Poyamba, mau oti duality anali afala mchipatala. Kwa nthawi yoyamba ambivalence adadziwika chifukwa cha chifuwa cha matenda a maganizo a ku France m'ma 1900. Pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi, lingaliro limeneli linayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'maganizo a psychoanalytic ndi ntchito za Sigmund Freud.
Kodi ambivalence ndi chiyani?
Chisokonezo ndi chiyanjano mu malingaliro a munthu pa ubale ndi chinachake ndipo izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha zochitika, kapena ubale wa njira ziwiri kwa phunziro, kwa munthu ndi zina zotero. Mkhalidwe umene mungagwirizane nawo. Kuti muphunzire mwatsatanetsatane lingaliro la kukondweretsa, ndi koyenera kuiganizira kuchokera kumalingaliro a psychology ndi psychiatry.
Kodi chikhalidwe cha ambivalence ndi chiyani?
Ngati tinyalanyaza, kuti mawu akuti ambivalence poyamba adagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pa zamankhwala, lingaliro la kukhalapo kwa maganizo osiyana kwambiri m'malingaliro aumunthu wakhala wotchuka kwambiri mu psychoanalysis. Kuchokera m'malingaliro a munthu, munthu wosakondwera sali wodwala, popeza dziko lino lingakhudze mwamtheradi munthu aliyense, kusiyana kwake kumangokhala kuwonetseredwa kwa boma. Mwachidziwitso, kukondana ndi maganizo a maganizo ndikumverera kwa chiyanjano kwa chirichonse.
Sigmund Freud anatsutsa kuti mawonetseredwe omveka a duality akhoza kufotokozedwa muzinthu zosiyana zokhudzana ndi ubongo, zowonekera mu nthawi inayake ya chitukuko cha umunthu. Nchifukwa chiyani a psychoanalysts amalipira kwambiri mbaliyi? Makhalidwe ake amapezeka mu chikhalidwe cha munthu. Pali zinthu ziwiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu akhale ndi moyo komanso imfa zomwe zimakhalapo kale m'maganizidwe a munthu kuyambira pachiyambi, chomwe ndi chisonyezero chowoneka bwino.
Kuchokera pa izi, sizingatsimikizidwe kuti chodabwitsa ichi chingapezeke, kapena chifukwa cha zinthu zina, koma ziyenera kuzindikiridwa kuti pokhalapo ndi zikhalidwe zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosiyana, dziko lino lingakhale loopsa kwambiri ndipo limayambitsa matenda a mitsempha ndi zotsatira - zotsatira zoipa. Zinthu zomveka zingakhale izi:
- kuyesa kusintha chidziwitso, kapena kuchikulitsa;
- kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, anesthesia, kugwiritsa ntchito mowa;
- zinthu zomwe zimapweteka mtima wa munthu;
- zovuta zosiyanasiyana, maganizo.
Palinso Baibulo lodziwikiratu lomwe panthawi ina, maganizo kapena maganizo omwe akutsutsana angayambe kutsutsana, chifukwa cha boma limodzi lomwe lingathetse mzake mwachidziwitso. Chifukwa cha ichi, si onse omwe amatha kusonyeza kukondana, komwe kumakhala m'maganizo, zomwe zimakhala zosautsa.
Kusokoneza maganizo mufilosofi
Lingaliro lachiwiri mu filosofi likuwoneka ngati chiwonetsero cha kalilole mu malingaliro aumunthu a zochita zomwe zimatsutsana wina ndi mzake. Kusamvana kwa kukhalapo kumaphatikizapo kulimbana kosalekeza pakati pa zabwino ndi zoipa, mwa kubadwa ndi imfa, chikondi ndi udani. Mphindi iliyonse munthu amakhala pansi pamayendedwe angapo panthawi imodzi, kupanga kusankha, kumverera ndi kulenga chimodzi kapena chimzake. Moyo wa munthu uli wodzaza ndi malingaliro ambiri ndi zosankha zambiri.
Chisokonezo ndi chilakolako
Ambitendency amatanthauza kuwonongeka kovuta kwa kayendetsedwe ka magalimoto, komwe kumadziwika ndi zinthu ziwiri zomwe zimachitika, zomwe zotsatira zake sizokwanira, khalidwe lodabwitsa. Chodabwitsa ichi chikuwonekera makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi schizophrenic ndi matenda a catatonic. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chizoloŵezi chosakondweretsa chingachititse munthu kukhala ndi chilakolako cha munthu yemwe ali ndi vuto la maganizo.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kusamvana
Zomwe zimayambitsa ubwino ndizopadera zomwe zimawonetsedwa mwa anthu.
- Kulephera kupanga chisankho chilichonse. Kusankha pamaso pa munthu kumachitika m'moyo wonse, ndipo chisankho chilichonse chimakhudza zotsatira zingapo, zabwino ndi zoipa. Anthu omwe amapewa kupanga zisankho amatsutsana ndi msinkhu wa mumtima, womwe umayambitsa kukondana.
- Kusatsimikizika ndi mantha osadziwika pochita cholakwika kungayambitsenso kusokonezeka.
