Maolivi ndiwo zipatso zamatsenga m'mayiko onse a Mediterranean, chifukwa cha anthu ambiri akumwera kwa Europe ndi kumpoto kwa Africa, mtengo wa azitona ndi chizindikiro cha thanzi komanso moyo wautali. Dziko lakwawo la azitona ndi Greece, kumene kuli nthano kuti azitona amapatsa anthu mulungu wamkazi wa nzeru ndi chilungamo cha Athena.
Zipatso za mtengo wa azitona zimabweretsa mafuta obiriwira kwambiri komanso mitundu yambiri yosungiramo maolivi ndi azitona. Kupindula ndi kuwonongeka kwa maolivi am'chitini kumadalira makamaka njira yogwiritsira ntchito zipatso ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osakaniza mu kuphika.
Mitundu ya azitona ndi zamitona
Ndikofunika kufotokozera kuti, mosiyana ndi lingaliro lomwe liripo, azitona ndi azitona ndizo zipatso za mtengo umodzi, zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa pa magawo osiyanasiyana a kusasitsa. Maolivi amtundu wamtundu amachotsedwa ku nthambi za maonekedwe ake, ndipo azitona zakuda analoledwa kukula mumtengo. Ukulu, mtundu ndi mphamvu ya mitundu ya azitona zimadalira mtundu wa mtengo, kukula kwake ndi njira yosungirako. Maonekedwe ndi katundu wa azitona zam'chitini ndi azitona sizosiyana kwambiri ndipo zimakhala ndi makhalidwe ofanana.
Mwatsoka, sizitsamba zonse zakuda ndi zipatso za mtengo wa azitona, obala ambiri amapereka chithandizo cha mankhwala kwa zipatso zobiriwira, kenaka amapanga mankhwala kunja ndi kulawa monga zipatso zabwino. Zopindulitsa zokha za azitona zoterezi ndizokayikitsa kwambiri.
Maolivi atsopano amamva kukoma mtima kwakukulu, komwe poyamba kunkayenda mumadzi ambirimbiri. Ndi mankhwalawa, mavitamini, kufufuza zinthu ndi ubwino wa azitona zam'chitini ndi azitona zimasungidwa monga momwe zingathere. Kusankha azitona ndi azitona m'sitolo, ndi bwino kumvetsera kwa wopanga. Zida zamakina odziwika bwino omwe amagwiritsira ntchito njira yochepetsera yopuma komanso njira zachilengedwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Mukamagula azitona zakuda, pali zinthu zingapo zofunika kuzizindikira:
- Maolivi, okoma pamtengo, amakhala aakulu kuposa maolivi osapsa;
- maonekedwe a azitona zakuda omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito mwachilengedwe amasiyana ndi zipatso pambuyo poti madzi akumwa mofulumira ndi kudayira, maolivi achilengedwe alibe khungu losalala komanso lowala kwambiri, amakhala ovala pang'ono komanso osasangalatsa;
- Mtundu wa azitona zakutchire suli wogawidwa wakuda, nthawizina mabala a bulawuni osawomboledwa amapezeka;
- ngati chizindikiro cha maolivi amchere amasonyeza chakudya cha E 579 (iron gluconate), izi zikutanthawuza kuti zojambulazo ndizojambula bwino.
Zopindulitsa zamtundu wa azitini
Chinthu chachikulu ndi momwe maolivi am'chitini amathandiza, izi ndizopanga, zomwe zimaphatikizapo mchere wambiri ndi zakudya zothandiza thanzi. Ndi kumwaza mwachilengedwe zipatso za mtengo wa azitona, chuma chawo chonse chimasungidwa:
- mafuta odzaza mafuta, omwe amachititsa chidwi, kubwezeretsa, kubwezeretsa, ndi kupititsa patsogolo thanzi lawo, kuyang'anitsitsa kwawo kumakhala mafuta, koma mu zipatso zam'chitini muli okwanira;
- zakudya zamagetsi, zopindulitsa kwa kagayidwe ka shuga ndi ntchito yamagetsi;
- mchere wochuluka - sodium, phosphorous, potaziyamu, magnesium, chitsulo, zinc, selenium, manganese, calcium, mkuwa;
- ma vitamini B ambiri, Vitamini E wachinyamata, ma vitamini C, A, PP, choline, beta-carotene.
Caloric zili zamzitini azitona ndi 145 kcal, azitona - 115 kcal. Pogwiritsira ntchito bwino komanso kusankha bwino, mankhwalawa angathe kudzaza kwambiri zinthu zopanda phindu m'thupi, kulimbitsa chitetezo chokwanira, mafupa ndi minofu, kumapangitsa kuti chimbudzi chikhale chokwanira komanso chimapatsa thanzi .
Kuwonongeka kwa maolivi amchere kumabweretsa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso ndi chizoloŵezi chotupa. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti ali ndi mchere waukulu wa sodium. Osowa zakudya samalangizanso kugula maolivi odzaza mosiyanasiyana, popeza malo okhala ndi zinthu zotere komanso chitetezo cha vitamini-mineral ndizochepa.