Mfumukazi ya maluwa imafuna chisamaliro choyenera kusangalala ndi zambiri ndi yaitali maluwa. Pachifukwa ichi, kuthira maluwa mu masika ndi koyenera, zomwe zimaphatikizapo mchere ndi feteleza. Pali mankhwala amtunduwu omwe amapatsa zomera zinthu zambiri zothandiza.
Spring pamwamba kuvala kwa maluwa
Odziwa wamaluwa amapereka malangizo pa zolondola za feteleza.
- Kuvala pamwamba pamutu kumapangidwa pambuyo pa kudula kwa tchire, ndipo kachiwiri kuwonjezereka kumapangidwa ndi mawonekedwe a mphukira zoyambirira. Chovala chachitatu choyenera chovala choyenera chiyenera kukhala cha nthawi yomwe isanafike.
- Malamulo a maluwa a feteleza amasonyeza kuti asanatulutse feteleza ndikofunika kumasula nthaka. Izi zidzalimbikitsa bwino kulowa kwa zakudya m'mizu ndi mpweya.
- Pambuyo pa feteleza kumapeto kwa nyengo, nthaka yomwe ili pafupi ndi chitsamba imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, mungagwiritse ntchito utuchi umene udzasungira chinyezi bwino, ndikuwatchinga kuti uume.
- Ngati feteleza imagwiritsidwa ntchito ku dzenje pa kugwa pamene mukubzala maluwa, ndiye kuti m'katikati mwa nyengo ndikumwamba kupaka mlingo kuyenera kuchepetsedwa pakati.
- Zowonjezera zamadzimadzi zimatulutsidwa m'nthaka ikadzuka bwino, kutentha kwake kudzakhala 10 ° C. Ngati kumakhala kozizira, koma maluwa amasonyeza kuti alibe zakudya zokwanira, zimalimbikitsa kuchita feteleza popopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
- Kuwaza maluwa kumapeto kwa kasupe kudzakhala kothandiza ngati mutasakaniza mchere ndi mavitamini omwe amaphatikizana.
- Zomera za "akuluakulu" sizikusowa nayitrogeni zambiri, chifukwa zakula kale, koma phosphorous ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera ndizofunika, chifukwa nthaka ya zaka za kukula kwa zomera yayamba, yomwe ingasokoneze mizu.
Spring pamwamba kuvala kwa maluwa ndi mchere feteleza
Nthaŵi zambiri, wamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera kapena zowonjezera, zomwe zimasankhidwa mwa mawonekedwe oyenera. Zovala zabwino kwambiri zam'masika za maluwa ndi zosakaniza zomwe zimapangidwira maluwa amenewa. Mu mndandanda wa mchere feteleza pali zakudya zonse zofunika kwa mbewu, zomwe zili mu mawonekedwe osakanizika mosavuta. Ndikofunika kuganizira kuti powagwiritsa ntchito pali chiopsezo choposa, kotero ndikofunika kutsatira malangizo.
Feteleza maluwa mu kasupe ndi urea
Mchere wamcherewu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kudzaza chomera ndi nayitrogeni, yomwe irea ndi 46%. Onani kuti chowonjezera ichi chimachititsa nthaka, komanso kuti zisamayende bwino, choko imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito musanayambe kudya kapena kumaliza, kuti 800 g ya choko pa kg ya urea ikhalepo. Kukwera pamwamba kwa roses ndi urea kungatheke m'njira ziwiri:
- Muzu. Mvula yamvula, mungathe kudyetsa granules owuma, omwe amamera m'mabowo ang'onoang'ono, kuwerengera pa mita imodzi ayenera kukhala ndi matchbox. Pamwamba, perekani dziko lonse lapansi. Mu nyengo yowuma, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala amadzimadzi, omwe mu 10 malita a madzi, ikani 1 tbsp. supuni ya urea. Pa chitsamba ayenera kukhala 1 lita imodzi yothetsera.
- Zowonjezerapo masamba. Top dressing wa maluwa mu kasupe akhoza kuchitika ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Mavitrogeni kuchokera ku njirayi amathandizidwa kwambiri ndi masamba, osasiya kuwotcha. Ndikofunika kusakaniza madzi okwanira 1 litre mu 4 g wa urea. Kupopera mankhwala m'mawa kapena madzulo, chinthu chachikulu chomwe panalibe dzuwa ndi mvula.
Top kuvala maluwa ndi ammonium nitrate mu kasupe
Pofulumizitsa kukula kwa zomera ndikuwonjezera kukula kwa masamba, ntchito ammonium nitrate, yomwe imapangidwa kumapeto kwa April kapena kumayambiriro kwa May. Chitani ichi mutatha kudulira tchire. Kuti mchere ukhale ndi saltpetre, yothetsera vutoli, yomwe 10 malita a madzi amatumizidwa 1 tbsp. ndi supuni ya saltpeter. Tikulimbikitsanso kuwonjezera zowonjezera mchere ku raster iyi, yomwe ili ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Pansi pa chitsamba anapanga 5-7 malita a yankho. Pambuyo pa milungu iwiri, kudyetsa mobwerezabwereza kulimbikitsidwa
Top dressing of roses ndi calcium nitrate
Njira ina yokhala ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera mchere, zomwe ziri zoyenera kubereka m'chaka. Chifukwa cha kudyetsa maluwa mu kasupe, nitrate imathandizira kukula kwa mbewu, masambawo sadzaphuka mofulumira, ndipo adzakhala ndi juvu, zomwe ndi zofunika kwambiri kwa maluwa. Pofuna kupeza yankho la kashiamu nitrate, m'pofunika kuika madzi okwanira 1 litre mu 10 malita a madzi. supuni ya feteleza. Pangani izi mutatha kudulira mitengo yabwino.
Feteleza kwa maluwa mu kasupe - wowerengeka mankhwala
Nthaŵi zambiri, mankhwala amtunduwu kumaphatikizapo zakudya zowonjezera, zomwe zimapindulitsa maselo a zomera zimenezi pang'onopang'ono. Zimaphatikizapo chiwerengero chachikulu cha zakudya zofunikira kwambiri zomwe zimakhala zofunikira maluwa. Kukongoletsa pamwamba kwa maluwa ndi mankhwala ochiritsira kumachitika molingana ndi malamulo, monga momwe ziliri ndi mchere wothirira. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kubweretsa feteleza, zomwe zimakonda kwambiri alimi:
- Kulowetsedwa kwa Cow. Pakuti kudyetsa kumakonzedwa kulowetsedwa, kumene manyowa amadzipukutira mu chiwerengero cha 1:10. Pambuyo pake, aliyense atsala kwa sabata, ndipo madzi amadzipukuta 1: 2 ndipo amamwetsa madzi. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njira yothetsera kupopera mbewu, zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuonjezera kukana kwa zomera ku matenda a fungal, komanso izi ndizobwino kuti nayitrogeni feteleza. Manyowa angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mulch, omwe amabalalika pamwamba pa nthaka.
- Kulowetsedwa kwa zitsamba. Konzani feteleza kuchokera namsongole mpaka udzu utayamba. Udzu uyenera kudulidwa, kuikidwa mu chidebe ndi kutsanulira ndi madzi kuti uyambe ndondomeko yoyera mphamvu, yomwe imayenera kukhala masiku khumi. Pambuyo pake kulowetsedwa, kupsyinjika, ndi kuchepetsanso ndi madzi pafupifupi 1:10.
- Mankhusu anyezi. Gwiritsani ntchito kukonzekera njira yothetsera yomwe imafalikira m'chaka. Izi feteleza zidzazaza mbeu ndi zakudya ndi kuteteza matenda ambiri ndi tizilombo toononga. Pakuti kukonzekera 100 magalamu a zipolopolo, kutsanulira 4 malita a madzi. Ikani pa chitofu ndi kuwiritsa kwa maola angapo. Icho chidzatsalira kuti chisawononge, chozizira ndi kupopera.
