Zimakhulupirira kuti kusamalira cacti sikumayambitsa mavuto, chifukwa zomera ndizodzichepetsa. Koma zidziwitso zina zokhudza kulima chomera zimayenera kupangidwa kuti zikhale zathanzi. Cactus ikhoza ngakhale kusangalatsa ndi maluwa okongola - ndipo ichi chiyenera kukhala ndi chidwi choyenera.
Kubzala cacti
Mwachilendo cacti chirichonse chiri chokongola - mawonekedwe abwino, chovala cha singano, kukongola kwa maluwa. Chomeracho ndi chokoma - chimaphatikiza chinyezi mu tsinde. Kwa cactus kubzala ndi kusamalira kunyumba, ndikofunika kusankha mphamvu yakukula. Chombocho chiyenera kulembetsa bwinobwino mizu ya maluwa. Chomera chochepa chimafuna mphika wotsika, ndi subspecies ndi mizu yachitsulo - mbale zakuya. Malo abwino kwambiri oti muike kachipusiti ndiwindo lazenera lawindo lowala kwambiri. Kudyetsa chikhalidwe:
- chombocho chiyenera kukhala ndi mabowo kukhetsa madzi;
- Mtsinje ndilofunika kwambiri chodzala, mlingo wa wosanjikiza uyenera kukhala wa 1/3 wa kutalika kwa mphika;
- Nthaka yomwe ili m'chombo imayikidwa pamtunda mozama kuposa kukula kwa mizu ya cactus;
- Thunthu imayikidwa mu mphika kuti maziko ake akhale pamzere wa chotengera;
- mu malo awa, chiphalacho chimasungidwa, kukonkhetsa cinder kuzungulira chigawochi;
- Mitundu yaitali imatha kumangirizidwa ku chithandizo;
- Kupatsa chikhalidwe kumapangidwa kumayambiriro kwa nyengo (April), ngati mphika wa zokoma uli wochepa kwambiri. Mbewu zazing'ono zimaikidwa kamodzi pachaka, zakale - zaka zingapo;
- mutabzala chomeracho sichimwe madzi ndi kutsukidwa ku dzuwa.
Dothi lodzala cacti
Kusakaniza kokongola kwa nthaka, mchenga wa mtsinje, peat ndi makala omwe ali ofanana kwambiri zimagwirizana bwino kwambiri. Kwa cacti, malo oti mubzala ayenera kukhala omasuka, alowe m'madzi ndi mpweya, ndipo mukhale ndi mphamvu yochepa yowonongeka (pH = 4.5-6). Mchenga umapangitsa dziko kukhala losavuta, ndi peat - limawonjezera pH mlingo. Ndiyeneranso kugwiritsa ntchito gawo lapaderadera la cacti kuchokera ku dipatimenti ya maluwa. Mitundu yambiri yomwe imakhala ndi mphepo zamphamvu zimalimbikitsa kuwonjezera mazira a dzira pansi.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji mankhwalawa?
Kusamalira cacti kumapereka madzi okwanira bwino, kumamatira kutentha kwa nyengo nthawi zosiyanasiyana za chitukuko, feteleza, chitetezo ku matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zonsezi zikulamulidwa motsatira nyengoyi. Komanso, kuyang'anira chipinda cha cactus pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala kumathandiza kwambiri. Zimakhudza zokongoletsera za zomera ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zakudya zamagulu. Kupanda kuunikira kumabweretsa kusintha ndi kusapititsa patsogolo kwa zimayambira, kupitirira - kuoneka ngati pinki pamagalimoto.
