Ngati sizingatheke kugonjetsa matendawa mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala ochiritsira, kapena kuchuluka kwa matendawa kwakhala koopsa, madokotala amapereka mankhwala opha tizilombo. Posachedwapa, mobwerezabwereza kawirikawiri amayamba kupereka mankhwala opha tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. Kodi ubwino wawo, mawonekedwe achitani, mumaphunzira kuwerenga nkhaniyi.
Antibiotic yamagulu osiyanasiyana
Mankhwala a antibiotic akukonzekera za chilengedwe kapena masisynthetic etymology. Zimapangidwa kuti zisokoneze tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - mabakiteriya.
Kulowera mkati, antibiotic imalowa m'magazi poyamba, ndiyeno imasonkhanitsa m'thupi kapena thupi. Choncho, ngati n'kotheka kudziwa matenda omwe amachititsa matendawa, madokotala amakhulupirira mwachidwi mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Ngati simungathe kumvetsetsa chiyambi cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, akatswiri amapereka ma antibayotiki ochuluka.
Kodi maantibayotiki amagwira ntchito bwanji?
Pali njira ziwiri za ma antibiotic omwe amapezeka ku mabakiteriya:
1. Mabakiteriya - njira imeneyi ndi cholinga chowonongetsa tizilombo towononga. Kukonzekera kwa gululi kumatsutsa kaphatikizidwe ka selo nembanemba, kupha imfa yawo. Izi ndi, mwachitsanzo:
- Penicillin;
- Gentamicin;
- Cephalexin;
- Streptomycin;
- Polymyxin;
- Rifampicin ndi ena.
Kubwezeretsa kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumachitika mofulumira kwambiri.
2. Bacteriostatic - mtundu uwu wa mankhwala oletsa tizilombo salola kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndipo tizilombo timene timaphedwa ndi ma chitetezo a mthupi. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Levomycetin;
- Tetracycline;
- Erythromycin;
- Linkomycin ndi ena.
Kuchotsa msangamsanga nthawi ya phwando kumapangitsa kuti mabakiteriya "adzizolowere" ku maantibayotiki, atatopa, ndipo matendawa abwerere m'kupita kwanthawi.
Ubwino wa ma antibayotiki wamakono atsopano
Ganizirani zomwe zili bwino kuposa mbadwo watsopano wa mankhwala opha tizilombo:
- Amagwira ntchito yodetsa nkhaŵa zambiri za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - mabakiteriya omwe ali ndi gram-positive ndi gram.
- Zili ndi zotsatira zochepa.
- Kulandila kwa mankhwalawa ndi kophweka - mankhwala opha tizilombo a m'badwo woyamba ayenera kutengedwa 4 pa tsiku, lachitatu ndi lachinayi - kokha 1-2 nthawi.
- Zili zothandiza kwambiri, kuchira n'kofulumira.
- Zambiri zimatsukidwa ndipo sizowopsya pamatenda a m'mimba ndi machitidwe ena m'thupi, popeza kuti mwayi wa kufa kwa microflora ndi wochepetsedwa.
- Iwo amalekerera bwino odwala.
- Kutalika kumagawidwa ndi magazi, kusunga nthawi yowonjezera kwa nthawi yayitali, kotero nthawi zambiri kudya kumachepetsedwa kangapo.
- Zili m'ma mapiritsi, capsules kapena syrups, zomwe zimayenera kutengedwa kamodzi pa tsiku, zomwe zimakhala zabwino kwa odwala ambiri.
Mndandanda wa maantibayotiki a mbadwo watsopano wa zochita zambiri
1. Cephalosporins 1-4 mibadwo ikutsutsana ndi staphylococci, Klebsiella, Proteus, Haemophilus ndi Escherichia coli, chibayo, pyelonephritis, osteomyelitis, meningitis:
- Chofezolin;
- Cephalexin;
- Cefadroxil;
- Cefaclor;
- Chithunzi;
- Cefotaxime;
- Ceftriaxone;
- Tsepefim ndi ena.
2. Mafluoroquinolones - amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda opatsirana, kupatsirana kwa m'mitsempha, mapepala ofewa, khungu, kukhudzidwa kwa mafupa, ziwalo, matenda opatsirana pogonana, kutsekemera,
- Ciprofloxacin;
- Tsiprolet;
- Ofloxacin;
- Lomefloxacin;
- Norfloxacin;
- Pefloxacin;
- Levofloxacin;
- Moxifloxacin;
- Sparfloxacin ndi ena.
3. Carbapenems amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda opatsirana owopsa chifukwa cha enterobacteria ndi anaerobes:
- Tienam;
- Meropenem.
4. Mankhwala a penicillin - amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito matenda opatsirana, urogenital, m'mimba ndi m'matumbo, khungu, gonorrhea, syphilis:
- Amoxicillin;
- Flemoxin solute;
- Hiconcile;
- Phenoxymethylpenicillin;
- Ampicillin;
- Oxacillin;
- Ampioks ;
- Amoxicillin clavulanate (amoxiclav, augmentin, moxiclav, clavocin ndi ena).
Pambuyo pochira ndi thandizo la maantibayotiki, ndibwino kumwa mankhwala kuti abwezeretse chitetezo ndi matumbo a m'mimba - tincture a Echinacea, Immunal kapena ena.