Matenda a mthupi amayamba chifukwa cha matenda opitilirapo kapena otha msinkhu. Kuzindikira kwabwino kwa nthawi yoyenera ndi katswiri wodwala matendawa kungateteze zotsatira zofunikira za zofunikira zamoyo, ndipo, ndithudi, nkofunikira kuyandikira njira yowunikira matenda opatsirana.
Matenda a matenda a umoyo tsopano atha kale kwambiri njira zogwiritsira ntchito matenda othetsera matenda a odwala, komanso kudziwa komwe kumayambira matenda opatsirana pogonana. Ndipo imodzi mwa njira zogwirira ntchito kwambiri ndi kufufuza kwa mapuloteni omwe amapanga mapuloteni (PCR).
Kodi PCR ili ndi matenda otani?
PCR ndi kafukufuku wogwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabanja a amayi, omwe amalola kuzindikira kukhalapo kwa matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi kulondola pafupi ndi 100%.
Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chikuphatikizidwa mu PCR? Njira yopezera matenda a PCR imaphatikizapo kuzindikira zizindikiro za DNA ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'thupi - mwazi, mkodzo, mucosal scraping. DNA ikamadziwika, imachulukitsa kangapo mpaka kuchuluka kwa DNA kumakwanira molondola kudziwa causative wothandizira matenda.
Kodi PCR ikuwonetsa chiyani?
PCR imathandiza kuti mudziwe mwamsanga komanso mwachangu za kukhalapo kwa kachilombo ka HIV ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'thupi lanu, komanso kuti tisamangodziwa matenda okhaokha pamtunda kapena pachimake, komanso matenda opatsirana .
Kodi ndi njira iti yoyezetsa bwino: PCR kapena ELISA (enzyme immunoassay)?
Kufufuza kwa ELISA kumasonyeza momwe chitetezo cha thupi chimakhudzidwira kwa munthu wina kapena wina wothandizira, zomwe zimapereka ufulu wolingalira kuti alipo. Komabe, njirayi imakhala ndi zolakwika zambiri chifukwa cha momwe thupi limagwiritsira ntchito chitetezo cha mthupi komanso mphamvu ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chitengeke mmaganizo osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa cha machitidwe a chitetezo cha mthupi, zotsatira za kafukufuku zingasonyeze zotsatira zowonongeka, ndi zolakwika. Ndi zizindikiro zoterezi, njira ya ELISA imataya PCR kwambiri. Komabe, njira zothandizirazi zingathe kuthandizana bwino, zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuti muzitha kudziwa bwino zomwe mukufufuzazo ndikuthandizani kusankha njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera matenda.