Kusamalira cacti m'chilimwe
Ndikusamala mosamala za cacti ndikofunikira kulingalira kuti pakukula kwa chitsamba pali magawo awiri: yogwira zomera (March-September, kukula kumapezeka) ndi nthawi yopuma yozizira (mwezi wa October-February, kuchepa kwa thupi kumakhala kochepa). Kodi mungasamalire bwanji nkhalango m'chilimwe:
- kutentha kosangalatsa kwa zomwe zili + 26-28 ° C;
- Kuunikira - m'mawa ndi madzulo dzuwa lopanda mthunzi. M'nyengo yotentha, chitsamba chimaphimbidwa pang'ono;
- M'chilimwe, zomera zimatha kusungidwa pa khonde - zimakonda mpweya wabwino. Pakati pa osamba, mphika uli ndi filimu. Pamene kutentha kumatsikira ku 8 ° C, zomera zonse zimabweretsedwa m'chipinda;
- Ndibwino kuti mupange zitsanzo zazikulu m'munda mpaka August, kenako mubwere ku miphika;
Chisamaliro cha chilonda m'nyengo yozizira
Mu nyengo yozizira, zokoma zimapumula, panthawiyi ntchito yaikulu ndikuteteza kukula kwake, mwinamwake thunthu lidzatambasula ndi kutaya kukongola kwake. Kodi mungasamalire bwanji njuchi m'nyengo yozizira:
- Ulamuliro wa kutentha umasungidwa pa 15-18 ° C, kuthirira kuchepa;
- Zidzakhala bwino kuika miphika ndi zokometsera pawindo pakati pa mafelemu;
- M'nyengo yozizira ya cactuses ikusowa chifukwa cha kutentha kwa kutentha kwa nthunzi. Ngati chipinda chikuyaka, pafupi ndi chitsamba, muyenera kuwonjezera chinyezi - ikani chidebe ndi madzi pafupi;
- Kuwunikira m'nyengo yozizira kuyenera kuwonjezeka;
- Chomeracho chimakonda kukwera, koma sikuyenera kukhala pang'onopang'ono.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji mtundu wa cactus kotero kuti unasintha?
Zakudya zokometsera zokometsera zimatuluka pachimake kapena chilimwe. Mphukira yowala imayang'ana mwachindunji pa mitengo ikuluikulu. Koma kuti chitsambacho chimakondwera ndi masamba okongola, ndikofunikira kusunga zinthu zina. Cacti - momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito chisamaliro choyenera, chomwe chidzatsogolera maluwa:
- Chinthu chachikulu ndikusunga nyengo yochepa kwambiri: kuthirira pang'ono, kuika pamalo otsika. Zima zimatha miyezi itatu;
- ndiye mphika umawonekera ku dzuwa, mlingo wa kutentha sayenera kukhala pansi + 20 ° C;
- chomeracho chimathiriridwa mochulukira ndipo chimamera;
- Ndibwino kuti muzitha kusamba chitsamba mumphika waukulu;
- kuthirira moyenera muyezo womwe umatuluka m'nyengo yozizira mpaka chirimwe ndi kukonkha chitsamba mu kutentha ndi zofunika zofunika maluwa;
- Chotsatira chake, nyamayi imayamba kukula mwamphamvu ndipo masamba omwe amadikira kwa nthawi yayitali amapangidwa.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji nyemba yamaluwa?
Maluwa anali opambana, ndipo ntchentche sinatayike masamba, ndikofunika kusunga zinthu zina. Pogwiritsa ntchito chisamaliro choyenera, zomera zimakondwera ndi rosettes chaka chilichonse. Chisamaliro cha mchere wamaluwa:
- Cacti ndi masamba sangathe kutembenuzidwa, mwinamwake maluwa amatha. Ma Rosettes amapangidwa pambali pamthunzi, kotero chikhalidwe ichi ndi chofunikira kuwona;
- ndi kuthirira mopitirira muyeso, maluwa amatha kukhala "ana", mopitirirabe kumira;
- M'chilimwe, chikhalidwe chiyenera kuperekedwa ndi mpweya wabwino. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kupita nawo ku khonde, poyang'ana kale lomwe mbali ya chitsamba iyenera kuyima dzuwa;
- pamene maluwa, epiphytic cactus nthawi zambiri amathirira madzi, ndipo nkhono imangoponyedwa;
- Ngati nthendayi yaphuka m'nyengo yozizira, sikuyenera kuwonjezeredwa, kuphatikizapo feteleza malinga ndi malamulo - kuyambira May mpaka September.
