Chotupa choopsa cha khungu sichipezeka kawirikawiri kumayambiriro kwa chitukukocho. Chodabwitsa ichi chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chiwonekedwe choyamba cha matendawa, chimafanana ndi birthus (normalus), ndipo nthawi zambiri sichizindikiro. Mwamwayi, pokhapokha patapita nthawi pang'ono, zimakhala zomveka kuti ndi khansa ya khansa yomwe imapezeka - zowonongeka za moyo zimakhala zoipitsa chifukwa cholephera kuchotsa opaleshoni ya chotupacho, kukhalapo kwa multipleast metastases.
Malingaliro a khansa ya khansa ya khungu 1 ndi magawo awiri
Ngati chotupachi chikadziwika kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko, pali mwayi wopindula ngakhale kubwezeretsa kwathunthu kapena kuchotsedwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Mtengo wa prognostic ndiwo makamaka kupweteka kwa chifuwacho kumalo otetezeka a khungu. Nkhonoyi ikamakula kwambiri, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti zithetse vutoli komanso zimakhala zovuta kwambiri.
Pakapita magawo 1-2, chiwerengero cha khansa ya khansa imakhala yaikulu mpaka 2 mm. Chotupacho chikhoza kuphimbidwa ndi zilonda zazing'ono, ngakhale izi sizisonyezo zosadziwika. Maselo a zamoyo amaloŵera m'malo amodzi, samakhudza zinyama zakutali ndi ma lymph nodes.
Chizindikiro cha chigawo choyamba cha khansa ya khansa imadaliranso phototype ya munthuyo. Zatsimikiziridwa kuti anthu otupa kwambiri ndi amdima, choyamba, sakhala ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa, ndipo kachiwiri, amakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza bwino, makamaka pamsinkhu wa 1-2 wa chitukuko.
Komanso, kugonana ndi msinkhu wa wodwala kumakhudza deta yolongosola. Akazi ali ndi maulosi abwino kuposa amuna, komanso achinyamata poyerekezera ndi achikulire.
Kupulumuka kansalu ya khungu kumayerekezera mkati mwa zaka zisanu. Ngati matendawa adapezeka nthawi yake, ndi 66-98%.
Matenda a khansa ya khansa ya khansa 3 ndi 4
Zomwe zafotokozedwa nthawi za chithandizo cha khansa zimakhala ndi zotsatirazi:
- chotupa chachikulu kuposa 2 mm;
- maselo a zamoyo amagawidwa kumagulu oyandikana nawo;
- kukhalapo kwa metastases mu ziwalo zam'mimba ndi ziwalo zina;
- zilonda ndi kukokoloka kwa nthaka pamwamba pa neoplasm;
- kukula kwakukulu kwa chiwombankhanga.
Zonsezi zimaipitsa kwambiri chidziwitso chodziwitsa, popeza ngakhale ngakhale atachotsedwa kansalu yokha, sikutheka kuthetsa maselo otupa akuyenda ndi magazi mwa thupi. Zidzakhala pang'onopang'ono kumalo osiyanasiyana ndi ziphuphu, kuziphwanya. Kupezeka kwa ngakhale khungu limodzi la pathogenic kungapangitse kubwerera kwakukulu kwa matendawa mofulumira kwambiri.
N'kofunikanso kuganizira momwe mungakhalire vutoli. Chizindikiro cha khansa ya khansa ya kumbuyo, chifuwa, mimba ndi mapeto ndi oipitsitsa kusiyana ndi kukula kwa chotupa pa khosi ndi nkhope, makamaka kumapeto kwa khansara.
Malingana ndi zifukwa zina zokhudzana ndi matenda, zaka, kugonana komanso moyo wa wodwala, zaka zisanu zapakati pa msinkhu wa khansa ya khungu zimakhala pakati pa 8-45%.
Kodi matendawa amatha kusintha ngati mankhwala osakanizika a khungu amatha?
Pambuyo pozindikira kuti chotupacho chikayambe kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko, njira yopaleshoni ya kuchotsedwa imayikidwa. Pakapita nthawi, mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito ma radiation , chitetezo cha mthupi ndi ma polychemotherapy (mu zovuta) zikuchitika.
Mwamwayi, kupambana kwa chithandizo kumakhudza zinthu zambiri zosiyana, kotero sizimathandiza nthaŵi zonse ngakhale pamatenda a khansa ya khansa yosakanizidwa 1-2 magawo popanda metastases ku ziwalo zoyandikana ndi minofu. Ngati mankhwalawa sali okwanira, matendawa amayamba kuipa, ndipo zaka zisanu zomwe zimapulumuka sizidutsa 15-20%.