Maluwa Viola akukula kuchokera ku mbewu - malamulo ofunika kuti mubzala ndi kusamalira

Ngati mukufuna kukongoletsa malo anu ndi zomera zokongola ndi zaulemu, ndiye kuti mudziwe momwe maluwa a viola amakulira, akukula kuchokera ku nyemba m'miphika ndi kutseguka pansi, zidzakhala zothandiza. Ndikofunika kudziwa nthawi komanso momwe mungabzalidwe kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino.

Viola - kukula kwa mbewu

Choyamba muyenera kudziwa komwe zomera zidzakula, ndipo sizingatheke koma kusangalala kuti viola idzayamba mizu yonse pamalo otentha komanso mumthunzi. Pofuna kupeza momwe mungamere viola kuchokera ku mbewu, tiyenera kudziwa kuti dzuwa limakhala lalikulu komanso lowala, koma maluwa - satenga nthawi yaitali. Ndi bwino kusankha gawo limene dzuwa limawala m'mawa ndi dzuwa litalowa, ndipo nthawi zina liyenera kutetezedwa ndi mthunzi. Osayenera kulima ndi malo otsika.

Pali malangizo ambiri omwe mungagwiritse ntchito kuti muwone maluwa okongola:

1. Ndikofunika kuti nthawi zonse muzimwa maluwa, chifukwa mizu ili pamwamba (pamtunda wosachepera 20 cm). Kudzitetezera kuyenera kuchitidwa ngati n'kofunika. Chitani izi madzulo, pogwiritsa ntchito madzi otenthetsa dzuwa.
2. Kuti maluwa alandire zakudya, zimalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza masabata onse 3-4. Popeza kuti pa mita iliyonse lalikulu ayenera kulingalira 25 gm ya superphosphate. Granules ayenera kukulirakulira pansi, ndiyeno kuthirira.
3. Pamene tsamba lachisanu ndi chimodzi likuwoneka, mukhoza kutsitsa tsinde, kuti muthe kukwanitsa bushing bwino.
4. Ngati pachimake chikufalikira, kapena pamene masamba sapangidwe, m'pofunika kutchera pamtunda wa 9-12 masentimita kuchokera pansi. Pambuyo pake, kudya ndi madzi zimayambitsidwa, zomwe zingalimbikitse kukula kwa mphukira zatsopano ndi kukonzanso maluwa.

Viola - kukula kwa mbewu kwa mbande

Pali malamulo angapo ofunikira omwe ayenera kuganiziridwa kuti akule mbande zokongola:

1. Maluwa Viola, akukula kuchokera ku mbewu zomwe zimachitika malinga ndi malamulo, ayenera kusunga mpweya pa 18-20 ° C. Ngati zizindikiro zili zochepa, ndiye kuti ziphuphu ziyenera kudikirira nthawi yaitali. Pamene ziphuphu zikuwoneka, zitsulo ziyenera kusunthira kumalo komwe kutentha kuli 12-15 ° C.
2. Kuti pakhale chitukuko choyenera, duwa ndilofunika kuunika, choncho tsiku lochepetsera kuwala liyenera kukhala maola 14. Ngati kuli koyenera, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala apadera a phytolamps . Popanda kuwala, mbewu za viola zidzatambasuka.
3. Ngati maluwa amakula pa gawo lapansi la peat, palibe feteleza yoyenera kunthaka, koma ndondomeko iyenera kuchitika patatha masabata atatu mutabzala. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza feteleza.

Pamene kudzala viola pa mbande?

Pali njira zitatu zomwe mungatsatire kuti muzitsatira mtundu uliwonse wa chomera ichi:

1. M'dzinja, mukhoza kudzala duwa pamalo otseguka, koma maluwa adzachitika kokha chaka chamawa. Terms of planting a viola kwa mbande - August-September.
2. Kuti muwone maluwa mu chaka chofesa, m'pofunika kufesa duwa kumayambiriro kwa nyengo. Nthawi yabwino ndi yochokera kumapeto kwa February mpaka kumayambiriro kwa March.
3. Maluwa m'chaka chodzala akhoza kupezeka pobzala mbewu m'nyengo yotentha. Nthawi yabwino yotsatirayi ndi May-kumayambiriro kwa June.

Momwe mungamerezere mbewu za viola?

Kuti kukula kumere mwamsanga, mukhoza kuyamba kumera mbeu. Kuti muchite izi, choyamba muzitha kupyolera mwa iwo kuti musankhe machitidwe oipitsidwa. Kumera kwa mbewu za viola sikungakhale kovuta: tenga nsalu kapena pepala la thonje, sungani m'madzi ndikuyiyika pambewu, ndikuphimba ndi nsalu yonyowa. Ikani mu sopo kapena chidebe china ndikuyika masiku angapo pamalo otentha. Ndikofunika kufufuza chinyezi cha nkhaniyi. Pamene mbewu zimabwera kupyolera muzomera, ndiye mutha kubzala.

Imbyo kubzala pa mbande

Mbeu ikadali yokonzeka, mukhoza kupita ku ndondomeko ya inoculation, yomwe imatsatira malangizo awa:

1. Konzani zitsulo zodzala ndi nthaka yachonde ndi yachonde. Ndi bwino kutenga malo ogulitsa sitolo ndikugwirizanitsa ndi mchenga ndi nthaka kuchokera kumunda, kusunga chiwerengero cha 1: 1: 2. Wokonzeka kusakaniza ayenera kutsanulira fungicide chifukwa cha disinfection.
2. Malangizo a momwe mungamere bwino viola pa mbande amasonyeza kuti mukakonzekera kusakaniza, mumayenera kupanga zosalala, kufalitsa mbewu, koma osati zazikulu, ndikuziwaza ndi nthaka.
3. Kuti mbeu ikule, chidebecho chimadza ndi filimu kapena galasi. Ikani malo komwe kuli kutentha ndi mdima, musanayambe. Onetsetsani kuti nthawi zonse muzichita mpweya wabwino.
4. Pamene zikumera zidzatuluka, tenga chidebecho kupita ku kuwala ndikuwatsegula pang'ono kuti alole mpweya wabwino.
5. Kamodzi pamlungu, kadyetsani maluwa, pogwiritsa ntchito ofooka njira ya feteleza feteleza. Nthaka ikauma, imwani madzi pogwiritsa ntchito nebulizer.
6. Kukolola maluwa kumachitika, ndipo kumapeto kwa April, kutentha kumayenera kuyamba mu msewu kapena khonde.