Kusamalira cacti - kuthirira
Chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa chisamaliro cha cacti ndichokuchepetsa. Amafuna madzi otentha kapena amvula. Cacti - chisamaliro ndi kuthirira bwino:
- Chinthu chapamwamba chakumapeto kasupe chimachitidwa patatha mphukira zatsopano zikuoneka pamwamba pa cactus;
- Nthawi zambiri kuthirira madzi m'nyengo ya chilimwe - pambuyo powumitsa kwambiri nthaka (pafupifupi kamodzi pa sabata);
- Kuyambira mu September, chinyezi chachepetsedwa, kuyambira November mpaka March, tchire ndizomwe zimapuma ndi ulimi wothirira - kamodzi pamwezi (kuchuluka kwa madzi sikochepa - supuni imodzi);
- mfundo yowonongeka - mpweya wabwino mu chipinda, chinyezi chochepa chimasokoneza chomera, chomwe chikutanthauza kuti chiyenera kukhala chochepa madzi;
- Lamulo lalikulu ndibwino kuti likhale pansi pano kusiyana ndi kuthira.
Kusamalira cacti kunyumba - kuvala pamwamba
Mbalame yamaluwa yamkati - chisamaliro chokongoletsera:
- kuthira nyemba panthawi ya kukula (kuyambira pa March kufika pa September) kamodzi pa mwezi ndi feteleza wapadera kwa azitsamba zokhala ndi nayitrogeni;
- Cacti amafunika kwambiri phosphorous ndi calcium, mu maluwa akufunikira potaziyamu;
- Manyowa a maluwa a maluwa onse sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito - kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni mwa iwo kudzatsogolera ku imfa ya chitsamba - tsinde lake lidzasintha ndi madzi, khungu lidzasweka;
- Kuyambira mwezi wa September kufikira masika, palibe chowombera, ngakhale ngati chomera chikuphuka m'nyengo yozizira.
Kodi mungatani kuti muzifalitsa kacisi kunyumba kwanu?
Zomera zosaoneka bwino zimabereka mwa njira ziwiri:
- Mbewu. Zambiri zambewu zingagulidwe kusitolo. Malamulo a kulima:
- Chodzala chikuchitika mu April-kumayambiriro kwa May, mbewuzo zimatetezedwa ku disinfected mu manganese yankho;
- Mzere wosakanizidwa wa mwala wosweka, makala ndi michere wothira 1-2 masentimita wandiweyani amaikidwa mu chiwiya chotengera;
- Mbeu imatsanuliridwa pansi ndikuphimba ndi polyethylene kapena galasi;
- mphika wokhala ndi kufesa imayikidwa m'madzi otentha - kudutsa mumphepete mwachitsulo kumalowetsa nthaka;
- Pambuyo pa maonekedwe oyambirira a mphukira, mbande zimaikidwa muzitsulo zazikulu. Pakati pa chilimwe, ana amawombera katatu katatu, mutatha kutumiza, tsiku limodzi kapena awiri osamwa madzi ndi mthunzi;
- kuchokera miyezi itatu kusamalira cacti wapangidwa ngati chomera chachikulu;
- Njira zowonongeka pa thunthu la amayi zimakhala ndi mizu yambiri;
- "Ana" akhoza kupatulidwa ku tsinde ndipo nthawi yomweyo amaika mu nthaka yonyowa;
- ndi cactus, omwe alibe "ana" adula chidutswa cha phesi kapena mphukira yamphamvu, zouma kwa masiku 3-4;
- Zigawo zitayikidwa ndi filimu yonyezimira, zidutswazo zimayikidwa mu nthaka yonyowa, yokutidwa ndi mtsuko;
- Choyamba, mphukira zimangotentha, pamene zimatengedwa - zimaloledwa kuthirira.
Kusamalira cacti - matenda ndi tizirombo
Cactus - zomwe zimakhala pakhomo pa matenda oletsa matenda ndi kuwononga tizilombo:
- Kawirikawiri, chomeracho chimakhala ndi overmoistening, pamene kuvunda kumawonekera. Pofuna kuchiza, tsinde lamachotsedwa mu mphika, rhizome imatsukidwa ndi madzi, zowonongeka zimadulidwa, zouma ndikubzala mu gawo lapansi latsopano. Pamene chomera sichikula, sichifunikira kuthirira.
- Kutupa kumawonongedwa ndi kupopera mbewu ndi sopo-decoction.
- The mealybug imachotsedwa ndi chida chodetsedwa, chikhalidwe chakumwa ndi tizilombo.
- Nkhumba zowonongeka zimawonongeka ndi kukonza fodya, kulowetsedwa kwa chamomile kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.