Makhalidwe ena a anthu ena akudodometsa, makamaka ngati akuwongolera kuvulaza kwawo. Ku zikhalidwe zoterezi ndizotheka kunyamulidwa - malo a munthu amene akufuna kukhala wolakwa ndi ngozi. Lingaliro likulingaliridwa mu kuwerenga maganizo ndi chigawenga.
Kodi kuzunza ndi chiyani?
Kukhudzidwa ndi khalidwe la khalidwe la munthu, lomwe limakopa anthu ena mwaukali. Mawuwa anachokera ku liwu lachilatini lakuti "victima" - wozunzidwa. Mawuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Russia - malo osokoneza bongo omwe amachititsa kuti anthu azikhala ophwanya malamulo. Chimodzi mwa matanthawuzo oyambirira a chodabwitsa ichi ndi katundu wokhala wozunzidwa, koma wina akhoza kuchiwona ngati matenda. Kukhudzidwa ndi khalidwe lozunzidwa kumawonetseredwa m'mbali zosiyanasiyana za moyo. Koma kuwonjezeka kwake kumayambitsidwanso muukwati.
Kusokonezeka mu maganizo
Chodabwitsa cha wogwidwayo chiri pamtundu wa psychological psychology . Malingana ndi zomwe zakhala zikuchitika, khalidwe lachiwawa ndilo kupotoka pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu monga:
- chiwonetsero;
- zochitika kunja;
- chikoka cha anthu.
Ozunzidwa amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi achinyamata. Munthu wosauka nthawi zambiri kuposa anthu akuluakulu amakhala ovuta pa zovuta, zochitika, anthu, osati osati kokha. Kuti zisawonongeke siziyenera kukhala munthu wina, zikhoza kukhala nyama zakutchire, zida, nkhondo. Vutoli ndi limodzi la zovuta kwambiri m'maganizo a masiku ano ndipo sanapeze yankho.
Zimayambitsa chisokonezo
Mwachidziwitso, munthu amayesa kuti asonyeze zofooka zake pamaso pa mdani yemwe angakhalepo, kupeŵa mikangano ndi zoopsa. Ngati izi sizikuchitika, khalidwe lovutitsidwayo likuwonetseredwa. Nchiyani chimakwiyitsa zochita za munthu payekha, ntchito yake yomwe amadzibweretsera yekha mavuto? Pali mitundu itatu ya anthu omwe amachititsa chiwawa:
- Osadzichepetsa-pansi . Izi zikutanthauza kuti wolakwiridwayo amakwaniritsa zofunikira za womenyanayo, koma kodi ndizitsiru, kapena amamasulira molakwika mawu ndi malemba. Anthu oterewa ndiwo ambiri (40%) a chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali ndi matenda omwe akufotokozedwa.
- Kukhumudwitsa . Popanda kudziwa izi, munthu amene akuchitidwa chiopsezo amachita zonse kukakamiza wotsutsana ndi nkhanza: amachita molakwika, moona, ndi zina zotero.
- Mtundu wosakhazikika . Kusinthasintha kwa mitundu yonse ya makhalidwe, kusagwirizana pa zosankha ndi zochita zawo, kusonyeza kusadziŵa kapena kusamvetsetsana.
Kudzidalira , kudzidetsa nkhawa, kusasinthasintha maganizo kumapangitsa munthu kuvulazidwa. Zomwe zimayambitsa khalidwe lozunzidwa zimakhala zobisika mu ubale wa banja. Chofunikira kuti chiyambike ndizo monga:
- chiwawa;
- matenda a victim ndi makolo;
- malo osayenera omwe munthu (banja losagwira ntchito, losakwanira) anakula;
- kukhala m'magulu ena osagwirizana.
Zizindikiro za ozunzidwa
Pamene vuto la psychology la munthu wozunzidwa likudziwonetsera, khalidwe lopweteka limawonetsedwa muzovomerezeka ndi zoletsedwa zomwe sizikukhudzanso kuchitidwa kwachinyengo mwa njira iliyonse, koma zingathe kugwira ntchito yovuta. Mtundu wotsutsa umadziwonetsera mwa njira zosiyanasiyana: umasonyezedwa mu kusakhazikika maganizo, kukhumba kugonjera, mavuto oyankhulana, kusokoneza malingaliro a munthu, ndi zina zotero. Ngati anthu amakonda kuchita zinthu zolakwika panthawi yoopsya, amatha kulowa m'mavuto. Munthu wodziwa yekhayo amadziwika ndi makhalidwe monga:
- kumvera;
- malingaliro, kuwonekera;
- kusasamala ndi kukwiya;
- kulephera kudziyimira nokha.
Khalidwe lakumenyana ndi chiwawa
Kuyanjana, wolakwira pa theka la milandu yochita chiwawa ndi vuto la anthu ogwirizana, osati mwangozi wa zochitika. Cholinga cha umunthu chimasewera mbali yaikulu. Anthu ena ali pachiopsezo kwambiri, ena osachepera, koma chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ziwawa za chiwawa, zochita za wovutitsidwa zimakhala zowawa. Nchiyani chingachitidwe "cholakwika"? Khalani olakwitsa, mukulowa muvuto kapena, mosiyana, opanda luntha, osakhudzidwa mtima. Pachifukwa ichi, psychology ya khalidwe lozunzidwa ndilo kuti wozunzidwayo amatha kuchita zachiwawa komanso zachiwawa.
Wopweteka ndi waumwini komanso waluso
Aliyense wogwidwa ndi wosakhazikika. Mavuto amabwera m'maganizo ndi m'maganizo (komanso mwinamwake, thupi) katundu wa munthu. Koma matenda ovutitsidwawo amadziwonetsera m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Akatswiri a ku Russia amasiyanitsa mitundu yake inayi, yomwe mumoyo weniweni ikhoza kuwonetseratu wina ndi mzake:
- Kusokonezeka kwachisokonezo ndi zotsatira za kusagwirizana kwa anthu. Awonetseratu kusemphana kwakukulu, kusakhazikika, kusakhoza kuganiza bwino.
- Ophunzira kapena ochita masewero . Makhalidwe a udindo wa munthu mdziko, kuonjezera chiopsezo cha kusokoneza moyo wake ndi thanzi lake chifukwa cha udindo wake.
- Matendawa, pamene matendawa amakhala chifukwa cha khalidwe loipa la munthu aliyense.
- Zaka - magulu ena a anthu omwe, chifukwa cha msinkhu wawo kapena kukhalapo kwao, amadziwika ndi chizunzo.
Mavuto okhudzidwa m'banja
Zolakwitsa zonse zimayikidwa ali mwana, ndipo chitsanzo cha wolakwira ndi wozunzidwa amayamba kukhala m'banja. Chiwawa chapakhomo chimakhala ndi thupi, kugonana, maganizo ndi zachuma ndipo zimachitika chifukwa choopsezedwa ndi kusankhana . Milandu siili wosakwatira. Kuvutitsidwa kwa amayi kumabweretsa chiwawa cha amuna (ndi mosiyana). Njira zothandizira ndi mphamvu zomwe abambo amagwiritsira ntchito zimachotsa kugonana kofooka kwaufulu, mwayi wodziwa, komanso nthawi zina za thanzi. Ndipo izi zimasiya umboni wake pamaganizo a ana.
Kodi kuchotseratu chizunzo?
Kuchokera ku lingaliro lalingaliro, kuvutitsidwa ndiko kupotoka ku chizolowezi, ndipo amatha kuchiritsidwa. Palibe mankhwala enieni a matendawa, ndipo njirayi idzadalira zifukwa zomwe zimachitika. Mchitidwe wotsutsa ukhoza kuthetsedwa mwa njira ziwiri:
- Mankhwala (mankhwala osokoneza bongo, osokoneza bongo, anti-depressants, ndi zina zotero).
- Ndi thandizo la psychotherapy. Kukonzekera kumapangidwa mwa kukonza khalidwe kapena kumverera, kuphunzira kudziletsa ndi njira zina.
Kukonzekera kwa munthu kuti akhalenso ndi zovuta sikuti nthawi zonse amakhala wolakwa. Ndipo makamaka chodabwitsa sichinali cholungamitsa wotsutsa (mwachitsanzo, wofunkha kapena wakupha) ndipo samasintha mlandu wake kwa wozunzidwayo. Ngati vuto liri muzochita ndi zochita, muyenera kuphunzira momwe mungawalamulire. Podziwa khalidwe lolakwika, pali mwayi wokonza, kuti musachite zopusa ndikulephera kupeza vutoli.