Zimakhala zovuta kupeza chithandizo choyamba chopanda mankhwala. Ngati chinachake chimapweteka, nthawi zambiri amayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Koma, monga momwe awonetsera kafukufuku wa zamankhwala, gulu ili la mankhwala si lopanda phindu monga likuwonekera, ndipo kuthetsa ululu kumabweretsa mavuto aakulu.
Mitundu ya analgesics
Mwa mtundu wa zowonjezera zowonjezera, mankhwalawa amagawanika kukhala opioid (mankhwala osokoneza bongo) komanso osati opioid (osati mankhwala osokoneza bongo).
Kusiyanitsa pakati pa mitundu iyi ndiko kuti mankhwala omwe ali m'gulu loyamba amakhala ndi ubwino pa ubongo ndi pakatikati. Iwo amagulitsidwa kokha pa mankhwala ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku ululu wowawa chifukwa cha machitidwe oopsa, kuvulala ndi matenda ena. Kuphatikiza apo, ma analgesics opioid akuledzera. Gulu lachiwiri la mankhwala limagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi dongosolo la mitsempha lozungulira, limatulutsidwa popanda mankhwala. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mankhwala osokoneza bongo amathetsa vuto la ululu pokhapokha pamalo omwe amachokera ndipo samayambitsa chiwerewere. Pakati pa mankhwala osaposera opioid, pali zigawo zingapo zomwe zimakhala ndi zochitika zambiri pa thupi, monga kuchepa kutupa ndi kuchepetsa kutentha kwa thupi. Amatchedwa anti-inflammatory drugs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) (NSAIDs) ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ululu.
Kodi ngozi ya analgesics ndi yotani?
Ngakhale kuti mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito steroid saopseza dongosolo lamanjenje ndi ubongo, ali ndi zotsatira zoyipa zoopsa:
- Kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo la m'mimba (chiwindi, impso, m'mimba);
- kuwonjezeka kwa magazi;
- phokoso m'makutu ;
- kupweteka kwa m'mimba;
- matenda a m'mimba;
- timadzi timchere ta calcium mu impso;
- kusokoneza migraines;
- khungu;
- kuchepetsa kupanga leukocyte;
- kuchotseratu ntchito yowongoka kwa mafupa;
- matenda amanjenje.
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo oopsa kwambiri
Malo oyamba pa mndandandawu akutengedwa ndi Analgin. Mankhwalawa akhala akuletsedwa kuti asagwiritsidwe ntchito m'mayiko otukuka chifukwa cha zotsatira zake zoopsa. Analgin sungagwiritsidwe ntchito panthawi yoyembekezera, komanso lactation. Komanso, zimayambitsa mavuto aakulu kwa thupi la mwanayo. Mankhwalawa amachititsa kuti chitetezo cha chitetezo chiteteze chitetezo, chifukwa chimachepetsa kupanga ma lekocytes.
Aspirin sichimodzimodzi:
- kumawonjezera kwambiri kukakamizidwa;
- kuwononga magazi coagulability;
- Amayambitsa mimba ndi matumbo.
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mankhwalawa pochiza ana kungachititse chitukuko cha Reye's syndrome.
Mankhwala a paracetamyl ali ndi vuto lochepa m'mimba, koma amachititsa matenda opatsirana a impso ndi chiwindi. Kuphatikizanso apo, kuphatikiza ndi mowa, Paracetamol imabweretsa chisamaliro chochuluka cha chapamimba madzi, omwe mosakayikira amatsogolera ku chitukuko cha zilonda zam'mimba ndi maonekedwe a mcosa.
Ibuprofen, yomwe nthawi zambiri imalowetsedwa ndi mankhwala oyamba, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthetsa mutu. Njira yaikulu ya mankhwalawa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse (masiku osachepera 10 kwa mwezi umodzi) ndiyo yomwe imayambitsa migraine yapamwamba kwambiri.
Mankhwala owopsa kwambiri mu gulu lachilendo la steroidal analgesic ndi Meclofenamate, Indomethacin, Ketoprofen ndi Tolmetin. Ngati pali kuphwanya malamulo othandizira kutenga kapena kupitirira mankhwala ovomerezeka, edemas amayamba, kupweteka kumawoneka, magazi amkati amapezeka ndipo imfa imatha.