Mu moyo wa munthu aliyense, udindo waukulu umasewera ndi banja ndi ukwati, ndipo kusudzulana sikungokhala kusintha kwa moyo wanu, komanso kumapangitsa kusintha kwanu. Mosiyana ndi nthano zowonongeka, nthawi zonse kusudzulana - kusudzulana, kumawonetseratu zoipa m'mbali zonse za moyo. Ndipo, komabe, maukwati a chiwerengero ndi kusudzulana amatsimikizira kuti oposa theka lakwati amatha, osakhalapo kwa zaka khumi. Akatswiri a zamagulu ndi akatswiri a zamaganizo ayesera kupeza zifukwa zazikulu za zochitika izi, mothandizidwa ndi chiwerengero cha deta ndi kafukufuku wa magulu osiyanasiyana a anthu omwe ali okwatirana, koma monga momwe kufufuza kwa chiwerengero cha maukwati ndi kusudzulana kwasonyeza, zotsatira sizingaganizidwe mosavuta, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimatsutsana ndi zenizeni. Kwa zifukwa zingapo, ukwati kapena kusudzulana sizinakhazikitsidwe nthawi zonse, zomwe zimasokoneza ziwerengerozo.
Chiwerengero cha chikwati ndi chilekano
M'zaka zaposachedwapa, makamaka panthawi ya mavuto azachuma, pakhala pali chizoloŵezi chochepetsera chiwerengero cha kusudzulana. Zikuwoneka kuti izi ziyenera kuchitira umboni kuti kulimbikitsidwa kwa bungwe la banja, koma akatswiri a zaumoyo amalemba zifukwa zosiyana. Kuipa kwa chikhalidwe cha nzika zambiri kumawapangitsa kukhala ogwidwa ndi ogwira ntchito pamodzi, zikudziwikanso kuti mavuto a nyumba amathandiza kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi nyengo isanayambe mavuto, maukwati ndi kusudzulana ku Russia kwacheperachepera, kuphatikiza pa mavuto azachuma, pali vuto la anthu. Malingana ndi chiwerengero cha kusudzulana, Russia ikuyamba, yachiŵiri - Belarus, ndi Ukraine imatenga malo atatu. M'mayiko otukuka kwambiri ku Ulaya, chiwerengero cha maukwati ndi kusudzulana ndi zosiyana kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, dziko la Sweden ndilo 15 pa chiwerengero cha mabanja osudzulana, omwe ali ndi amuna 50% komanso 40% mwa amayi osakwatirana.
Ziwerengero za maukwati ndi kusudzulana ku Ukraine zikuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa chuma, chiwerengero cha kusudzulana chinachepa, pamene chiŵerengero cha anthu chosakhutira ndi maubwenzi a banja chinawonjezeka. Deta ya chiwerengero imakhudzidwanso ndi kufalikira kwa mabanja apachiweniweni, omwe sanalembedwe mwalamulo.
Kusudzulana m'banja lokwatirana
Pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, okwatirana ambiri amakonda ukwati wawo. Kukwatirana ndi kusudzulana popanda kulembetsa ndi kosavuta pa zifukwa zambiri. Kukonzekera kwaukwati kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kusiyana ndi kusudzulana muukwati waumwini, osati chifukwa cha zifukwa zakuthupi, komanso chifukwa cha chikhalidwe cha anthu, monga momwe maukwati angapo amachitira mbiri.
Ambiri amakonda ukwati wawo pambuyo pa kusudzulana, poyesera kupewa kubwereza zolakwa zawo. Mofananamo, maubwenzi samalembera chifukwa chosafuna kutenga udindo, chifukwa cha kusatsimikizika kwa mnzanu kapena chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwachuma. Mkhalidwe wa zachuma m'dzikoli ndi chinthu chofunikira chomwe chimakhudza kuwonjezeka
Mu lamulo la Ukraine ndi Russia palibe chinthu chofanana ndi chikwati cha boma. Koma, ngakhale zili choncho, ndime 74 ya Criminal Code imayesa kugawidwa kwa katundu pokhapokha pokhapokha banja lidzakwatirana. Gawo 2 la Art. 21 UK amasonyeza kusowa kwa ufulu ndi maudindo pakati pa mwamuna ndi mkazi, ngati ukwati sunalembedwe. Choncho, nkhani ya kugawa kwa katundu imathetsedwa m'khoti, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zogwirizana ndi mwiniwake wa malowo. Kuonetsetsa kuti kusudzulana paukwati sikunayambitse mavuto, muyenera kulemba umwini wa nyumba ndi malo ena.
