Zamasamba ndi mbali imodzi ya zakudya zabwino. Ambiri a iwo amakula kulikonse kumbuyo ndi dacha. Izi ndi mbatata, zukini, anyezi, kaloti, nkhaka ndi tomato.
Kuchokera m'nkhaniyi mudzaphunzira momwe mungamerekere kaloti wabwino m'dzikoli.
Ogorodniki amakhulupirira kuti kukula kaloti kumunda sikuli kotheka nthawi zonse, popeza kukolola kwake kumadalira:
- nthaka ndi chonde;
- kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono zaulimi;
- zosiyanasiyana;
- nyengo.
Ndipo ngati nthaka, agrotechnics ndi zosiyanasiyana zimatha kuyendetsedwa pamene mukukula kaloti, ndiye kuti simungathe kulingalira nyengo, popeza nthawi zambiri amasintha, kutentha kwachisanu kumapeto kwa mvula, mvula yamkuntho kapena chilala chambiri m'chilimwe. Ngakhale zili choncho, wamaluwawo akubzalabe pang'ono kachigawo kakang'ono ka mizu imeneyi.
Kubzala ndi kukula kaloti
Kaloti amakonda malo a dzuwa ndi dziko lotayirira. Sakonda kwambiri dongo lolemera ndi dothi la asidi. Mu dothi la asidi m'dzinja la fosholo ndikofunika kubweretsa pa galasi la choko kapena ufa wa dolomite. Zotsatila bwino za kaloti ndi: tomato, kabichi, mbatata, anyezi, zukini, nkhaka ndi nyemba.
Tsogolo karoti bedi ayenera kukonzekera autumn. Dulani dziko lapansi pa bayonet, ndi kumayambitsa feteleza a potashi. Mu kasupe, kumasula nthaka ndi kuwonjezera phosphorous feteleza.
Mbeu za karoti zosadulidwa zimakula bwino komanso zimatalika chifukwa cha mafuta ofunika kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, mbewu zimagawidwa ndipo zimachitidwa ndi omenyera kumera kuti zimere.
Kaloti amafesedwa m'chaka, pamene kutentha kumakhala pamwamba + 8 ° C, izi zimachitika kwinakwake mu April-May. Mabedi okonzeka amamasulidwa, namsongole amachotsedwa ndipo grooves amadziwika ndi kuya kwa 1.5-2 cm pamtunda wa masentimita 20 pakati pa mizere. Mizere imatsanulidwa ndi madzi kapena njira yowonjezera ya potaziyamu permanganate, mbewu zimabzalidwa mmenemo, zomwe zimadzazidwa ndi dziko lapansi kuchokera kumwamba ndi mafilimu. Ndi chodzala ichi, kaloti idzakwera kwa masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi limodzi, kenako filimuyo imachotsedwa. Ngati dothi siliri lokwanira, ndipo mbewu sizinasinthidwe, ndiye mphukira siziwoneka posachedwa (masabata 2-3).
Kusamalira kubzala kaloti ndiko kuchita zinthu zotere:
- Kupalira ndi kumasula pambuyo kuthirira ndi mvula iliyonse;
- kuthira madzi okwanira nthawi zonse - mphukira zazing'ono zimamwetsera kawiri pa mlungu, kuwonjezeka pakapita nthawi kufika pa malita 20 pa 1 m2, m'dzinja, popanda mvula - masiku khumi ndi awiri pa 1 sq km;
- Kupatulira mphukira kufika 1 cm, ndi gawo lachisanu 5 - mpaka masentimita 4-5 pakati pa zomera;
- chovala chapamwamba 5 l / m² (10 malita a madzi supuni 1 ya nitrophosphite kapena nitroammofoski) - mwezi umodzi pambuyo pa kutuluka ndipo patatha masiku 25-30;
- mankhwala pa tizirombo ndi matenda - karoti, nsabwe za m'masamba, cercosporosis, zoyera ndi zakuda zowola, bacteriosis, bulauni tsamba, phomosis.
Zinsinsi za kukula kaloti
Pamene mukukula kaloti, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zing'onozing'ono zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuti mukhale ndi zipatso zabwino komanso zokolola zabwino:
- Musagwiritsire ntchito manyowa monga feteleza sikuvomerezeka, popeza pakadali pano munadzaza mizu popanda kulawa;
- kotero kuti nyembazo zimafesedwa mopambanitsa mochepa ndi pang'ono, kuziphatikiza pa chiwerengero cha 1: 1 ndi mchenga;
- kuchepetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mbeu ndiyeno kuti asamachepetsedwe kubzala, ndiye kuti akhoza kudyedwa ndi phala lochepetsera pamapepala ochepa pamtunda wa masentimita asanu, ndipo mutabzala, ingoyanikika kavalo mumtsinje ndikuwaza ndi nthaka;
- Kuti mupeze karoti oyambirira, m'pofunika kufesa iyo pansi pa nyengo yozizira , mbewu yokhayo siinasungidwe kwa nthawi yaitali;
- kwambiri mtunda pakati pa zomera, zazikulu karoti zidzakula;
- pamene mukukolola, kuyeretsani pansi mofatsa ndi manja anu, osati kumenyana pansi kapena wina ndi mnzake;
- sungani kaloti mu malo ozizira ndi mdima wokwera pamwamba.
Pogwiritsa ntchito malangizidwewa pa kukula kaloti kumunda, komanso kubzala mitundu ingapo mosiyana ndi kukhwima ndi kukometsera makhalidwe, mumasiyanitsa ndikupatsa tebulo lanu ndi masamba othandiza kwambiri kwa nthawi yaitali.