- Kupsinjika kwa nthawi yaitali, nkhawa, maganizo olakwika - zonsezi zingayambitse matenda osokonezeka.
Kusakondana mu maubwenzi
Munthu ndi chinthu chovuta kwambiri chomwe palibe kugwirizana pakati pa malingaliro, zochita ndi zilakolako. Maganizo a anthu, makamaka, alibe mgwirizano ndi umodzi. Tikhoza kumverera zokhazokha zokhudzana ndi munthu mmodzi. Iwo samanena mopanda nzeru kuti: "Ndimakonda ndimadana" - zikhoza kuoneka, wina angazichitire bwanji nthawi yomweyo?
Mtima wosayenerera ukhoza kuwonetseredwa pa kuyesedwa kwachisomo cha mayi kwa mwana wake komanso kukwiya ndi kukwiya chifukwa cha kutopa, kapena kukonda mwamuna wake ndi udani chifukwa cha nsanje. Maganizo amodzi akhoza kukhala achizoloŵezi ngati zochitika zotsutsana zimakwiyitsa ndikuwuka mwachidule, pomwe pali malingaliro enieni a chinthu chinachake, munthu, kapena zochita.
Kugonana kwa kugonana
Zochitika za chikhalidwe chachiwiri mu moyo wokhudzana ndi kugonana zingayambidwe ndi miyambo yokhudzana ndi kugonana, komwe kumangokhalira kuganiza ndi kugonana. Kuonjezerapo, kumverera kosamveka kungayambitsidwe ndi kukhalapo kwachisomo panthawi imodzimodzi ndi malingaliro okhudzana ndi kugonana. Panthawi ina munthu akhoza kufuna chinachake "chokoma," ndipo wachiwiri wotsatira amamupatsa "peppercorn".
Kugonana kwa amuna ndi akazi
Vuto ndi kusatsimikizika kwa munthu payekha komanso kugonana. Palibe chitsimikizo chenicheni m'malingaliro aumunthu - pazifukwa zina, zimatha kuthamanga pakati pa ziganizo zake, osadziŵa njira yomwe ziyenera kukhalira. Kuyanjana kwa khalidwe kungayambitsenso chifukwa cha kukopa kwa kugonana kwa akazi ndi abambo.
Chiwonongeko mu attachment
Chida chosakanizika ndi mtundu wa cholumikizira, chomwe mwana sakudziwa momwe amamvera amai, amatsutsa, ndiye amayesera kukopa chidwi chake, koma mosiyana ndi kukankhira kutali. Mawonetseredwe oterewa angabwere chifukwa chosowa kudalira pakati pa mayi ndi mwana wake. Maphunziro a ana molimbika, ndi zolephereka nthawi zonse ndi malire, popanda kusonyeza chikondi, chikondi ndi chidwi, zimatsogolera kukumana komwe kumverera kwa mwanayo mofanana ndi makolo.
Zotsatira za zozizwitsa zoterozo zingakhale zosiyana, kusamalira kwambiri makolo, kulowerera mu malo omwe mwanayo amakhala nawo komanso kusamalidwa nthawi zonse, popanda malire. Chifukwa cha maphunziro oterowo, kufotokozera zikhoza kudziwonetsera. Pa nthawi yomweyi, pokhala ndi msinkhu, munthu adzakhala:
- kudzidzimutsa kwambiri;
- osatsimikizika;
- osakhulupirira za dziko lozungulira iwo;
- wodalirika mu ubale.
Kusokonezeka - momwe mungachotsedwe?
Chisokonezo - chodabwitsa chomwe chimapezeka m'maganizo a munthu mosamvetsetsa ndipo sichikuphatikizapo zotsatirapo. Komabe, ngati kusokonezeka kwa maganizo, kumverera, kumabweretsa zovuta poyankhulana ndi anthu ena komanso ambiri m'moyo, ndiye kuti mufunsane ndi katswiri. Chithandizo cha kukondweretsa kumaphatikizapo mankhwala osankhidwa bwino, malinga ndi chikhalidwe cha munthu ndi zifukwa za chiyambi cha duality.
Mankhwala, mankhwala omwe ntchito yawo ndikutetezera vuto la psyche ndi kukhazikika kwa matendawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Pali matenda pamene matendawa akupita, pangakhale pangozi kwa wodwala ndi ena, ndiye mankhwala ayenera kuchitika muzipatala zamaganizo. Pachizindikiro choyamba cha kusamvana, monga mawonetseredwe a matenda, munthu sayenera kudzipangira yekha mankhwala, chifukwa izi sizingakhoze kulepheretsa zotsatira zake zokha, komanso zimapangitsa kuti vutoli likhale lovuta.
Popeza kuti ambivalence ndi mbali ya maganizo a munthu, ndikofunikira kufufuza psyche yanu, samverani kusintha kulikonse. Ngati mukuyamba kuyendera malingaliro olakwika omwe simungathe kudzichotsera nokha, ndiye kuti mukufunika kupeza thandizo kwa dokotala. Izi zidzathandiza kuti adziwe matendawa kumayambiriro oyambirira, omwe angathandize kwambiri kuchipatala.