Mphepete sikumangomvetsa chisoni, komwe kumayambitsa mavuto, komanso chizindikiro chokwanira chomwe chingasonyeze matenda osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake pali thukuta pammero, tidzakambirana zambiri.
Matenda opatsirana ndi otupa
Chinthu chimodzi chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a thukuta pammero, nthawi zina chimakhala chifuwa, ndi matenda opuma a tizilombo kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, pharyngitis, laryngitis, rhinopharyngitis, ndi zina zotero. Chifukwa cha kutupa kwa matendawa, matendawa amatha kufalikira kumtunda wakupuma, zomwe zimayambitsa maonekedwe:
- kutentha kwa thupi;
- chifuwa chachikulu;
- kufooka kwakukulu;
- kupuma pang'ono.
Kuvulala kwa mucosa
Kutupa kwakukulu pammero kumatha chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mucous memxane ya pharynx ndi larynx ndi chinthu chachilendo chimene chagwera mmenemo, kapena atakumana ndi vuto lalikulu kuchokera kunja, kumbali ya khungu. Poyankha kuvulazidwa kwa mucous mu yoyamba, pali thukuta ndi chifuwa chosasunthika chomwe chikuwoneka ngati chitetezo cha thupi pofuna kuchotsa thupi lachilendo. Ngati pali vuto linalake lopweteka pamtima, thukuta limapezeka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa magazi m'thupi lomwe limapezeka mu submucosal wosanjikiza la larynx, lomwe limalowerera pang'ono kulowa mu lumen ndipo limawonedwa ngati thupi lachilendo.
Zovuta
Kuwonekera kwa zovuta zonse (fumbi, tsitsi la khungu, mungu wa zomera, kutuluka kwa mankhwala, ndi zina zotero) pa njira yopuma imayambitsanso thukuta pammero. Zimachititsa kuti maonekedwe a chizindikirochi akhoze komanso zakudya zowonjezera chakudya, zomwe zimayambitsa komanso kutupa kwa timadzi timene timapanga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Chizunzo pammero usiku chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zovuta zowonjezera mabokosi kapena mabulangete.
Matenda a mphuno
Kugwedeza mobwerezabwereza pammero kumayambitsidwa ndi zifukwa zomwe zimayenderana ndi chikhalidwe cha ntchito:
- kugwira ntchito kudera lopanda nthaka;
- khalani m'chipinda chouma, mpweya wokwanira;
- katundu wochuluka wa mawu.
Matenda a mphuno zapamwamba amadziwikanso ndi kusintha kwa mawu, maonekedwe a mantha, mantha.
Neurosis ya pharynx
Chifukwa cha kuzunzika kosalekeza pammero nthawi zina ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono - matenda okhudzana ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa mitsempha yopanda phokoso, kapena ubongo wawo mu ubongo. Pankhaniyi, popanda chizunzo, pali zizindikiro, kupweteka ndi kupweteka kummero, kumverera kwa kusadutsa "mtanda", kukambirana ndi kumeza zovuta. Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha kupwetekedwa, kupweteka kwakukulu kwa matenda a ubongo, zotupa za ubongo, ndi zina zotero.
Matenda a chithokomiro
Nthawi zambiri kuzunzidwa pamphuno kumapezeka matenda a chithokomiro, kuphatikizapo kuwonjezeka kwa kukula kwake kapena maonekedwe a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma chithokomiro. Pankhaniyi, ziwalo ndi mitengo ya mitsempha yomwe ili pafupi ndi imodzi, yomwe imatsogolera ku mawonekedwe a thukuta.
Matenda a dongosolo la m'mimba
Nthaŵi zina, chimphepo chimapezeka chifukwa cha matenda monga reflux gastroesophagitis. Matendawa
Pershenie, akuwonekera pang'onopang'ono atatha kudya ndikukhala ndi zizindikiro monga kupweteka kwa mtima, kupweteka, ukali m'kamwa, nthawi zambiri amasonyeza matenda oterowo:
- gastritis ;
- ululu;
- cholecystitis, ndi zina zotero.