Ng'ombe - zinsinsi za kukula ndi kusamalira ma orchids

Orchids ndi imodzi mwa maluwa okongola kwambiri padziko lapansi. Ng'ombe zimatanthawuza za banja lawo, zimasiyana ndi zosiyana siyana zamilomo ndi zovuta zachilendo komanso mtundu wosiyana pakati pa coronet. Zimakopa zomera ndi maluwa amatsenga ndi fungo lokoma, zimatha kununkhira kwa kakombo m'chigwa, jasmine.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji zamoyo zamtchire?

Ng'ombe ndi mtundu wamaluwa okongola, mtundu wa zomera ndi waukulu. Ali ndi mitundu yambiri ndi ma hybrids, omwe amasiyana mofanana ndi mtundu wa masamba, masamba, kutalika kwa gawo lonselo. Malingana ndi mau a zomera, zomera zimagawanika:

• autumn;
• nyengo.

Zakale sizikhala ndi mpumulo wa nthawi yaitali, izi zimakhala nthawi yaitali zisanafike ndi zitatha. Ng'ombe ya Orchid imakhala ndi tsinde lakuda, yomwe imayikidwa m'masamba a emerald 1-3. Pamodzi, ma orchids amakula mpaka makilomita asanu akuluakulu a masentimita 5 mpaka 25, mtundu wawo umasiyana ndi woyera mpaka mdima wofiirira. Mu chilengedwe, pali chiweto cha mtundu wa epiphyte, umene umakhala pamagalimoto a mtengo, ndi chiwopsezo, kumakhala pamwala. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pokonza zomera.

Cattleya Dinard

Wosakanizidwa wotchuka wa Blue Heaven - kusiyana kwakukulu kwa ma orchids, amakondwera ndi makononi a masentimita 20. Ng'ombe imeneyi ili ndi duwa la buluu lopangidwa ndi sepals ndi ziphuphu zakuda zakumwamba. Mlomo wa chomeracho ndi wofiirira ndi wozungulira m'mphepete, mmero ndi golide wonyezimira. Orchid Dinard ili ndi fungo labwino kwambiri, limatuluka maluwa ndi masika.

Cattleya Aklund

Orchid Aklunda ndi chomera chomera chomwe chimakula m'chilengedwe ku Brazil pa mitengo yokhayokha pafupi ndi mitsinje. Ng'ombe zoterezi, monga kumera, zimakopera kutalika - pafupifupi masentimita 10. Zili ndi mababu ozungulira ndi mbale ziwiri zamatope, inflorescence ili ndi corollas imodzi kapena ziwiri. Mmodzi wa iwo ali ndi kukula kwa masentimita 10, ndi onunkhira, wandiweyani, amakhala ndi nthawi yaitali. Ng'ombe ya Aklanda imapanga maluwa akuluakulu obiriwira ndi chokoleti cha msuzi. Mlomo pa corolla ndi wofiira kapena wofiira ndi malire owala.

Kusakaniza kwa Ng'ombe

Mitengo yambiri ya hybrid imagwirizanitsidwa pansi pa dzina la orchids Mix. Pakusankhidwa, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Nkhotakota imadutsa pamodzi ndi makina osiyanasiyana. Chotsatira chake, ma orchids amawoneka ndi zosiyana za pamimba ndi milomo (mwachitsanzo, nkhata za mandimu ndi burgundy center). Nthaŵi zambiri, kholo lawo ndi chipatso cha Cattleya. Lili ndi masamba mpaka 25 cm., Peduncles 10-15 masentimita. Zinyama zili ndi mtundu wofiira kukhala wofiira ndi wofiira. Mlomo ukuwoneka, wakuda, ndi zilonda zofiira mu pharynx, kupanga lalikulu chubu ndi m'mphepete mwachindunji.

Cattleya Maxim

Chilengedwe cha orchid m'chilengedwe chimakula ku Colombia, Peru, Ecuador. Zapanga mapepala a masamba omwe amawoneka ngati masentimita 25 ndi maluwa okwana masentimita 18. Maluwa okongolawa, ng'ombeya imatha kukhala ndi coronals 15 pa tsinde limodzi. Maluwa ake ndi chipale chofewa kapena lavender-lilac ndi mitsempha yofiirira komanso yofiira mkati mwa mkamwa komanso kupweteka kwa chikasu. Maluwa a orchid ali ndi mapangidwe othandizira - amakhala okongola-lanceolate, opapatiza, pamapeto ndi pamphepete mwawo.

Cattleya Schroeder

Orchid Shreder - malo okongola otchedwa orchids, mwiniwake wa ulemu wambiri, amatchulidwa dzina la German baroness - mkazi wa botanist, yemwe anatulutsa mitundu iyi. Cattleya Schroeder - maluwa akuluakulu, ali ndi mapira a pinki wofiira, mkamwa ndi mandimu yamdima kapena mkati lamoto ndi fungo lokoma. Pali ng'ombe yoyera yokhala ndi mandimu, mdima wakuda sungapezeke m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Maluwa a Schroeder amatha nthawi yaitali kuposa mitundu ina yonse ya orchid - pafupi masabata asanu.

