Pygmalion ndi wolimba kwambiri m'nthano zachigiriki, yemwe anali wojambula modabwitsa komanso mfumu ya Kupro. Malinga ndi nthano, tsiku lina adapanga chithunzi chokongola chomwe amamukonda koposa moyo. Iye anapempha milungu yomwe amamuukitsa, ndipo anakwaniritsa pempho lake. Mu psychology, Pygmalion effect (kapena Rosenthal effect) ndichizoloŵezi chomwe munthu amatsimikiza mokwanira za kulondola kwa chidziŵitso mwachindunji mwa njira yomwe amalandira chenicheni chenichenicho.
Zotsatira za Pygmalion - kuyesa
Zotsatira za Pygmalion imatchedwanso kuti maganizo a zifukwa zolingalira. Zinatsimikiziridwa kuti chodabwitsa ichi n'chofala kwambiri.
Asayansi athandizira kutsimikizira mawuwa mothandizidwa ndi kuyesera kwachikale. Aphunzitsi a sukulu adadziwitsidwa kuti pakati pa ophunzira ali ndi mphamvu komanso osakwanitsa ana. Ndipotu, onse adali ndi chidziwitso chofanana. Koma chifukwa cha zomwe aphunzitsi anali kuyembekezera, kusiyana kunayambira: gulu lomwe linalengezedwa ngati lopambana, linalandira zizindikiro zapamwamba poyesera kuposa zomwe zinanenedwa zosatheka.
Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, ziyembekezo za aphunzitsi zidasamutsidwa mopititsa patsogolo kwa ophunzira, ndipo adawakakamiza kuti azigwira ntchito bwino kapena zoipitsitsa kuposa nthawi zonse. M'buku la Robert Rosenthal ndi Lenore Jacobson, kuyesedwa koyamba kunafotokozedwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziyembekezo za aphunzitsi. Chodabwitsa, izi zinakhudza ngakhale zotsatira za mayeso a IQ.
Chotsatira cha kuyesedwacho chinasonyeza kuti izi zimapangitsa kuti "ana ofooka" athandize ana awo ku mabanja osauka. Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti amaphunzira zovuta kwambiri chifukwa ziyembekezo za aphunzitsi pokhudzana ndi maphunziro awo ndizolakwika.
Kuphatikiza pa zoyesayesa zoterezi, kafukufuku wambiri anachitidwa, zomwe zinatsimikiziranso kukhalapo kwa chikhalidwe ndi maganizo a Pygmalion. Izi zimakhudza kwambiri magulu a amuna - m'magulu, mu cadet corps, mu mafakitale ndi mining enterprises. Izi ndi zoona makamaka kwa anthu omwe samakhulupirira utsogoleri, koma omwe sayembekezera chilichonse chabwino.
Kodi mungafotokoze bwanji Pygmalion?
Pali mabaibulo awiri omwe amamasulira zotsatira za Pygmalion. Wasayansi Cooper amakhulupirira kuti aphunzitsi omwe ali ndi zotsatira zosiyana, amanena mawu osiyana kwa ophunzira a magulu awiriwa, amagwiritsa ntchito kuyankhulana ndi kuyesa. Powona izi, ophunzirawo adasinthidwa ku zotsatira zosiyana.
Wofufuza Bar-Tal akunena kuti zonse zimadalira kuti aphunzitsi ayambe kuganiza kuti kulephera kwa gulu "lofooka" liri ndi zifukwa zoyenera. Amakhazikika molingana, kupereka zizindikiro zenizeni ndi zosayankhula zomwe zimasonyeza kusakhulupirira mu gulu lino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zitheke.
Mphamvu ya Pygmalion mu Management
Mwachizoloŵezi, zotsatira za Pygmalion ndizomwe ziyembekezero za mameneja zingakhudze zotsatira za ntchito ya ogonjera. Pali chizoloŵezi chomwe chimakhala chodziwikiratu: oyang'anira omwe amawona kuti antchito amalandira kwambiri zotsatirapo kuposa iwo omwe amakhulupirira kuti onse omwe ali pansi ndi osocheretsa mwachidule. Malingana ndi zotsatira zomwe woyang'anira wamkulu adakhazikitsidwa, ogwira ntchito akugwira ntchito.
Pygmalion zotsatira mu moyo
Kawirikawiri mumatha kumva mawu omwe ali kumbuyo kwa munthu aliyense wopambana ndi mkazi yemwe amamupanga iye mwanjira imeneyo. Izi zingathenso kukhala chitsanzo chabwino cha Pygmalion effect.
Banja lisakhale lolemetsa, munthu ayenera kulimbikitsidwa ndi banja lake chifukwa cha moyo wake komanso moyo wake. Munthu ali ndi mtima woyenera m'banja. Komabe, izi sizimakupatsani ufulu wodzudzula achibale anu zolephera: ichi ndi chinthu china chowonjezera, ndipo mtsogoleri wamkulu wa moyo wa munthu ali yekha. Ndipo ziri kwa iye kusankha ngati iye apambana, wolemera ndi wokondwa, kapena ayi.