Phytophthora ndi vuto lomwe lingathe kuchepetsa zokolola za masamba komanso kuwononga lonse mbatata mbewu. Zizindikiro za phytophthors pa mbatata zimaonekera poyera: poyamba, mawanga a bulauni amakhudza m'munsi masamba a zomera, pang'onopang'ono akutembenukira ku chapamwamba masamba, zimayambira ndi tubers. Pamwamba pa mbatata imakhala yotsogolera-imvi, yofewa ndi yochepetsetsa kukhudza, ndipo thupi limakhala ndi chimbudzi chodzidzimutsa. Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti chitukukochi chikule bwino ndi chonyowa, nyengo yofunda. Kulimbana ndi mbatata phytophthora kumaphatikizapo zingapo.
Njira zothana ndi phytophthora pa mbatata
Kuwonetsa TB tuber
Popeza chiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga kachilombo ka HIV ndi matenda odwala matendawa, kuteteza mbatata ku phytophthora, m'pofunikira kusankha mosamala chomera chokhudzidwa ndi bowa. Ndikofunika kuti musaike mbatata yowonongeka m'nyumba kapena kuwaponyera pa mpanda, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukumba miyala yotentha kwambiri pansi kapena kutenthedwa, mwinamwake sizingawononge mpweya wa makilomita asanu.
Konzani kugawa kwa mitundu ya mbatata ndi masamba
Ndizosayenera kubzala mitundu yochedwa mofulumira pamodzi ndi oyambirira ndi apakati-kucha mitundu, yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi mochedwa choipitsa poyamba. Ngati n'kotheka, ndi bwino kudzala mbatata chaka chilichonse kupita kumalo atsopano. Ndizosatheka kudzala tomato m'deralo, zomwe zimawonetsanso zovuta kwambiri .
Mankhwala processing mbatata
Pofuna kuteteza mbatata kuchokera kumapeto kwa zovuta, ntchito yokonzekera mankhwala imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuthetsa funso, kodi kukonza mbatata ku phytophthors, kwenikweni kuganizira njira zomera zomera. Kumayambiriro kwa kubzala, mbatata imachiritsidwa kawiri pakulumba, pamwamba pa masabata 1.5. Pa nthawiyi fungicidal yokonzekera amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchokera ku phytophthors pa mbatata: Arcedil (50 g pa madzi 10 l), Ridomil MC (25 g pa 10 l) ndi Oxcich (20 g pa 10 l). Pambuyo maluwa, chithandizochi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa: Ditamin M-45 (20 g pa 10 L madzi), mchere chloride (40 g pa 10 L), Kuproksat (25 g pa 10 l). Chiwerengero cha mankhwala ndi 3-4 pa nyengo, kusiyana pakati pa mankhwala ndi sabata imodzi.
Kulima mbatata kukana ndi vuto lochedwa
Kusankha mitundu ya mbatata yosagonjetsedwa ndi vuto lochedwa ndi njira yabwino kwambiri. Kumadera kumene matendawa amapezeka, mitundu imayenera kubzalidwa, zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi mawonetseredwe ake: Nevsky, Spring, Arina, Golubichna, September, Mavka, Ogonek ndi ena.
Kutsata malamulo okolola mbatata
Pofuna kupewa matenda osasangalatsa a mbatata, kuchepa ndikofunika kukonzekera kubzala. Pa izi, mutatha kukolola, tubers ayenera kuuma. Ngati nyengo yowuma, mbatata zouma pamalowa, ngati mvula yowanika imakhala pansi pa denga. Pambuyo pa mcherewo, pangani nyemba yambiri ya mbatata, ndipo pokhapokha mbeuyo imayikidwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Chotsani ngakhale tubers zomwe zimadodometsa pang'ono, chifukwa patadutsa miyezi 1.5 mutabzala, bowa chidzawonekerabe, ndipo athanzi adzadwala.
Kusintha mbewu asanabzala
Olima munda anamva kuti poonjezera kukana kwa mbatata, kubzala tubers amachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala. Koma sikuti aliyense amadziwa zomwe angapange mbatata ku phytophthors. Agrotechnics akulangizidwa kuti azitha kuchiza masiku 1-2 asanadzalemo Agatom-25K (3 magalamu pa 250 ml madzi) kapena Immunocytophyte (0,4 g pa 150 ml). Kuchuluka kwa njirayi ndikwanira kuthana ndi makilogalamu 20 a mbatata.
Chifukwa cha njira zothandizira mungathe kusonkhanitsa zokolola zokoma zamasamba!