Top dressing of roses mu katemera nkhuku zitosi
Momwe feterezayi imaphatikizirapo zinthu zothandiza, mwachitsanzo, nayitrogeni, calcium ndi potaziyamu. Zimathandizira kwambiri kukula kwa chomera, ndipo zotsatira zimatha kuwona patapita masiku angapo mutagwiritsa ntchito. Kuwonjezera apo, kudyetsa maluwa ndi nkhuku zinyalala zimapereka maluwa kangapo pa nyengo. Onani kuti mu mawonekedwe atsopano izi zowonjezera ndizoopsa, kotero kompositi iyenera kukonzekera. Mu chidebe muli chidebe cha udzu, zinyalala, udzu ndi zina zotero. Onetsetsani kuti malingaliro a zinyalala sayenera kukhala oposa 20 cm.
Feteleza ndi okonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito miyezi iwiri. Kukongoletsa pamwamba kwa maluwa kumapeto kwa nyengo kumapangidwa bwino, chifukwa cha njirayi yothetsera: kusakaniza zinyalala ndi madzi mu chiwerengero cha 1:15. Nkofunika kuti musadwale mlingo wa zinyalala, chifukwa izi zingachititse kuti duwa liwotche. Pezani njira yeniyeni pansi pa tchire, koma mutangotha mvula kapena kuthirira, zomwe zidzathandizira kuti pakhale njira zothandiza m'nthaka ndi kumera.
Feteleza maluwa ndi yisiti
Chodabwitsa chokhachokha ndi yisiti , yomwe ili ndi mankhwala olemera kwambiri. Zimayambitsa kukula, kuonjezera kukana kwa tizirombo ndikupangitsanso kuti mizu ipangidwe. Pamene feteleza maluwa ndi yisiti m'chaka, nkofunika kuganizira kuti amachititsa kutentha, choncho iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamene dothi limatha kufika 15-20 ° C. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito yisiti yowuma komanso yophika. Pachiyambi choyamba 10 g ya yisiti yowuma imatengedwa pa 10 malita a madzi, ndipo yachiwiri - kwa 1 makilogalamu a buckwheat. Mu njirayi, yonjezerani shuga pang'ono, pitani kwa maola angapo ndi kuchepetsa mu 50 malita a madzi.
Top dressing wa maluwa mu kasupe
Mu phulusa ndi mchere wochuluka, womwe uli wofunikira pa chitukuko cha mizu, mapangidwe a masamba ndi maluwa ambiri. Kuonjezera apo, amachulukitsa chitetezo chamthupi, kuthandiza zomera kuti zikanire matenda. Kukwera pamwamba kwa maluwa ndi phulusa kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi njira yothetsera, yomwe ikuphika yomwe imakhala 1 lita imodzi ya madzi owiritsa, kuba 2 tbsp. phulusa. Ikani zonse pa chitofu ndipo wiritsani kwa mphindi 15-20. Pambuyo pake, ozizira ndi zovuta ngati mukufuna, kenaka yikani 10 malita a madzi. N'zotheka kuikabe piritsi la microfertilizers.
Feteleza maluwa m'chaka ndi vodka
Pali njira yodabwitsa yodyetsera, yomwe anthu akhala akugwiritsira ntchito kwa zaka zambiri. Olima munda-okonda, kuti atsitsimutse tchire cha maluwa m'chaka pambuyo yozizira hibernation kuimba iwo, monga sizodabwitsa, vodka. N'zachidziwikire kuti feteleza ngati maluwa m'chaka sungagwiritsidwe ntchito mwangwiro, popeza izi zidzawononga mbewu. Pokonzekera yankho lolondola, muyenera kumwa madzi 10 m'madzi mu 10-15 malita a madzi. ya vodka. Amathiriridwa kwambiri ndi chitsamba chilichonse.