Aphid pa pichesi - momwe mungamenyane?

Matenda owopsa kwambiri pa pichesi ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, makamaka mitundu yosiyanasiyana: pichesi yaikulu, yakuda ndi yobiriwira. Polimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba pa pichesi m'munda, pali njira zosiyanasiyana.

M'nkhaniyi tidzakambirana za agrotechnical, mechanical, chemical and biological njira zothetsera nsabwe za m'masamba pa pichesi. Zizindikiro za maonekedwe a nsabwe za m'masamba:

• Kupezeka kwa nsabwe za m'masamba zakuda, zobiriwira kapena zofiirira zimaonekera bwino pa mphukira zazing'ono, masamba, makamaka m'munsi mwa masamba;
• masamba ndi masamba ali ndi dontho, madzi okwera kuti nsabwe za m'masamba zimasulidwe;
• nsonga za mphukira ndi masamba omwe ali ndi kachilomboka amaphulika pansi, musati mukhale ndi kuuma, masambawo samatseguka, ndipo zipatso sizikula;
• M'mamasamba opotoka, utsi wofiira umaonekera.

Kuwonongeka

Aphid wobiriwira pa pichesi ndi owopsa kwa mbande zazing'ono. Popeza ntchito yawo imayambitsa kupweteka, kukwinya ndi kusinthasintha kwa masamba pamwamba, maluwa akugwa ndi kuuma.

Nsomba yaikulu ya aphidi imamwa madzi kuchokera ku makungwa ndi nthambi, ngati yayipitsidwa kwambiri, makungwawo adzanyowa ndipo amathira, masamba apamwamba adzakulungidwa mwamphamvu ndi kunyezimira, mwina akhoza kugwa molawirira.

Nsomba za msuzi zakuda zimakhala pamphepete mwa mitengo mu kasupe, ndipo kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe ukhoza kuwulukira ku mbewu zina, makamaka nyemba. Popeza mtundu wa aphid wakuda pa pichesi umapangidwa ndi anthu omwe amagonana nawo, amachulukana mofulumira, omwe, kuwonjezera pa zoopsa zomwe tazitchulazi, zingachititse kuoneka ngati bowa wakuda pamtengo.

Agrotechnical ndi mawotchi njira zolimbana

Musanayambe nsabwe za nsabwe za m'masamba ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana zimatanthauza kuti munthu ayenera kugwiritsira ntchito njira zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito:

• udzu kapena kutchera zomera zosayenera, makamaka namsongole osatha;
• kuchotsa kukula kwakukulu;
• kuti azitsuka khungwa lokhazikika pa mitengo ikuluikulu ndi nthambi zamagulu;
• Chotsani nsabwe za m'masamba pamasamba a pichesi ndi manja kapena kutsuka ndi madzi amphamvu kuchokera ku payipi;
• Ikani aphides kumunda wa adani a chilengedwe: mbalame ya mbalame, ntchentche, ntchentche, maso ndi mbalame zing'onozing'ono, kubzala zitsamba zonunkhira, zitsamba zam'madzi ndi zotsalira.

Njira zamagetsi zolimbana nsabwe za m'masamba pamapichesi

Njirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito posankha mankhwala othandiza, kusiyana ndi momwe mungathe kuwaza pichesi ya nsabwe za m'masamba:

1. Pamaso pa chisanu - 2% yankho la Bordeaux madzi .
2. Pambuyo pake ndi pambuyo pake maluwa - njira yothetsera: 1% Bordeaux madzimadzi, 0,8% thiosol 80 pamodzi ndi 0.12% fostiola H40, 0.15% vofatoksa 30, 0.15% dipteraxa, 0.1% chifuwa 85. Kubwereza mu masabata awiri.
3. Pa mapangidwe a masamba - Confidor 0.25 l / ha.
4. Poyambira koyambirira, koma osati kucha zipatso - 0,2% mwa njira za Bi-58 kapena Dursban.
5. Kulimbana nthawi zonse, 8 ml ya Aktofit imadzipukutira mu lita imodzi ya madzi ndipo 0.02% ya sopo wamadzi ndiwonjezeredwa, kuchiritsidwa n'zotheka posakhalitsa patapita masiku 15-20, ndibwino kuti musanayambe tsamba lopotoka.
6. Kulimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba zakuda - 0,1% yothetsera thiophos kapena phosphamide, komanso chikonga cha sulfate ndi 0.2% yothetsera anabasine ndi sopo kapena zovala zamoto.
7. Kuwononga overwintered nsabwe za m'masamba, pamaso Mphukira ukuphukira, 0.5% yankho la DNOC, izo zikhoza kuchitika kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a nsabwe za m'masamba pamapichesi

Pali njira zowopsa kwambiri kuposa momwe zingathere poizoni nsabwe za m'masamba - izi ndizochilengedwe. Kulimbana polimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndi nsonga za tomato, dandelion, tsabola wowawasa, tsabola ndi anyezi.

1. Kulowetsedwa kwa dandelion: 400 g masamba kapena 200 g zomera ndi mizu kutsanulira 10 malita a madzi otentha, kusiya 2 hours, mavuto ndi utsi.
2. Kulowetsedwa kwa adyo: 200-300 g wa adyo kudula kudutsa adyo kapena nyama chopukusira, kuchepetsa mu 10 malita a madzi, kusiya kwa mphindi 20, kukhetsa, kutsitsi ndi yatsopano njira.
3. Kutsekemera kwa mankhusu a anyezi : 10 malita a madzi amatenga 100-150 g wa peel anyezi ndikuumirira masiku 4-5, kulowetsedwa, kuwonjezera 50 g sopo ndikuwaza mitengo yomweyo.
4. Kutsekemera kwa tomato: 2 kg wakuuma, kukolola kuyambira autumn, nsonga zilowerere mu 10 malita a madzi kwa mphindi 30, ndiye wiritsani nthawi yomweyo. Madzi awiri a msuzi amatsuka mu ndowa ndikuwonjezera 40 g sopo.

Inde, kuti mupeze zokolola zambiri, ndibwino kuti musalole kuti nsabwe za m'masamba ziwoneke pogwiritsa ntchito mapeyala pogwiritsa ntchito njira zotetezera monga phulusa la phulusa ndi feteleza zamchere, zomwe zingapangitse kukana nsabwe za m'masamba.