Momwe mungabzalitsire Cattleya?

Mankhwala a orchids akhoza kuikidwa mu mphika uliwonse - wowonekera, wopangidwa ndi pulasitiki, wosakanizidwa kuchokera ku dongo. Kubzala Nyamakazi - malamulo ofunika:

1. Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu kumasankhidwa kuchokera ku mawerengedwe a voliyumu ya mizu ya orchid, kotero kuti pali kusiyana kwa masentimita awiri pambali pa chotengera.
2. Pansi pa mphika ndi miyala yokongola 2 cm, pamwamba - mbali zazikuru za makungwa kapena thovu.
3. Ndiye mizu ya orchid imayikidwa mu chotengera kuti pali malo ambiri opanda ufulu pafupi ndi mphukira zazing'ono. Iwo amawaza ndi makungwa a kachigawo kakang'ono.
4. M'phika limodzi ndi bwino kuika pafupifupi 5 pseudobulbs (mababu) a Ng'ombe.
5. Bzalani orchid mu chotengera bwino kwambiri pafupi ndi kukula kwa rhizome (rhizome) mpaka pakati pa mphika.
6. Amakumba pansi pokhapokha mizu ya Cattleya, maziko a pseudobulb ayenera kukhala pamwamba. Pafupi ndi iwo, mukhoza kuyika timitengo kuti tikonze chomeracho, itachoka mizu, imachotsedwa.

Kodi mungatani kuti muwonjezere mizu ya ziweto?

Nthawi zina ma orchids amafunika kubwezeretsanso . Chifukwa cha kusamalidwa mosayenera, chifukwa cha matenda a fungal kapena bakiteriya, ndi chifukwa cha ukalamba umene ng'ombeya ikhoza kutaya mizu. Kubwezeretsanso ndiko kukhazikitsa mikhalidwe yabwino yokonzanso kubzala. Ng'ombe popanda mizu sizingathe kukhala ndi moyo - zimagwira ntchito yokonzekera ndi kufunafuna chinyezi. Zodabwitsa za kapangidwe ka orchids ndizokale zimamera mmenemo zimafa, ndipo zatsopano zimawonekera kuchokera ku impso zinazake (zobiriwira ndi zouma). Mmene mungawonjezere mizu ya Cattleya:

1. Njira yophweka ndikutsegula mbewu mumadzi tsiku ndi tsiku. Kuti muchite izi, yikani orchid mumphika popanda mabowo, tsanukani theka la madzi ndipo mutenge maola awiri (musanadye chakudya chamadzulo).
2. Pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse, feteleza yokhala ndi nayitrojeni imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ziweto.
3. Nthaŵi yonse ya kubwezeretsanso kwa orchid ikhoza kumatha mwezi umodzi kufikira chaka.
4. Pambuyo pa kukula kwa zatsopano zatsopano, kuvala kwapamwamba kwa Cattleya kumayimitsidwa ndipo nthawi yothirira ikuwonjezeka ndi ora limodzi.
5. Panthawiyi pasanathe masiku khumi pansi pa ma orchid 3-5 mazu achinyamata.
6. Pambuyo pofika kutalika kwa masentimita 5-7, Ng'ombe zimabzalidwa mu mphika wopapatiza. Madzi ayenera kukhala kuti gawo lapansi pakati pa zowonongeka bwino zouma.

Ng'ombe - chisamaliro kunyumba

Maluwa otentha amatha kusangalatsa ndi zokongola kwambiri, chinthu chachikulu ndi kuwapatsa zinthu zofunika kuti zikule bwino. Ng'ombe za Orchid - chisamaliro cha kunyumba:

1. Iyenera kumera pamalo owala kwambiri. Mukhoza kuweruza kuchuluka kwa dzuŵa kwa Cattleya ndi masamba a zomera. Ngati ali otumbululuka chikasu, ndiye kuwala kuli kovuta, ngati mdima - pang'ono. Ng'ombe yathanzi imakhala ndi masamba obiriwira. M'nyengo yozizira, mungagwiritse ntchito nyali zina za fulorosenti.
2. Nthawi zambiri kutentha kwa chipinda kumakhala kosavuta. Pakukonzekera ma orchids kwa maluwa, kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa usana ndi usiku mpweya ukhale mkati mwa madigiri asanu.
3. Mitundu yamakono ya Ng'ombe kuti imve chinyezi ndi yopanda ulemu, imakonda ngati nyengo ya nyengo imakhala mphika ndi madzi - imathira mizu ya mpweya mmenemo.

Ng'ombe yoyamba

Chigawo cha maziko a gawo lapansi ndi kukula kwazing'ono ndi zazikulu. Musanadzalemo, iyenera kuchapidwa ndi kuthira kwa masiku awiri kuti imve chinyezi. Kenaka yanizani ndi kutsuka m'madzi oyera. Mbande ya ng'ombeya yowonjezeredwa ndi thovu yodulidwa bwino ndi moss sphagnum chifukwa cha mpweya wabwino. Ngati chipinda ndi mpweya wouma, mumphika mukhoza kuwonjezera pang'ono pirits - imakhala ndi chinyezi. Pa kukula kwa Cattleya, ndi maonekedwe a peduncle, amatha kubereka, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kudya zimaphatikizapo calcium ndi phosphorous pang'onopang'ono. Panthawi yopuma sagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kodi mungamwetse bwanji ziweto?

