M'mayiko ambiri a ku Ulaya ndi kumpoto kwa America, chomera chodabwitsa chimakhala chotchuka, kukula ndi kusamalira sikovuta, ndipo machiritso ake ndi zophikira ndizofunikira kwambiri. Asilavo ankagwiritsa ntchito lyubovka ngati udzu wachikondi kapena woteteza, umene umalimbikitsa chikondi ndi kukhulupirika kwa okwatirana.
Lubistok - ndondomeko
Othandizira a ku France amati "udzu wonyansa", a British - "chikondi parsley," chifukwa chakuti zomera zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana kwambiri. Chitsamba lyubovka chimakula mpaka kutalika kwa 1.5-2 mamita, chiri ndi tubular nthambi yachitsulo, chachikulu mizu dongosolo. Lili ndi masamba akulu, onunkhira, onunkhira, akumbukira masamba a udzu winawake. Mphukira kumapeto kwa June - kumayambiriro kwa July, maluwa ake obiriwira-achikasu amapanga inflorescence. Wodzichepetsa, chisanu chosasunthika maluwa lovage - osatha, kubzala ndi kusamalira sikumapereka mavuto apadera.
Mitundu ya lovage
Palibe mitundu yambiri ya okonda, koma onse ndi okongola komanso othandiza. Ambiri omwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi amaluwawa amatcha mitundu yotsatirayi:
- Mtsogoleri. Dzinali limagwirizana ndi makhalidwe abwino a zomera, masamba ake ndi amchere, tchire zimakula mofulumira, zokolola zawo ndizitali (mpaka 2 kg pa mdulidwe).
- Hercules. Mtundu woterewu umatanthawuza kukula kwake, ndi chisanu chopanda chisanu, ndi kukoma kwakukulu. Zokolola zabwino zikuwonekera m'chaka chachiwiri mpaka chaka chachitatu.
- Cupid. Mitengo imakula pang'onopang'ono (mpaka 60 cm), masamba ndi aakulu, onunkhira, chisanu chosagwira, zochepa zokolola, kufika 2-2.5 makilogalamu pa chitsamba.
- Udalets. Ili ndi kukoma kokometsera bwino ndi mankhwala. Kukula mwachikondi kumakhala kotheka kunyumba, chitsamba chosakanikirana, kumakula kufika mamita atatu.
Mmene mungabzalitsire wokondedwa?
Kusankha kudzala lovage m'dera lanu, mudzakhala ndi chomera chosatha chomwe kwa zaka zambiri chidzakondweretsa chomera chake chokoma kuchokera ku kasupe mpaka kumapeto. Omwe akumala akhoza kukwanitsa zonse ndi mbewu ndi magawo a rhizomes a zomera zazikulu (kuyambira pa zaka zitatu). Kukula koyamba kwa mbande ziyenera kuyambika kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March, koma mbewu zikhoza kufesedwa mwachindunji. Kutalikirana pakati pa ming'oma ya lovage kupita osachepera 0,7 - mita imodzi, chomera pamphepo, greenhouses.
Momwe mungabzalitsire wokondedwa ndi mbewu?
Mbewu lovage asanafesedwe ayenera kukhala okonzeka kuti ayambe kumera mwamsanga. Chifukwa cha mafuta ofunikira omwe ali mu mbewu, amakhala ouma kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo mphukira zoyamba zimawoneka patangopita masabata 3-3.5. Pofulumizitsa kukula kwa mbeu, yambani ndi madzi ofunda ndi kutsekemera kwa masiku 1-2. Pangani madzi okwanira imodzi, onjezani 10 g wa phulusa la nkhuni kapena chilengedwe chonse. Pambuyo pa kutupa kwa mbeu, zikhoza kufesedwa, ziyenera kuchitika mu November kapena kumayambiriro kwa masika. Kufesa kwa mbewu zowonongeka kumachitika ku kuya kwa 1-1.5 masentimita, mbande zidzawonekera pambuyo pa masabata 1.5-2.
Momwe mungabzalitsire chikondi chazu?
Mizu yabwino, yamphamvu mu lovage idzachitika pa nthawi yake kuchotsa peduncles, mpaka nthawi yomwe idzaphuka. Kuti mutenge zokolola, chekani muzu wa chomera, muzigawike m'magawo, ndipo aliyense ayenera kukhala ndi impso 2-3, kuwaza malo omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito phulusa. Kukumba ndikugawa mizu kuti mupitirize kubzala kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May. Okonda kulima ndi kusamalidwa bwino sikovuta, "delenki" mwamsanga imayamba mizu, kumera chitsamba pamalo amodzi kudzakhala bwino kwa zaka 6-8, ndiye munda umakonda uyenera kusinthidwa.
Kumene angabzala lovage?
Kusankha malo amene wokondedwa ayenera kubzalidwa, m'pofunika kumupatsa zinthu zomwe mizu yake sidzatha chifukwa cha kuchulukanso kwa chinyezi, ndipo zigawo za pamwambazi sizidzauma chifukwa cha kusowa kwake. Zowonjezereka bwino kulima malo amtunduwu omwe asanakhale ndi umuna musanadzalemo nthaka, nthaka yachonde, chifukwa chomeracho ndi chosatha, njira ya kulima ndi kusamalira sikuphatikizapo kupatsirana. Primer amasankha kuwala ndi madzi, opanda madzi pansi. Chabwino, ngati malo asanakule wokondedwa adabzalidwa ndi kabichi kapena zukini.
Kodi kukula lovage?
Lyubastok ikhoza kumera pamalo otseguka, monga chomera chiri chosagonjetsedwa, osakhala ndi mantha. Kukulitsa chikondi pa kanyumba pakhomo kumafuna zinthu zina:
- Kuloledwa kutsegula nthaka kuti iwononge mizu;
- kuthira madzi okwanira kawiri pamwezi, mpaka 12-15 malita a madzi pa chitsamba chilichonse;
- kavalidwe kawirikawiri kumapeto kwa masika, komanso kusamba kwa masamba, mchere ndi zowonongeka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito;
- Kudula peduncles (ngati mukukula pamera).
Ng'ombe - chisamaliro
Muyenera kusamalira wokondedwa komanso zomera zambiri: samalani kuti namsongole asamamizidwe, kuthirira madzi ndi kudyetsa nthawi, pogwiritsira ntchito kulowetsedwa kwa zitsamba zosiyanasiyana, ndi mullein , phulusa. Pofuna kuchepetsa kukula kwa ntchitozi, mabedi ndi wokondedwa amakonda kugwedezeka . M'chaka choyamba cha kukula, kudula masamba kamodzi, kotero kuti amadyera anali obiriwira, ntchito nayitrogeni yokhala ndi feteleza. Kuti mupeze mizu yayikulu ya mankhwala, yadyetsani tchire ndi phulusa, osaphatikiza nayitrogeni, pambuyo pa zaka 3-4 akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kodi mungakule bwanji wokondedwa mu dziko - kuthirira?
Zokometsera zabwino ndi zonunkhira zokometsera bwino, mchiritsi wodabwitsa - kutentha, kunayamba kukhala wamaluwa ambiri ndi wamaluwa. Kutentha lovage, kubzala ndi kusamalira iwo poyera, musatenge nthawi yambiri ndi khama. Zima-chikhalidwe cholimba sichiri chopanda phindu, sichimafuna nthaka, kupatulapo ena amafunika dzuwa ndi kutentha. Zomwe amaluwa amalangiza kuti mwamsanga kukula lovage kuchokera mbewu kutchire, kumanga Mini-wowonjezera kutentha kwa izi.
Pofuna kuthirira chomera chomwe chili pamalo amdima, pamene chiri chaching'ono kapena chowuma, chomera chachikulu chomwe chili ndi mizu yamphamvu, idzapeza chinyezi. Pambuyo kuthirira, makamaka kumasula nthaka, rasspushivshis, chitsamba chomwecho chidzapanga mthunzi pafupi ndi mizu. Chifukwa chosowa chinyezi, chomeracho chimayamba kutaya masamba, ndi maonekedwe ake - chimatulutsa mphukira yatsopano.
Flower lovage - pamwamba kuvala
Ena wamaluwa amalangizidwa kuti azidyetsa wokondedwa yekha ndi feteleza zokhala ndi feteleza, kuphatikizapo zamoyo. Maluwa okongola, kukula ndi kusamalira amafunika kugwiritsa ntchito, panthawi yobzala komanso kenako - feteleza kuti feteleza. Polimbikitsa mizu yamphamvu ndi yamphamvu, yonjezerani kukula, kamodzi pa masabata awiri, gwiritsani ntchito njira yotsatirayi:
- 10 malita a madzi;
- 20 g wa superphosphate;
- 20 g wa saltpeter;
- 20 g wa phosziyamu chloride.
Kulima okondedwa kumachitika kawirikawiri ndi chithandizo cha mankhwala, kotero ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza zokhazokha zomwe sizikuvulaza thanzi laumunthu. Kumapeto kwa chaka, chaka chachiwiri chokulitsa wokonda, chikhoza kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza "Spring", yomwe imakhala ndi mchere, masabata awiri pambuyo pake - urea (20 g pa mita imodzi). Pakati pa chilimwe mungathe kuwonjezera zipangizo zapakati, ndipo m'dzinja, mudzaze kompositi m'nthaka.
Lyubistok mudziko - matenda
Pamene mukukula wokonda ndi kumusamalira, monga mbeu zambiri zakudimba, pali mwayi wodwala matenda a zomera. Adani ofunika kwambiri a chitsambachi ndi - "karoti ikuuluka" , mphutsi zake zimakhudza mizu ya mbewu ndi "white spotting", kuthandizira kuti maluwawo afe. Zingathe kuonongeka ndi misomali, yomwe, pambuyo poyambitsa, ikhoza kuwononga pang'onopang'ono mphukira zazing'ono. Pa ma testes, wokonda nthawi zambiri amakhala pa nsabwe za m'masamba.
Kukula ndi kusamalira wokondedwa kutchire kumafuna kugwiritsa ntchito njira zogwirira ntchito zogwiritsira ntchito tizirombo ndi matenda. Kuwaza nthaka kumtunda ndi phulusa, ndikuwaza pamwamba ndi phulusa wa phosphorous feteleza, mukhoza kuteteza ku misampha ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Phulusa kuchokera phulusa ndi madzi kuti apange nsonga za mphukira, ngati aphid imawoneka pamwamba, patapita maola 12, tsutsani izi ndi madzi kuchokera ku payipi. Sikoyenera kuti tigwiritse ntchito mankhwala, samaphatikizapo mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito chomera.
Masiku ano, pakati pa wamaluwa, mbewu ngati wokondedwa amakula, kukula ndi kusamalira m'munda, zimakupatsani nthawi yatsopano, yowonjezera komanso yonyeketsa nyama, nsomba ndi saladi ndi mankhwala a matenda ambiri. Kupambana kwake chomerachi chikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi cosmetology, makamaka bwino kupweteka kwa wokondedwa wokonzedwa kuchokera ku 1 tbsp. supuni ya masamba ndi 250 ml ya madzi, kutsuka tsitsi ndi kudyetsa mizu, zimakhala zowala, zowonjezereka, zopanda mphamvu komanso zamphamvu ..