Rose, ngati chomera chilichonse chokongola pa nthawi ya kukula ndi yogwira maluwa, nthawi zambiri amamenyedwa ndi tizirombo ndipo amadwala matenda. Musanayambe kumenyana ndi matenda a maluwa, nkofunika kuyang'anitsitsa bwino mbeu kuti mudziwe bwinobwino zomwe zinawavuta. Kulimbana ndi matenda a maluwa kumaphatikizapo kupopera mankhwala ndi mankhwala, kusakaniza mankhwala. Kusankha kwa izi kapena mankhwalawa kumadalira pa matenda ndi tizirombo zomwe zimakhudza maluwa. Kenaka, tiwona zizindikiro za matenda akuluakulu ndi tizirombo ta maluwa ndikuwuzani momwe mungawachitire ndi matenda.
Matenda ambiri ndi tizirombo ta maluwa:
- kangaude;
- mdima wakuda;
- dzimbiri.
Kangaude mite
Zizindikiro
Ngati maluwa akugwedezeka ndi kangaude, ndiye kuti masamba amatha kuona kuwala kofiira kofiira. Pakapita nthawi, masamba amenewa angayambe kuchepetsedwa, kenako amatha kuchoka kwathunthu. Pa milandu yambiri, pamunsi mwa mphukira mukhoza kusunga mtundu wa "kangaude". Mukayang'anitsitsa masamba pafupi, ndiye pamunsi mwa tsamba mudzawona mbewu zochepa zoyera - izi ndi kangaude. Zikuwonekera pa nkhani ya mpweya wouma kwambiri. Choncho, nthawi zambiri zimakhudza maluwa omwe amakulira kunyumba kapena ku wowonjezera kutentha, kumene kuthekera kwa mpweya wouma kwambiri ndi wapamwamba.
Chithandizo
Kutulutsira nthata zamakono zokwanira kuti ziwonjezere chinyezi mu chipinda ndikutsuka masamba ndi madzi. Pambuyo pake, mukhoza kuwaza masamba a duwa ndi acaricide (phytoverm).
Mdima wakuda
Zizindikiro
M'nyengo ya chilimwe, madontho ang'onoang'ono akuda omwe ali ndi timawu tating'onoting'ono timatha kumawoneka pamasamba. Komanso mungaone kuti masamba apansi ayamba kugwa, ndiye kuti zonsezi ndizitali ndipo masamba onse akhoza kukhala pansi. M'milandu yambiri yosanyalanyazidwa, timapepala timene timangoyamba kutsegula timatha kukhala pa tsinde la duwa.
Mpweya ukhoza kuwonekera chifukwa cha kutentha nkhungu, zomwe zili ndi magawo angapo a chitukuko. Malingana ndi siteji, izi kapena zizindikiro zina za mawonetseredwe a matendawa ndizosiyana.
Gawo loyamba ndi masika: Kuwonongeka kwa tsamba kumatha kale kumapeto kwa mwezi wa April kapena kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May: mabala aang'ono a lalanje ndi a chikasu amatha kuonekera kumbali ya masamba, mphukira zazing'ono. Zomwe zimatchedwa kuti pingules (pingules) zikuwoneka pansi pa tsamba. Zotsatira zake, izi spores zochokera masamba zimatengedwa kupita ku zomera zowonjezera kumera.
Chithandizo
Kotero, mwachitsanzo, ngati muwona malo akuda pamasamba, masamba apansi amatembenukira chikasu ndikugwa, ndiye mukhoza kuwaza masamba a roses ndi mahatchi kapena mullein. Komanso zoyenera kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi zokonzedwa ndi mancozeb (Ridomil Gold, Phindu) ndi triazole (Skor, Topaz). Kuwonjezera apo, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe angapangitse kukana kwa maluwa ku matenda: immunofitsit, zircon, amulet, El.
Kutupa
Zizindikiro
Ngati dzimbiri fungira limakhala pamasamba a duwa, masamba angayambe kutembenukira chikasu, kugwa, ndipo mphukira zazing'ono zidzagwada ndi kuuma.
Gawo lachiwiri - udostadiya - limabwera mu July. Mitundu yaying'ono yofiira yofiira imapezeka pamunsi mwa tsamba. Pamwamba pa pepala pangakhale mawanga ofiira ndi achikasu omwe ali ndi malo okukula ndi kuphimba mbali yonse ya tsamba. Mphukira ikhoza kuyamba kuphulika, kupunduka ndi kusokoneza.
Gawo lachitatu - telish-toastady - limabwera kumapeto kwa August - kumayambiriro kwa September. Ma pustules amayamba kuundana. M'mphepete mwa nthatazi, bowa amatha kupulumuka m'nyengo yonse yozizira.
Mizere iwiri yomaliza ikhoza kuwonetsa zotsatira zake: kufooka kwa mbewu, masamba owuma komanso kufa kwa maluwa.
Mpweya ukhoza kuoneka pamasamba chifukwa cha mvula yambiri. Ngati nyengo ili yotentha ndi yowuma, ngozi ya dzimbiri ndi yochepa.
Chithandizo
Chovuta kwambiri kuthana ndi dzimbiri. Chithandizo ndi chimodzimodzi ndi chida chakuda.
Ngati masamba ali ndi dzimbiri m'magazi akuluakulu, ndiye kuti chithandizochi sichinachitike. Malo okhudzidwa amachotsedwa ndikuwotchedwa. Pankhaniyi,
Kupewa Matenda a Rose
Pofuna kupewa matenda, nkofunika kutsatila malamulo a zaulimi, kupanga feteleza zovuta, nthawi zonse kutsuka masamba ndi kukonzekera mankhwala (mwachitsanzo, pangani yankho la superphosphate ndi potassium nitrate, mankhwala a mkuwa kapena sabata sulfur).
Pansi pa zochitika za kukula kwa duwa komanso malamulo oyenera kumusamalira, zomera sizidzakhala zochepetsedwa ndi matenda komanso matendawa.