Kutchuka kwakukulu kwa raspberries m'munda ziwembu kumatanthauzira pooneka kuti ndi osasamala mu chisamaliro. Ambiri mafani omwe samakulira makamaka, amakhulupirira kuti sichiyenera kusamalidwa, kubzalidwa, kuthirira ndi kukolola. Koma kwenikweni, kuti mulandire zipatso zambiri zokongola, zipatso zabwino, amafunikira chisamaliro chapadera malinga ndi zosiyanasiyana, makamaka feteleza.
M'nkhaniyi mudzaphunziranso momwe, momwe mungakhalire komanso nthawi yeniyeni yomwe muyenera kuthirira manyowa a raspberries m'chaka.
Kupaka zovala zapamwamba ndi chimodzi mwa magawo ofunika kwambiri a kusamalira raspberries, yomwe yakhala ikukula pamalo amodzi m'munda kwa zaka zingapo, koma ndi kofunika kuti muwone momwe mbeu ndi feteleza zimagwiritsidwira ntchito.
Feteleza kwa raspberries
Njira yabwino yoperekera raspberries ndi kuphatikizapo organic ndi mchere feteleza, zomwe zimayambika pachaka. Mitengo yawo iyenera kusinthidwa kuchoka ku chikhalidwe cha tchire ndi kukolola kwa chaka chatha.
Pachifukwachi, feteleza zamchere zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama: superphosphate, potaziyamu ndi feteleza feteleza. Analowa potaziyamu feteleza ndi nkhuni phulusa, momwe mulibe chlorine ndipo pali zonse zothandiza kufufuza zinthu zothandiza zomera. N'zosatheka kuthira raspberries pokhaziyamu ya kloride.
Zida za feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito motere:
- phulusa - 150 g / m²;
- urea - mu mawonekedwe owuma 10-20 g / m², mu njira yothetsera 10 l - 50 g;
- Ammonium nitrate - 15-25 g / m², koma sangathe kusakaniza ndi organic;
- Zovuta: 30 magalamu a ammonium nitrate, 60 g wa superphosphate ndi 40 g wa potaziyamu mchere amatengedwa pa ndowa imodzi ya madzi.
Pa dothi lochepa, mitengo ya feteleza ya feteleza iyenera kuwonjezeka ndi 30%, popeza imatsuka kale chaka chachiwiri mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito.
Manyowa a feteleza (kompositi, manyowa ndi peat) ali ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zimathandiza kuti chitukuko ndi kukula kwa zomera: Ca, K, P, N. Mu mawonekedwe awa ndi zosavuta kuzimba ndi kuonjezera zokolola.
Zamagetsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa 1 mamita muzoyezetsa izi:
manyowa otetezedwa - 6 kg;- mbola yovunda - 10 makilogalamu.
Popeza peat ili ndi zakudya zochepa, koma imapangitsa kuti dziko lapansi likhale bwino, likhoza kubweretsedwa nthawi iliyonse.
Ndizothandiza kwambiri pa raspberries kuphatikiza mitundu iwiri ya feteleza, 1 mamita m'pofunikira kusakaniza: 1.5 makilogalamu a manyowa, 3 g wa nayitrogeni, 3 g wa potaziyamu, 2 g wa phosphorous.
Spring pamwamba kuvala kwa rasipiberi
M'chaka, musanawonjezere raspberries, nkofunikira kuchepetsa mphukira, namsongole wamsongole ndipo mosamala mutulutse nthaka 10 cm, kuti asawononge mizu.
Manyowa amchere amadziwika kawiri: 2/3 kumapeto kwa masabata awiri oyambirira a June.
M'zaka zitatu zoyambirira mutabzala, mutakhala ndi feteleza okwanira mukamabzala, m'chaka, pamene chisanu chimangobwera pansi, feteleza zokhawokha zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudyetsa raspberries. Amayambira magawo awiri pa nthawi yonse ya kukula, kusakanikirana ndi nthaka ndikuphimba pansi. Kuyambira pa chaka chachinayi, zina zimatulutsidwa m'nthaka nthawi zosiyanasiyana, koma kumapeto kwa nyengo, makamaka feteleza ndi feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuti muchite izi, mu May, pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse cha rasipiberi, tsitsani mitsuko 0,5 ya Mullein wambiri, mofanana ndikugaŵira pafupi ndi zimayambira, koma kuti musatseke mphukira zazing'ono, ndi kuwaza dothi kapena peat. Pankhani imeneyi manyowa adzachitanso ngati mulch zakuthupi. Choncho ndikofunika kuti tichite zonse zaka ziwiri.
Chofunika kwambiri ndi kukwera pamwamba pa kasupe kwa rasipiberi mitundu, yomwe imapereka mbewu ziwiri.
Kodi maonekedwe a chomerawo adzawauza chiyani?
Kawirikawiri maonekedwe a rasipiberi tchire amatha kuwulula zinthu zomwe zimasoweka kapena zomwe ziri zambiri:
- kusowa kwa nayitrogeni - masamba a chomera atha, sasiya kukula kapena kuchepa;
- owonjezera nayitrogeni - komanso yogwira kukula kwa mphukira ndi masamba, omwe ali ndi mdima. Izi zimayambitsa kukhetsa zipatso zosapsa
ndi kuchepetsa zokolola; - Kupanda potaziyamu - masamba ndi ofiira, amakhala ngati atenthedwa m'mphepete mwake. Zomera zozizira zachitsamba zimachepa;
- Kupanda phosphorous - chomera chimakhala chochepa komanso chofooka;
- kusowa kwa magnesium - osauka kukula, chikasu cha masamba kuchokera pakati mpaka pamphepete;
- kusowa chitsulo - masamba ndi achikasu ndi zobiriwira.
Atapereka nthaka ndi chiwerengero chofunikira chazofunikira kumapeto kwa chaka ndi chaka chonse, n'zotheka kusintha chitukuko cha rasipiberi tchire ndikupeza zipatso zochuluka za zipatso, zomwe zidzakhala zazikulu, zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira.