Kuposa kutetezedwa kuti asatenge mimba - funso lomwe limakondweretsa akazi ambiri ngakhale njira zotetezera ku mimba zimachitika zonse zazimayi, ndi za amuna.
Njira zonse zamwamuna ndi zazimayi zimagawidwa kukhala zosinthika komanso zosasinthika. Kutembenuzidwa - omwe atatha kuthetsa ntchito yomwe mimba ingabwere posachedwa, ndipo yosasinthika - izi ndi, monga lamulo, kubelera. Ndondomeko ya amayi yotembenuzidwa ya chitetezo ku mimba imagawanika kukhala zachilengedwe, zopinga, mahomoni ndi intrauterine. Mchitidwe wamwamuna wobwezeretsedwa wa chitetezo pa mimba imagawanika kukhala chilengedwe ndi cholepheretsa. Ndipo kupatukana kwakukulu ndi njira zowonetsera, zochizira komanso zamakina.
Njira zothandizira kubereka - zogwira mtima
Taganizirani mmene njira zosiyanasiyana zothandizira pakhomo zimathandizira:
- 99.95-99.9% ya kupambana kwa kulera kumatheka kokha pokhapokha kupalesedwa kwa amayi ndi abambo, ndipo ngakhale njira yayikuluyi ingapereke zolephera zochepa. Njira zosasinthika za kubereka ndi abambo - izi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera kuteteza mimba, koma imaperekedwa mobwerezabwereza komanso mosamalitsa malinga ndi zizindikiro.
- 99-99,8% ya mphamvuyi imaperekedwanso ndi njira zowonongeka za mahomoni (kuphatikizapo estrogen-gestagenic, jekeseni (mu jakisoni) ndi njira zosamalirako zowononga mahomoni, osati mankhwala osakanikirana a gestagenic). Koma ngati pali kuphwanya malamulo okhudza mapiritsi ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala opatsirana pogonana, madontho awo ogwira ntchito ndi 90.4%.
- 97-98% ya kupambana kwa njira zowonongeka zimapezeka pogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala opatsirana pogonana (spiraluterine contraceptive). Thupi lachilendo mu chiberekero limalepheretsa chiyanjano cha dzira la fetal mmenemo, koma ndi malo osayenera a mimba, mimba imakalipo, kuphatikizapo ectopic. Nthawi zina zimachotsa kuchotsa mimba ndikusiya mimba, koma nthawi zambiri amachotsa zonsezo.
- 96,2-97,5% ya kupambana kwabwino kwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo m'masiku oyamba 72 atagonana. Koma nthawi yochulukirapo, mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri - maola 12 oyambirira - 95%, omwe amatsatira 12 - mpaka 85%, ndipo pambuyo pa maola 24 - mpaka 58%, mankhwalawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi zambiri pa nthawi imodzi Chitani).
- 96-81% mwa njira yothandiza pakulera pogwiritsa ntchito njira zolepheretsa amayi kulera (ziwalo, makokosi a chiberekero), onse amapanga zitsulo zokhazikika pamimba ndipo zimateteza umuna kuti usalowe mkaka.
- 70-86% mwachangu mukamagwiritsira ntchito njira zakulera zamakono zamakono, amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a umuna - mankhwala omwe amapha umuna. Amamasulidwa mwa mawonekedwe a zowonongeka zamaliseche, mapiritsi, mafilimu, masiponji, jellies ndi foams.
- 70-85% yogwira ntchito yodziwika kwambiri - kusokonezeka kugonana, monga njira yothetsera mimba kwa amuna.
- Mphamvu 85-90% ya rhythm kapena kalendala , koma ndi kugwiritsa ntchito - mpaka 97%. Pamodzi ndi kuyeza kwa kutentha kwapakati, njira iyi imatchedwa cryptothermal njira. Zimachokera ku tanthauzo la kuyambira kwa ovulation, pomwe ndi kuphatikizapo kapena kuchepera masiku 4 asanafike ndi pambuyo pake, awiriwa akutetezedwa ndi njira zina. Zizindikiro za kuphulika kwa magazi - kusintha kwa maonekedwe a chikazi. Malingana ndi njira ya kalendala, ovulation amapezeka pakatikati pa ulendo, ndipo masiku "owopsa" amawerengedwa mwa njirayi: 18 (kuyamba kwa "masiku oopsa") amachotsedwa kutalika kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo 11 (kutha kwa "masiku oopsa") amatengedwa, ndipo izi ndi zoyenera zokhazikika nthawi zonse. Pa nthawi yomweyi, m'mawa uliwonse kutentha kwapakati (m'mimba mwa mkazi) kumayesedwa ndipo kutentha kumatuluka ndi madigiri 0,2 kwa masiku oposa atatu otsatizana - masiku "owopsa" atha.
- Mphamvu 98% imakhala ndi njira yotchedwa lactational amenorrhea (chitetezo kuchokera kwa mimba pambuyo pa kubereka). Iyi ndiyo njira yeniyeni yobereka yobereka pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa mwana. Mwa kuyamwitsa mwachibadwa, kutsegula mazira sikuchitika kwa mkazi m'miyezi ingapo yoyamba pambuyo pobereka. Zokwanira ngati mayi akuyamwitsa maola atatu aliwonse pa nthawi yopuma usiku pa 6 koloko.
Koma pofuna kusankha bwino kutetezedwa kuti asatenge mimba, nkofunika kuti mutayendera kukambirana kwa amayi komwe dokotala amaphunzira kuchokera kumudzi wa amayi, kufotokoza zizindikiro ndi zotsutsana ndi izi kapena njira imeneyo, amapereka ndondomeko zoyenera, komanso kuganizira mtengo ndi njira yodalirika ya njirayo.