezi kunyumba pakhomo. Pogwiritsira ntchito, mukhoza kupanga bedi loyambirira mukakonchini wanu, lomwe lidzapindula ndipo lidzakhala lokongoletsera kwambiri chipinda.
Momwe mungakulire uta pawindo la madzi?
Tinaphunzira kulima anyezi pawindo la pansi, koma mukhoza kutero m'madzi. Sankhani mababu ophatikizana, onetsetsani pa mamba apamwamba. Ngati palibe mphukira, dulani pamwamba pa babu ndi 1.5 masentimita. Ikani mababu okonzeka kumalo osaya, ndikuwaika pafupi. Lembani mababu ndi madzi otentha kwa kotala la kukula kwake ndikuyika chidebe pamutu. Pamene msinkhu wamadzi umachepa, m'pofunikira kuwatsanulira pogwiritsa ntchito pampu yolimba.
Kukulitsa anyezi m'madzi pawindo kungakhale mu magalasi kapena mbiya zing'onozing'ono. Konzani babu, monga kale, ndiyeno aliyense atseke pakutha. Ngati babu ndi yaying'ono kusiyana ndi kutalika kwa chikho, mukhoza kudula bwalo kuchokera ku makatoni ndi dzenje pakati, kuliyika mu chidebe, ndikuyika babu pamwamba. Madzi ayenera kutsanulidwa kwambiri mpaka pansi pa anyezi kokha kokha kubisika pansi pa madzi. Nkofunika, anathira madzi ndikudikirira zokolola.
Anyezi mu utuchi pawindo
Kukulitsa anyezi pawindo pa utuchi wa dzuwa kumakhala pafupi sikumasiyana ndi teknoloji pansi. Chiwombankhanga chidzakwaniritsa chirichonse, kupatula coniferous, chomwe chidzapereka masamba osasangalatsa pambuyo pake. Musanadzalemo, nkhuni zonyansa ziyenera kutayika ndi madzi otentha. Pambuyo pa kuzizira, madzi owonjezera ayenera kuthiridwa ndi kuikidwa pa gawo lapansi. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti utuchi wa madzi amathira madzi, kotero kuthirira kwawo kuyenera kukhala pang'onopang'ono komanso pang'onopang'ono. Apo ayi, chinyezi chidzasungunuka mofulumira.
Anyezi mu botolo pawindo
Njira ina yosangalatsa, momwe mungamerezere uta mu nyumba ndikugwiritsa ntchito botolo la pulasitiki. Njirayi imafuna mphamvu ya 3-5 malita. Mu botolo, dulani khosi kuti babu ifike mosavuta mu dzenje. Pamphepete mwa chidebe timapanga mabowo ang'onoang'ono m'mimba mwake: kuweramira mmenemo sikuyenera kudutsa. Dulani dzenje lotsatira, onetsetsani kuti mukuyesa babu yomwe ikuyenera kukula kwake. Kenaka, pansi pa botolo, timadzaza nthaka pansi ndi dzenje lakuya.
Timayika mababuwo m'mayenje ndi m'mimba, komanso kukula - kunja. Pang'onopang'ono akugona ndi malo awo. Kuthirira ndi kubzala uku kumachitika ndi kusanjikiza ndi wosanjikiza. Pamene mababu onse aikidwa m'mayenje, ndipo chidebecho chimadzazidwa ndi dothi, khosi la botolo likhoza kubwezedwa pamalo ake oyambirira kapena bulbu yotsiriza ikhoza kubzalidwa kuchokera pamwamba. Chidebecho chiyenera kuikidwa pamphuno.
Tinaphunzira kukula anyezi pawindo la botolo. Mmalo mwa nthaka mu chidebe cha pulasitiki, inu mukhoza kuyika utuchi, vermiculite , mapepala apopipala, pepala lakumbudzi. M'madera amenewa sipadzakhalanso midges ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Ubwino winanso wa njirayi ndi wakuti pang'onoing'ono mungathe kukulapo zipatso zazikulu kuposa njira zamakono.