Anthu amakhudzidwa ndi maganizo awo nthawi zonse. Mosiyana ndi ena, amadziyesa okha "zimbalangondo zosautsa mtima." Kodi vutoli ndi lotani? - Kusokonezeka maganizo kuchoka ku euphoria mpaka kugwa m'phompho la maganizo ndi mzimu wochuluka wa malingaliro okhwima, amwano, kudzimva wopanda pake ndi chiyembekezo.
Kodi matenda osokonezeka maganizo ndi otani?
Anthu onse nthawi ndi nthawi amakhudzidwa , koma alibe mphamvu komanso mphamvu, zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Zochitazo zimati - kusinthasintha kawirikawiri kumatha kukhetsa dongosolo lamanjenje ndikubweretsa munthu kudzipha. Matenda a bipolar ndi matenda aakulu a maganizo, omwe kale ankatchedwa psychiatry manic-depressive psychosis. M'buku lachikale, izi ndizigawo ziwiri: Manic ndi Depression, aliyense akhoza kukhala ngakhale zaka zingapo.
Matenda a bipolar - amachititsa
Ali mwana, zimakhala zovuta kudziwa, komabe matendawa amapezeka mu 2% mwa ana ndi achinyamata. Kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa matendawa (50%) kumakhala pa zaka 21-45 zaka. Matenda a bipolar a psyche ndi matenda opatsirana, zomwe zimayambitsa zomwe siziwululidwa kwathunthu ndipo zimayikidwa pazinthu zambiri:
- chibadwa cha mtundu (80%). Zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuzindikira zamoyo izi, chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zogwirizana ndi majini, kuphatikizapo zinthu zina zowonongeka;
- zovuta mu ubongo: kusamvetseka pakupanga opaleshoni (dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline);
- kusamvana kwa hormonal;
- Mphamvu za chilengedwe (20%): Kuwoneka mobwerezabwereza kupsinjika maganizo, kuvutika maganizo ndi kukwapulidwa, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa psychoactive, psychotropic substances (mowa, mankhwala, mankhwala);
- Makolo achikulire angakhale ndi ana omwe ali ndi matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika;
- matenda osadziwika a matendawa. Matenda a bipolar ndi omwe ali ngati matenda, asayansi atulukira zatsopano kuti athe kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala.
Kodi matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zolaula amabadwa?
Ziwerengero zimasonyeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika, pamene akuphunzira mbiri ya banja ndi dokotala, ali ndi achibale apamtima pa 50% omwe amapezeka kale ali ndi manic-depressive psychosis . Phunziro la mapasa, linatsimikiziridwa kuti ngati wina ali ndi matenda a maganizo ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika, chiwonetsero chachiwiri cha matendawa chikuwonjezeka mpaka 70%. Kusokonezeka kwa ubongo wa "kugona tulo", kusokonezeka kwa matenda, zovuta zina zomwe zimayambitsa matenda komanso zochitika za psyche zingakhalenso zochititsa kuti pakhale chitukuko chovutika maganizo pakati pa ana.
Matenda a bipolar - zizindikiro
Zowonekera kwambiri: mwadzidzidzi kusinthasintha moyo wonse wa mania ndi kupsinjika maganizo. Kutalika kwa "nyengo zowala" pakati pa magawo ndizokha, kumatha zaka zingapo. Mania ndi gawo lodziwika bwino la chikhalidwe, chisangalalo ndi chiyembekezo cha chiyembekezo. Nthawi zambiri zimathera ndi kubwerera kwa munthu kudziko lokhala ndi vuto linalake. Nthaŵi za kuvutika maganizo zimatha nthawi yaitali kuposa mania ndipo zimachitika nthawi zambiri, zikuyendetsa kwambiri. Zizindikiro za matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika m'magazi:
- chisangalalo, mizimu yambiri, kumangokhalira kukonda, kukonda kwambiri anthu ndi dziko lapansi kudzutsa, megalomania;
- kusokonezedwa, n'kovuta kuganizira;
- kulankhula mofulumira, pokambirana kukwera kwachisokonezo kuchokera ku mutu umodzi kupita ku wina, ndiye kusagwirizana kwa kulankhula;
- kudzidzimva okha, kudzipangira okha mu zoopsa zosiyanasiyana (mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuyenda pa aves);
- zovuta za kugona;
- kukula kwa chisangalalo, kusokoneza;
- kuwonjezeka kwa kugonana.