Mafupipafupi ndi kuchuluka kwa orchids kumatsitsimutsa zimadalira kukula kwa nyenyezi komanso nthawi ya chaka. Momwe mungadzitetezere Nyama:

1. Kufunika koyambitsa kuyendetsedwa ndi boma la gawo lapansi, limaloledwa kuti liume bwino. The yabwino periodicity ya kuthirira kwa Cattleya ndi masabata 1-1.5.
2. Ndibwino kuti musamanyowe mbewu yokha, koma kuti muchepetse mizu ku firiji madzi kwa maola 1-2.
3. Madziwo sayenera kugwera pazitsamba zazing'ono zamtchire, mwinamwake iwo ayamba kuvunda.
4. M'nyengo yozizira, kuchepa kwa maluwa otchedwa orchids kumachepetsedwa, ndipo m'chilimwe ukhoza kuwonjezeka ngati pakufunika. Kutsika kwake kutentha, kwambiri ng'ombe imatenga madzi. Mwachitsanzo, ngati nthawi ina yonse yomwe ili pabwalo usiku pamatentha 10, mungathe kukana mowa wothirira - kungoponyera gawolo.
5. Mu kutentha kwa madzi apamwamba kwambiri (mvula, yosungunuka, yosungunuka) Ng'ombe zimasakaniza kwathunthu.
6. Kamodzi pa mwezi ndi bwino kukonza orchid ndi madzi okwanira kuchokera kusamba, ndipo gwiritsani gawo lapansi pansi pa pompu kuti muyere.
7. Madzi akatenga masamba a zomera m'nyengo yozizira, ayenera kupukutidwa, kuti mawanga achiwoneka asaonekere.

Kuweta kanyama

Orchids salola kulembera njirayi bwino ndipo imabwezeretsedwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Koma nkofunikira zaka ziwiri zilizonse chifukwa cha kukula kwa chitsamba ndi kufunika kosintha nthaka. Mmene mungasamalire nkhuku patsiku:

1. Musanayambe ndondomekoyi - kugawa mbewu kapena ayi. Ndi bwino kusiya pafupifupi 5 pseudobulbs pamphika.
2. Ng'ombe zimayikidwa kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokula, pambuyo pa mphukira zatsopano mumera kufika 2-3 cm.
3. Phika ayenera kukhala lolimba, ngalande iyenera kuikidwa pansi.
4. Atachotsa chomeracho m'chombo, rhizome imachotsedwa ku gawo lakale. Kwambiri makwinya a pseudobulbs a Cattleya amachotsedwa. Zowola kapena zakufa (zofewa, zofiirira) zimachotsedwa.
5. Kucheka kwa ng ombe kumatulutsidwa ndi ufa wosambira kapena wamala.
6. Kusakaniza kwa dziko lapansi kumapangidwa ndi particles ya makungwa a pine ndi moss.
7. Chomeracho chiyenera kuchoka pakati, kuti pseudobulb yokhoza kutsogolo ikhoze kukhazikitsa ndi kukhazikitsa chithandizo kuti ng'ombeya ikhale yolunjika;
8. Mizu ya orchid imakhala ndi makungwa abwino.
9. Pambuyo poyendetsa chomeracho, ndibwino kutsanulira njira yothetsera (2 magalamu pa lita imodzi).

Ng'ombe - chisamaliro cha kunyumba pambuyo pa maluwa

Orchid imakondwera ndi ma coronal okongola ali wamkulu, chifukwa izi zimafunikira dzuwa ndi madzi okwanira. Ng'ombe zamaluwa masika, autumn, ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira, malingana ndi zosiyanasiyana. Pambuyo pake, kupuma kumayambira, tanthauzo lake limakhala kuti kulibe ntchito iliyonse, ndiye duwa limapuma ndikupeza mphamvu. Ngati kupuma sikukwanira, Cattleya siingaphuke. Malingana ndi zosiyana, nthawi zina zonse zimatha nyengo zosiyanasiyana, koma nthawi zambiri zimachitika m'nyengo yozizira. Ng'ombe pambuyo pa maluwa - chisamaliro:

1. Ndikofunika kuika orchid pamalo ozizira ndi kuwala. Mazira a UV enieni ndi osafunika kwa Ng'ombe, pokhapokha atatha kuphuka.
2. Sikoyenera kuthira manyowa panthawi yopumula.
3. Kuthirira Cattleya kumasowa masiku khumi ndi anayi (14) kuti mababu a mbewu asabzalidwe kapena kufota.
4. Mamwetsani orchid panthawiyi sikofunika, kuti musavunda.
5. Ngati Cattleya ikuphuka kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira kapena kumapeto kwa nyengo, nyengo yonse yotsamba idzayamba m'dzinja.