Kufesa aster, kukula kwa mbewu, mukamadzala ndi kuthamanga - nkhani zazikulu, kuganizira zomwe zidzakuthandizani kukhazikitsa njira yabwino yolandira zomera zathanzi zomwe zingasangalatse maluwa awo. Ndikofunika kudziwa momwe mungayang'anire bwino chodzala.
Nkhumba - kukula kuchokera ku mbewu
Kuti mupeze mbande zabwino, musamangokhalira kubzala, komanso kusamalira mbande. Pali zinsinsi zina za asters akukula kunyumba:
- Mpweya woyenera woyenera sayenera kukhala pansi pa 15 ° C, koma mtengo woyenera ndi 18-20 ° C. Zida zimayenera kuima, koma osati dzuwa.
- Kuti mufetse maluwa okongola awa, mugwiritseni ntchito yoyamba yoyenera, yomwe mungagule m'sitolo kapena kupanga nokha: sakanizani magawo awiri a peat ndi gawo lachizolowezi. Onjezerani magalamu 25 a phulusa ndikupeta kupyolera mu sieve. Pambuyo pake, sungani chisakanizo pamwamba pa nthunzi kwa theka la ora.
- Pamene mukukula asters, muyenera kulingalira kuti chikhalidwe ndi chilala chosagonjetsedwa, kotero kuthirira sikuyenera kukhala kawirikawiri. Chofunika kwambiri ndi ulimi wothirira pa zingwe za masamba, kuti ukhale wochuluka maluwa.
- Adani a asters ali ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, motero popewera kupopera mankhwala akuyenera kupopera mankhwala pogwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera potassium, magnesium, zinki, mkuwa ndi boric acid.
Nthawi ya kumera kwa mbewu ya aster
Ndikofunika kuganizira kuti mbeuyo imataya kumera kwa nthawi yochepa, chaka chimodzi mutatha kukolola sikutheka kubzala chirichonse. Ngati mbewu zatsopano, ziwoneka pambuyo pa masiku asanu ndi awiri. Pamene mbande zimaonekera masabata awiri, zikutanthauza kuti mbewuzo ndizokalamba ndipo ndi bwino kufesa mtanda watsopano. Pali langizo losavuta momwe mungayesere mbewu za asters kuti zimere:
- Ma disks kapena mapepala a pulasitiki amadzimadzimadzi ndi kuwaika pa sauvu. Ikani mbewu pamwamba. Simungagwiritse ntchito zokolola zonse, koma ingotenga zidutswa khumi.
- Msuzi amawoneka ndi filimu ndipo amaika pamalo omwe kutentha sikugwera pansi pa 20 ° C ndipo sikukwera 23 ° C.
- Yang'anani pa mbewu kuti musaphonye kuyamba kwa kukula. Ngati mapulotechete auma, kenaka muwamwetseni.
- Poyamba, mphukira zimawoneka, ndizofunikira kwambiri mu mbewu. Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa kumera, nkofunikira kulingalira kuchuluka kwa mbeu zowera. Chovomerezeka ndi mlingo wa 60%, ndiko kuti, mbeu 6 mwa khumi ziyenera kumera.
Pamene kubzala asters pa mbande?
Nthawi ya maluwa imadalira mitundu yosiyana siyana komanso mtundu wa asters, mwachitsanzo, pa masamba omwe amapezeka pachaka amawonekera pafupi ndi miyezi 3-4. mutabzala, koma osatha adzakhala osangalatsa ndi maluwa okha nyengo yotsatira. Poganizira za mbeu ya aster ya mbande, onetsetsani kuti mitundu yoyambirira imakula pachimake masiku 100 mutabzala, choncho imbani kuchokera ku March, ndipo kenako - patatha miyezi inayi. ndi kuzifesa iwo mu May.