Zosokonezeka gawo zizindikiro:
- chisoni chachikulu, chisoni, nkhawa;
- kuwonongeka kapena kuwonjezeka kwa njala;
- kutopa nthawizonse, kunachepa mphamvu, zowona;
- kusayera chidwi pazochita zosangalatsa;
- kusowa tulo;
- kukhumudwa pa zofunikira zawo;
- "Mangani" poyang'ana pa chinthu chimodzi, kutaya nthawi, maganizo a imfa, kuyesa kudzipha.
Mitundu ya matenda a bipolar
Malingana ndi zizindikiro zomwe zikupezeka pa chithunzi cha matendawa, pali mitundu iwiri yambiri. Matenda a maganizo a bipolar I - ndi ovuta kwambiri ndipo amatanthawuza osachepera amodzi amodzi, osakanikirana ndi chisoni. Kaŵirikaŵiri zimachitika mwa amuna. Matenda osokoneza bipolar a mtundu wa II ndi kusokonezeka maganizo (osakwatira kapena oposa), otsatiridwa ndi hypomania. Malingana ndi chiwerengero, amai amakhala ndi chidwi kwambiri. Cyclotymia - hypomania ndi kuvutika maganizo, zimapitirira mosavuta kuposa mitundu I ndi yachiwiri.
Magulu a matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha maganizo
Kusintha kwa kusintha kwa matenda a maganizo ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika kumakhala kosiyana kwambiri, matendawa sachitika kawirikawiri malinga ndi dongosolo lachikale. Ndi matenda a manic-depression, chiyambicho chimayamba ndi gawo la mania ndipo ili ndi nthawi ya masabata awiri mpaka miyezi inayi. Pulogalamu yachisoni imatha miyezi isanu ndi itatu. Kukhululukirana pakati pa magawo kumachepa ndi nthawi. Achipatala amafotokoza zochitika zina za matendawa:
- monophases (periodic mania / kuvutika maganizo nthawi ndi nthawi);
- mawonekedwe ozungulira - gawo la "kuwala" kulibe;
- mawonekedwe awiri - pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri chisamaliro chimakhazikitsidwa.
Matenda a bipolar - zotsatira
Pamene matendawa alemedwa, mbali zonse za moyo waumunthu zimasintha kwambiri. Banja limatha, mabwenzi okondana. Moyo wokhala ndi matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika nthawi zonse umapanga kusintha kwa zolinga ndi ntchito za wodwalayo, achibale ake, ndi anthu ake apamtima. Pa nthawi ya manic, munthu amatha kupupuluma, kuchita zinthu zoopsa zomwe sangathe kuzilamulira. Amayamba kutaya ndalama, kulowa mu chiwerewere, kusiya ntchito yake. Panthawi yovuta, kugwira ntchito kumachepetsa, pangozi yaikulu yodzipha.
Kodi mungakhale bwanji ndi munthu wodwala matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika?
Gawo loyambalo ndilokutenga nokha mu matendawa. Matenda a bipolar ndi omwe ali kwenikweni kwa munthu, ndi yekha amene amadziwa. Popanda chithandizo chamankhwala chokwanira ndi chofunikira, koma chikhumbo cha kusintha miyoyo yawo ndi kuthandizira okondedwa awo ndikofunikira poyeretsa zizindikiro ndi kuwonjezereka nthawi "yowala". Njira yoyenera "kugalamuka kugona", kukana zakumwa zoledzeretsa, kudya zakudya zathanzi ndi kusangalala ndi masewera omwe mumawakonda muzengereza - kuthandizani kukhala ndi maganizo abwino. Kuwerenga nkhani za anthu, kuyankhulana ndi anthu omwe adayang'anira matenda awo - akulimbikitsidwa kuti apambane.
Kodi mungatani kuti muchepetse matenda osokoneza bongo?
Matendawa ndi othandizira kukonza mankhwala, nthawi zina amachiritsidwa. Kodi matenda osokoneza bongo ndi otani? Dokotala wodwala zamaganizo amasonkhanitsa anamnesis wodwalayo, amadziwa mbiri yake ya banja, amayesa mayesero. Kutsimikiziridwa kwa matendawa kumaphatikizidwa ndi kusankhidwa kwa mankhwala malingana ndi gawo ndi kuuma kwa njira yake, kusagwirizana komweko.
Bipolar matenda matenda amachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana. Mankhwala oterewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pachisoni. Mu manic - a neuroleptics, antipsychotics, anticonvulsants. Pofuna kulola kusokonezeka (kutsegula wodwala mosiyana ndi ena), kusinthasintha kwabwino (normotimics), serotonin reuptake inhibitors amaikidwa mu gawo lililonse.
Matenda a bipolar - amene amagwira nawo ntchito?
Kukhutira ndi kukwaniritsa chisamaliro, lolani anthu kuti amve kuti ndi ofunika. Kusokonezeka maganizo kwa maganizo okhudza kusinthasintha maganizo kumaphatikizapo zoletsedwa pakusankha ntchito. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti munthu sangathe kukhala katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito iliyonse yosankhidwa ndi iye. Ntchito yotsutsana ndi maulendo afupipafupi, usiku.
Matenda a bipolar ndi chilengedwe
Zochita zaumwini zimasonyeza kuti sizinthu zoyenera komanso zoyambirira za kulingalira, malingaliro osiyana a dziko. Kafufuzidwe ka matenda a m'maganizo mwa asayansi, anatsimikizira mgwirizano wa chiyanjano pakati pazinthu zodabwitsa ndi zolakwika zina mu psyche. Matenda a bipolar pakati pa ojambula, ojambula, oimba, olemba a zaka zapitazi amapezeka ndi makalata awo, autobiographies, memoirs of loved ones, ofotokozedwa m'mabuku.
Osangalala ndi matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika
Pali lingaliro lakuti manic phase ya matenda a maganizo ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika (hypomania) amachititsa kuti anthu azikhulupirira zinthu. M'dziko lamakono, matendawa ndi ofala pakati pa anthu omwe amapanga. Matenda a maganizo ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika m'madera odziwika bwino:
- Matenda a bipolar - Demi Lovato . Woimbayo posachedwapa ananena za matendawa. Demi adavomereza kuti mu gawo lachikhalidwe amatha kulemba nyimbo zingapo usiku.
- Matenda a bipolar ndi Catherine Zeta-Jones . Nyenyeziyo inavomereza za matenda, kuti athandize ena kumverera kumasuka kuonana ndi akatswiri othandizira.
- Matenda a maganizo osokoneza bongo ndi Marilyn Monroe . Kinodiv wa m'zaka zapitazi anadwala matenda a kugona, zovuta za euphoria ndi mkwiyo. Anadziyesera kudzipha.
- Britney Spears - matenda osokoneza bongo . Woimbayo ndi wotchuka chifukwa cha zonyansa zake, zoledzeredwa ndi mowa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
- Ruby Rose - matenda osokoneza bongo . Chitsanzo cha ku Australia chosiyana ndi chikhalidwe.
- Matenda a bipolar - Vivien Leigh . Pambuyo pokhala ndi mimba yolephera, komanso chithandizo cha mankhwala a chifuwa chachikulu kwa nthawi yayitali, wojambulayo adasokonezeka maganizo, kenako amatha kusokonezeka.
- Van Gogh - matenda osokoneza bongo . Kugwiritsa ntchito mowa kunapangitsa psychosis, chifukwa chake, wojambulayo adadzipha.
Demi Lovato
Catherine Zeta-Jones
Marilyn Monroe
Britney Spears
Ruby Rose
Vivien Leigh
Vincent van Gogh