Kodi viola amapita liti?

Funso limene limakhudza atsopano, ndipo apa wina ayenera kudziwa kuti nthawi zambiri, ngati mbewuzo zinali zabwino, ndiye kuti mphukira idzaonekera masiku asanu ndi anayi. Ndikofunika kwambiri panthawiyi kuyendetsa chinyezi cha nthaka ndikuzimasula mofatsa kuti muonjezere kupuma kwa oxygen, koma chitani zonse mosamala kuti musawononge mphukira. Pali chinsinsi chimodzi cha odziwa bwino ulimi wamaluwa - mphukira za viola zimawoneka mofulumira, ngati chidebe ndi mbewu chidzakhala pamalo amdima.

Kuthamanga violas kumera

Pamene masamba enieni amawonekera pa mbande, ayendetse m'magawo osiyana. Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti viola ndi yolimba, choncho ngakhale mizu itawonongeka, idzachira mwamsanga. Ndikofunika kudziwa osati pamene mukufunika kuchotsa viola pambuyo pazidzidzidzi, komanso zina, choncho nthawi zambiri panthawiyi, mbande zimapangidwira, kotero pamene kuikiranso kumafunika kumira kumadzi. Izi zidzasintha maonekedwe a duwa ndikulimbitsa mizu. Pambuyo pake, kukula kudzawonjezeka pambuyo masabata 3-4.

Viola - kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera

Ngati mubzala mbeu kumapeto kwa August kapena mu September, chisanu chisanagwe, chomeracho chidzakhala ndi nthawi yokwera ndikukula mizu yamphamvu. Chimake cha pansies chaka chotsatira kuyambira April kufikira chisanu. Kulima viola pamalo otseguka kumachitika malinga ndi ndondomeko yotsatirayi:

1. Pangani zovuta zosakaniza, kutsanulira iwo ndi supuni mbeu pang'ono. Kuchokera kumwamba, tambani ndi nthaka yawo ndikugwedeza ndi dzanja lanu, koma musamangokakamiza kwambiri. Payenera kukhala mtunda wa masentimita 10 pakati pa grooves.
2. Ndibwino kuti mukhale ndi bedi la pritenit, lomwe lingalimbikitse kukula bwino ndikuletsa kuyanika kwa nthaka. Mwachitsanzo, mukhoza kumanga nthambi zachitsulo kapena masamba.
3. Pamene masamba awiri enieni amapanga mbande, maluwawo amamera. Zimalimbikitsa kuchepetsa mizu yapakati ndi 1/3. Kumalo osatha a kubzala kulikuchitika molingana ndi dongosolo la 25x25 cm.
4. Chonde dziwani kuti chomeracho sichitha pachimake chaka chino, kotero muyenera kuchotsa masamba omwe awonetseka.

Choyambirira cha Viola

Kukongola ndi kutalika kwa maluwa kumakhudzidwa ndi ubwino wa nthaka yomwe kubzalidwa kudzachitika. Kukula pansi bwino kumachita bwino pa dothi la loamy lomwe liri lonyowa ndi lachonde. Ingokumbukirani kuti madzi ochepawo adzachititsa mizu yovunda. Mu malamulo odzala viola, zikuwonetseratu kuti kuyambira ndi kutsegula nthaka kuyenera kuchitidwa. Ngati dzikolo silili lachonde, ndiye kuti mukufunika kupanga feteleza.

Ndi bwino kuganizira kuti ndiletsedwa kuwonjezera humus, koma kusankha bwino ndi superphosphate kapena ammonium nitrate. Kwa thanzi la maluwa, violas, kukula kuchokera ku mbewu ndi kubzala mbewu zimatha kuchitidwa mu peat, zomwe zimakhala ndi kutentha ndipo sizikukhazikika mu chinyezi. Komanso, ali ndi zakudya zambiri. Zitha kuikidwa m'mitsinje yomwe imayenera mbeu.

Kodi mukuyenera kuwaza nthaka ndi mbewu za viola?

Pofesa mapepala kumalo otseguka, ndibwino kuti mbewu iziwazidwa ndi nthaka kuti zisamabalalitse ndi kuzizira mofulumira. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa ngati ndikofunika kufalitsa mbewu za viola mukamabzala pa mbande, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti muwonetsere zosiyana siyana za kufesa, zomwe zimakonda kwambiri florists. Chifukwa cha iye, zimamera zidzawoneka mofulumira, chifukwa siziyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zawo kuyesa kupyola nthaka. Kuti zimere maluwa a viola, pangani nyemba mogwirizana ndi ndondomeko yotsatirayi:

1. Poto ndi nthaka ziyenera kutsanuliridwa ndi madzi otentha. Pamene madzi akumwa, yanikani nyemba pamwamba, ndikuyang'ana pa 1-2 cm.
2. Tsekani chidebe ndi filimu kapena galasi ndikuyiyika pamalo otentha koma amdima. Njira ina ndikutseka chidebecho ndi makatoni. Ndikofunika kuti nthawi zonse aziyendetsa njere.