Kodi mpunga umakula bwanji?

Anthu onse amagwiritsira ntchito zakudya zawo zosiyanasiyana: buckwheat, mpunga, mapira, ndi zina zotero. Koma mpunga ndi wotchuka kwambiri, chifukwa si chakudya, komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu ambiri padziko lapansi. Ngati momwe tirigu amakula, amadziwikanso, momwe mpunga umakula m'malo ambiri sudziwika, chifukwa zimachitika m'mayiko akutali kwambiri ku Asia. Ngakhale kuti mpunga uli ndi mitundu yosiyana, koma luso lakukula ndilofanana nawo.

M'nkhani ino mudzadziŵa momwe mbewuyo ikuwonekera mpunga, komwe ndi momwe ikukula.

Bzalani mpunga

Mchenga ndi chomera chakale chakale kuchokera ku banja la chimanga, chimakula ndikupereka nyengo yokolola mu nyengo yozizira ndi yotentha. Lili ndi mizu yambiri, yomwe imakhala ndi mpweya, yomwe imapereka mpweya wabwino ku nthaka. Chitsamba cha mpunga chimapangidwa kuchokera kumtunda wina woongoka kapena wowongoka, womwe umakhala wolemera mamita atatu mpaka 5 mm kufika mamita asanu.

Malo obiriwira tirigu

Pafupifupi mayiko onse a ku Asia (China, India, Thailand, Japan, Indonesia) akhala akukula mpunga kwa zaka zopitirira zisanu, ndipo m'mayiko a ku Europe pafupifupi zaka mazana asanu ndi limodzi. M'makona a dziko limakula mpunga wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana:

• mchele wautali wautali - Asia, Australia, North ndi South America;
• mpunga woweta-Spain, Italy, USA, Burma ndi Australia;
• mpunga wa tirigu - Italy, Russia, Ukraine, China ndi Japan;
• mchenga wam'tchire - dera la Great Lakes, pamalire a USA ndi Canada;
• mpunga wofiira - kum'mwera kwa France;
• mpunga wakuda - Tibet (China);
• Kamolino - Egypt, pamtsinje wa Nile;
• basmati - chigawo cha Punjab, kumpoto kwa India ndi Pakistan pamunsi mwa Himalaya;
• Jasmine - madera a mapiri a Thailand.

Mavuto a kukula kwa mpunga

Mchenga akhoza kukula ponseponse pansi, madzi osefukira, komanso pamunda wouma, monga mbewu za tirigu wamba. Kuti muchite izi, mumalenga minda ya mitundu iyi:

• Kufufuza - malo osungirako mapiri kapena mapiri otsetsereka a mapiri, ozunguliridwa ndi madamu kapena mabampu, kuti asunge madzi;
• liman - dothi la matope pafupi ndi mitsinje, kulima kumachitika pa nthawi yamvula;
• Zouma pansi - zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera okhala ndi mvula yaikulu pachaka.

Kukula mpunga, ukusowa kuwala kwa dzuwa, motero nthawi yayitali, mofulumira kukolola.

Ndi bwino kukonzekera minda yowonjezereka, yofiira, ya silty komanso yachonde. Kuti mupeze zokolola zabwino za mpunga, ndikulimbikitsanso kuti mubzalidwe pambuyo pa alfa ndi clover, komanso kuti musinthe malo omwe mumakhala zaka 2-3.

Technology ya kulima mpunga

Ngati kulima mpunga pa liman ndi m'mphepete mwauma, zambiri zimadalira nyengo, ndiye pamatche, njira yonse imayendetsedwa ndi munthu, motero njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupifupi 90 peresenti ya mpunga wakula.

Izi zachitika monga izi:

1. Pothandizidwa ndi zisa zapadera, mbande imakula kuchokera ku mbewu ya mpunga. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa izi ndi 13-16 ° C.
2. Mbeu zomwe zimapezeka zimabzalidwa pa cheke.
3. Pambuyo pa masiku angapo, gawo la chekelo lidakwera pang'onopang'ono kotero kuti msinkhu wa madzi suli 13-15cm. Mpunga imakula bwino pa kutentha kwa 25-30 ° C.
4. Kuti udzule namsongole, madzi amatsika kuchoka pa cheke, ndipo ntchito itatha, imatsirizidwa. Kupuma kwa mbeu kumachitidwa pokhapokha.
5. Pofuna kuphuka ndi kuumitsa nthaka musanayambe kukolola, madzi amatsika kuchokera kumunda pamene masamba obiriwira amayamba mphukira.

Chifukwa cha kulima kovuta koteroko, munthu amalandira chakudya chofunikira kwambiri ndi chofunikira pa zakudya, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa cholesterol, ndi zakudya komanso ngakhale zamasamba .