Kukonzekera mbeu za aster kuti zimere pa mbande
Pofulumira kukonza tchire, mukhoza kukonzekera mbeu musanabzala, ndipo izi ndizo njira:
- Kumene mungabzalitse asters, kumera kuchokera ku mbewu, mutabzalidwa, mumapezekanso, ndipo muyenera kumvetsetsa njira ya kumera. Manyowa odzaza ndi madzi ofooketsa potassium permanganate ndi kukulunga mbewu mmenemo. Siyani sabata, osayiwala za kuchepa. Pambuyo pake, fanizani chovalacho ndikuchiyika m'thumba, ndikuyiyika pamalo otentha. Mu masiku ochepa, mbewu ziyenera kubadwa ndipo zikhoza kubzalidwa.
- Ngati mukuganiza kuti ndikofunika kuti zilowetse mbewu pa mbande, musanazibzala, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kudziwa za kukula kwachiwiri, komwe kumafuna nthawi yochepa. Kwa maola 10-12 musanadzale ndikofunikira kutumiza mbewu ku njira ya potaziyamu permanganate. Pambuyo pake, sambani ndipo muwabzala.
Momwe mungabzalitsire mbewu za aster kwa mbande?
Ndondomeko yokhudza momwe mungabzalitsire mbewu zimaphatikizapo magawo awa:
- Lembani nthaka mu chidebe kuti pakhale masentimita 1-2 mpaka ngati nthaka isanayambe kutsanulidwa, kenaka iikani ndi pinki ya potassium permanganate.
- Kubzala asters ndi mbewu pa mbande zachitidwa mosamala ndipo ngati sichidutsa malo okonzekera, muwachitire ndi fungicide youma.
- Moisten pang'ono primer kuchokera atomizer ndi mogawana kufalitsa mbewu.
- Kuwawaza iwo kuchokera pamwamba sikovomerezeka ndipo ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mchenga wonyezimira, womwe uyenera kuti ukhale utatulutsidwa kale. Zosanjikiza zikhale 5-8 mm.
- Makhalidwe amatseka chivindikiro kapena filimu, ndiyeno nkuika pamalo owala. Kusamba nthawi ndi nthawi pogwiritsa ntchito mfuti.
- Pamene zikumera zidzawonekera, chotsani chivindikiro ndikupitiriza kusamalidwa bwino.
Kubzala aster kuti amere mu cochlea
Ndizovuta kwambiri kubzala mbewu mu nkhono , zomwe simukufunikira kugula chilichonse. Momwe njira iyi yowonjezeretsera mbande za mbande, kukula kwa mbewu, pobzalidwa ndi malamulo ena, zikuphatikizidwa mu malangizo osavuta:
- Tengani thumba la zinyalala, lizanizani pa tebulo kuti mupeze nthiti yayitali.
- Pamwamba, pansi ndi pakati, tanizani tepi ya pepala ya chimbudzi. Mzere wapansi uyenera kutuluka pang'ono kuposa thumba.
- Pukuta pepala pamfuti kuti musakanike bwino. Kubwerera mmbuyo masentimita 0,5 kuchokera pamwamba, mothandizidwa ndi zitsulo zamagetsi zimayika mbewu, ndikusiya mtunda womwewo pakati pawo.
- Pambuyo pake, potozani tepiyo mu mpukutu ndikuiyika vertically mu galasi, momwe pangakhale madzi pang'ono. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti sizimasintha.
- Kuchokera pamwamba, yatsani galasi ndi paketi kuti pakhale nyengo yabwino. Ikani malo owala. Pafupi sabata kamodzi, mbande za asters mu cochlea ziyenera kuwonekera ndipo phukusi likhoza kuchotsedwa. Pamene chomeracho chikula, yonjezerani nkhuku imodzi ndi imodzi, pindani mbande.
Ndi liti kuti mukasambire asters mutatha?
Ndondomeko ya seeding yamakina iliyonse imapezeka pamene masamba awiriwa akuwonekera. Aster akuphuka pa mbande ikuchitika molingana ndi dongosolo lotsatira:
- Lembani matanki ndi nthaka ya michere, kuwonjezera feteleza pang'ono.
- Pezani grooves, mwachitsanzo, pogwiritsa ntchito pensulo kapena supuni ya supuni.
- Sungani nyemba ndikuzidzaza m'mitsuko yatsopano ndi mbale za masamba a cotyledon.
- Kuthira ndi kuyika pamalo okongola, koma kutali ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa.