Tonsefe ndife osiyana, koma maganizo a anthu amati anthu ali ogawidwa mu mitundu iwiri mogwirizana ndi makhalidwe: extroverts ndi introverts. Chiyanjano choyambirira cha anthu chimatsegulidwa kulankhulana, olimba, ochezeka, okhudzidwa ndi okonzeka kuthandizira kuthetsa nkhani za moyo wa pagulu. Ponena za mtundu wachiwiri - introvert, chirichonse apa ndi chovuta kwambiri.
Ndani ali munthu wolumala?
Maonekedwe a anthu a mtundu umenewu ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi olankhula ndi olankhula bwino. Iwo ali otsekedwa kwambiri, kotero iwo amakhala ofunitsitsa kufotokoza. Makampani akuluakulu a phokoso sawakopa, samakhala osangalala, koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti iwo samangokhalira kukakamiza. Mu psychology, pali zizindikiro za introvert, molingana ndi zomwe zingasiyanitsidwe ndi mtundu wosiyana wa umunthu. Amadziwika ndi:
- Kufuna kuganiza, osati kuchita;
- kumverera kosasangalatsa ndi khamu lalikulu la anthu;
- chuma cha dziko lamkati ndi chikhumbo chowululira ichi kwa "osankhidwa";
- chikhumbo cholankhulana pa nkhani zokhazokha;
- mowonjezereka, luso ndi chikhumbo chomvetsera, osati kuyankhula;
- kusakhumba kukhala woyamba kulumikizana;
- kukonda kukhala yekha ndikugwira ntchito mosiyana, osati mu gulu.
Mitundu yowonjezera
Kuvuta kwa ma introverts kumatsimikiziridwa ndi zosiyana zawo ngakhale m'dera lawo. Akatswiri a zamaganizo amagawikana m'magulu awiri akuluakulu: zowona komanso zowoneka bwino. Zowona zimakhala zofunikira kwambiri kuti zikhale zomveka komanso zolondola osati kuntchito, komanso mu ubale. Iwo ali ndi udindo ndipo amabweretsa ntchitoyo kumapeto, ngati ali ndi malangizo omveka.
Zosangalatsa - M'malo mwake, safuna kumvetsa zinthu zazing'ono, kukhulupirira kuti ndi zosangalatsa komanso zosasangalatsa. Amatha kuganiza mozama, maloto, koma samachita chilichonse kuti azindikire maloto awo. Angathe kuchita zinthu zingapo panthawi yomweyo, popanda kukwaniritsa chinthu chimodzi. Ngati zikukhudzana ndi kusankha ntchito, iwo akhoza kutenga chimodzimodzi, kenako, kusankha wina woyenera.
Pachifukwachi, mndandanda wa anthu oterewu umaphatikizapo mitundu yowonjezera, zomwe zimapereka chithunzi chokwanira. Katswiri wodziwa zamaganizo ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo Karl Young adasankha mitundu isanu ndi iwiri yotereyi, koma masiku ano mndandanda wambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amagwirizanitsa anthu omwe ali ndi makhalidwe ofanana, omwe ali ogawidwa m'magawo anayi:
- zosavuta;
- zomveka zomveka;
- mwachidwi;
- kukhudza.
Chidziwitso chodziwika bwino
Anthu oterewa nthawi zambiri amatchedwa osowa mtendere. Malingaliro awo okwiyitsa, monga lamulo, pazifukwa zina amakhala ndi malo akukwaniritsidwa. Ichi ndi chidziwitso chodziwika bwino: iye amadziwika ndi malingaliro a zochita, nthawi, chikumbumtima. Zolinga zake ndi zomveka, koma amazizindikira popanda kufulumira, ngati kuti akuwunikira sitepe iliyonse. Chotsitsimutso choyambirira si mtsogoleri, koma wotsatira wotsatira.
Nthawi zambiri amakondwera ndi timuyi chifukwa chofuna kukonda kwambiri. Komabe, amadziwa momwe angapindulitsire ubwino wa mkhalidwe winawake ndipo nthawi zonse angathe kupeza njira yabwino yochotsera mavuto. Kunja iwo amawoneka ozizira ndi osungidwa. Kuthokoza, kutamanda, kutamanda wina - osati malamulo ake. Amakonda kuwerenga ndi kusinkhasinkha.
Zosamvetsetsa zomveka
Mtundu woterewu umakhala wovuta kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa dziko lapansi, sudziwa kudziyesa, kutsutsana pazokambirana ndi maubwenzi. Pa nthawi yomweyi, amamvetsera ndikukonzekera nthawi zonse kuti apulumutse; uyu ndi mmodzi wa amzanga okhulupilika kwambiri. Iye sakonda makampani akukweza, koma sangatchedwe kutengeka ndi kusagwirizana. Amasangalala ndi kukambirana momasuka, kulankhulana ndi anthu okondweretsa kwa iye.
Zolingalira Zowonongeka zowonjezera zowona zitha kukhala zogwirizana ndi zochitika zenizeni, malamulo, zofunikira ndi mabanki a chilengedwe - zimamuthandiza kuti akhale mdziko lake, osati "kutuluka" mmudzi momwe ayenera kukhala. Wosatetezeka kwambiri komanso wovuta, koma amadziwa kubisala kwa ena. Malingaliro ake ndi kulingalira bwino akuwonekera pazochitika zosiyanasiyana:
- zimasiyanasiyana - ndalama sizimathera;
- Ali ndi chidziwitso chodziwika - osokoneza ndi osungira sangathe kuzigwira;
- Chokhacho chimene apatsidwa chidzachita;
- Nthawi zambiri zimasintha maganizo: kuchoka ku chimfine ndi kutsekemera kuti zikhale zosangalatsa, zomwe zikuwoneka m'mavuto aakulu.
Ethical-intuitive introvert
Anthu amtundu uwu amadziwika ndi kukwiya kwambiri. Amakhulupirira kuti anthu ndi olemekezeka komanso oona mtima, ndi okongola komanso okonzeka kukhululukira aliyense amene avomereza kulakwitsa kwake ndikulapa. Iwo amadziŵa molondola khalidwe ndi maganizo a alendo, koma sadziwa zambiri za iwo omwe ali pafupi nawo, akukhulupirira kuti akhoza kuzunguliridwa ndi anthu abwino, osasamala.
Ethical intuitive introvert mwaluso angapereke malangizo abwino, okhudzana ndi maubwenzi ogwirizana, osowa mosavuta mu zovuta za moyo. Iye ali ndi chikhumbo cha zatsopano ndi zachilendo; kudzikonda, chilakolako cha chidziwitso - chikhalidwe chake chachizolowezi, ndipo nthawi zonse kumizidwa mu kuphunzira za filosofi filosofi ndi zipembedzo.
Zimadziwika kwambiri ndi kuthetsa kwakukulu komanso kuthekera kuika maganizo pazovuta, kuthetsa chisangalalo ndi mantha omwe angawoneke pakatha vutoli. Amamvera kwambiri anthu omwe ali ndi makhalidwe omwe amatsogoleredwa ndikumukakamiza kuchitapo kanthu, pomwe salola kulekerera ndi kukakamizika. M'mikhalidwe yotereyi ikhoza kukwiya komanso kupsa mtima.
Makhalidwe abwino amayamba
Mtundu wachinayi wa umunthu ndiwotchulidwa mwatsatanetsatane, yemwe amadziwika bwino ndi anthu komanso amamvetsa "yemwe sapuma." Simungathe kufunsa, kupanga zokambirana ndi anzanu: amasankha omwe ali "ake" ndi omwe ali "alendo". Ndi anthu ali osamala ndipo samatsegula moyo wake pa chiyambi choyamba, koma ndi omwe amakhala mabwenzi ake, adzakhala oona mtima, osamala komanso osamala. Zimandivuta kulankhula naye: ndi zovuta kumutsimikizira, iye amapereka chiyanjano chokwanira.
Ndi munthu wochenjera kwambiri yemwe amatha kufufuza zomwe zikuchitika ndikupanga chisankho chomwe chimagwirizana ndi zochitika zenizeni. Angavomereze zofunikira ndi zikhalidwe za anthu omwe ali, akufuna kuthetsa mavuto osafunikira. Sakonda makampani akuluakulu akulira, zochitika zazikulu. Iye amasangalala ndi misonkhano yosawerengeka, yopanda phokoso, koma amakwiyitsa kucheza nthawi zambiri ngakhale ndi anthu odziwika bwino.
Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, introvert-chikhalidwe introvert sakonda pang'onopang'ono zochitika, zosankha zazikulu. Mkhalidwe wa nkhawa kwa iye ndi khalidwe, panthawi yomweyi amakumbukira zolephera zake, zophophonya ndi zolakwa zake ndipo amaphunzitsa kuchokera kwa iwo. Ndizosatheka kumutsutsa mwachangu: nthawi zonse amakhala okonzeka pa zochitika zilizonse. Komabe, ngati izi zichitika, zimakhala zowawa ndi zolakwa zawo.
Ubwino wa Introverts
Ngakhale zili zovuta, otsogolera ali ndi makhalidwe amtengo wapatali omwe amawapangitsa kukhala ofunika kwambiri muutumiki. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kukwanitsa kuchita bizinesi mpaka mapeto, kutsatira malangizo. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, ntchito imayendetsedwa moyenera komanso panthaŵi yake. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, n'zotheka kupatula ubwino wina wa introvert:
- Kusiyanitsa maganizo, malingaliro oganizira ntchito yomwe wapatsidwa, luso loganiza kunja kwa bokosi;
- khalani ndi malingaliro abwino, malingaliro opanga ;
- kukhala ndi dziko lamtundu wolemera, luso loyang'ana;
- chofunika kwambiri pazinthu zazing'ono zomwe zingakhale zofunikira;
- awo omwe anakhala bwenzi lawo akhoza kuwakhulupirira pa chirichonse;
- iwo amatha kumvetsera ndi kumvetsera interlocutor;
- akhoza kuganizira za kukhazikitsidwa kwa nkhani inayake, popanda kusokonezedwa ndi ena.
Zowonongeka za introverts
Zopindulitsa zonse zomwe tatchula pamwambazi zimapangitsa anthu oterowo kukhala osasunthika pakugwira ntchito yomwe imafunikira chidwi ndi udindo. Komabe, amakhalanso ndi zofooka zomwe zimalepheretsa kulankhulana nawo, koma nthawi zambiri -
- zovuta zogwira ntchito mu gulu lalikulu;
- kusafuna kukana;
- kuumiza kwambiri mu dziko lapansi la mkati: zochitika, kudzikayikira, kukayikira, nkhawa yowonjezera ndi makhalidwe ena a introvert, kupanga kuyankhulana kovuta.
Momwe mungakhalire introvert?
Kawirikawiri amafunsidwa ngati n'zotheka kukhala introvert. Akatswiri a zamaganizo amanena kuti n'zosatheka kusintha khalidwe la munthu, koma kufufuza ngati kusintha kwa chikhalidwe ndi kotheka kuti munthu alowetsedwe sikovuta. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuyesa ndikudziyesera nokha, kupanga zochitika zomwe ziri pafupi ndi zomwe ma introverts amapezeka, mwachitsanzo:
- kugwira ntchito yokha;
- khalani tsiku lina Lachisanu;
- kulankhula pang'ono ndi kumvetsera zambiri;
- onaninso zochita zawo ndikukonzekera bizinesi iliyonse;
- musapite ku zochitika zazikulu ndikusiya makampani akulira.
Momwe mungayankhulire ndi introvert?
Ngati mutakhazikitsa ubale wabwino ndi introvert, mungapeze mnzanu wodalirika komanso wogwira ntchito yodalirika, koma muyenera kuganizira maulamuliro oyankhulana naye:
- sangathe kuthamangitsidwa kuti apange zisankho;
- ndikofunikira kupereka ndondomeko yoyenera, kufotokoza zolinga ndi zolinga za ntchito;
- Musamangopanga zosankha zanu ndipo musafune kukomana kawirikawiri;
- Musaiwale kuti munthuyu ali pachiopsezo chachikulu ndipo amakhumudwitsidwa.
N'chifukwa chiyani zimakhala zovuta kulankhula ndi introverts?
Yankho la funso ili liri muzidziwikitso za dziko lapansi ndi anthu awa. Ngati akuyenera kulankhula ndi extrovert, zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri. Chifukwa chachikulu cha vuto loyankhulana ndi iye chikugwirizana ndi kuti chikhalidwe cha introvert chimasinthidwa ndi kulankhulana mosankha ndi dziko lapansi lenileni. Iye ndi wochepetsetsa komanso wofunira, wathandizana naye komanso wanyengerera.
Ndani angagwiritse ntchito introvertu?
Chifukwa cha zovuta za khalidweli, pali ntchito imene anthu oterewa adzakhala ofunikira kwambiri. Maphunziro abwino kwambiri kwa introverts: accountant, othandizira ma laboratory, wojambula, wolemba, wotanthauzira, wodwala, wamapulogalamu, ndi woyang'anira. Pachifukwa ichi, mtsogoleri - wofalitsidwa ndi ambiri amadziwika kuti ndi wothandiza kwambiri, wokhoza kukonza ntchito yomveka ya timuyo.