Ukwati pambuyo pa kusudzulana
Zimakhulupirira kuti kukwatira kapena kukwatira kukakhala kolimba kuposa kale, chifukwa cha zomwe zinapindula. Koma chiwerengero cha maukwati ndi kusudzulana kumatsimikizira kuti zosiyana - maukwati omwe amabwereza amathera nthawi zambiri. Kawirikawiri zovuta zokhudzana ndi banja loyamba ndi kusudzulana zimafotokozedwa paukwati wachiwiri. Kulankhula mwachidule, pamene mukukumana ndi vuto mu chiyanjano, pali kuyembekezera kubwereza mavuto omwewo ndi watsopano. Mwachitsanzo, ngati chifukwa cha kusudzulana kunali kusakhulupirika kwa mwamuna kapena mkazi wake, ndiye kuti mwamuna wonyenga adzakhala ndi nsanje yopanda nzeru ndi mkazi wina, amene pakapita nthawi angayambitse kusamvana ndi kudana wina ndi mzake. Komanso, chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwaukwati mobwerezabwereza ndi chisankho chofulumira, pamene okondedwa sagwirizana chifukwa cha ubwenzi wapamtima, koma chifukwa akufuna kuchotsa kusungulumwa komwe kunachitika pambuyo pa chisudzulo.
Malingana ndi chiwerengero, akazi amalowa m'banja pambuyo pa chisudzulo ndizovuta, makamaka patapita zaka 50. Pa nthawi yomweyi, amuna a m'badwo uwu nthawi zambiri amapanga banja latsopano, ndi kukwatira akazi achitsikana.
Lamulo lalamulo la ukwati ndi chisudzulo
Mu malamulo a dziko lirilonse pali malamulo a banja oyenerera kutetezera maubwenzi a banja, komanso kuwongolera nkhani zokhudzana ndi ufulu ndi ntchito za okwatirana motsutsana wina ndi mnzake ndi ana. Vuto lalikulu mu chilekano ndikogawidwa kwa katundu ndi tanthauzo la maudindo kwa ana ndi ana olumala.
Pamene nyumbayi igawanika, zifukwa zambiri zimaganiziridwa, koma katundu wokhazikika mu ukwati wothandizana ndi gawolo. Ndikofunika kuganizira kuti ngati chibwenzicho chitatha nthawi yaitali kuti banja lisathe, zonse zomwe zimaperekedwa pa nthawi yolekanitsa zimagwirizanitsidwa, ndipo zingagawidwe pakati pa okwatirana. Ngati nthawi ya kuchepetsa ntchito yatha kuyambira tsiku la kutha kwa banja (monga lamulo, zaka zitatu), ufulu wogawanitsa katunduyo waletsedwa. Choncho, ngati kusudzulana sikungayambitse malamulo a malamulo, ndipo nthawi yomweyo perekani mawu ofunikira kuti athetse mavuto.
Kalata yothetsa banja pambuyo pa kusudzulana ingakhale yothandiza kuthetsa mavuto omwe akukhudzana ndi kusintha dzina, kulembetsa malo okhala komanso nthawi zina. Choncho, m'pofunika kusunga kalata kapena kapepala, komanso ndondomeko zonse za khothi.
Popempha kuti athetse banja, nthawi zambiri, okwatirana amapatsidwa nthawi yopanga chisankho chomaliza. Koma nthawi zambiri anthu okwatirana amasunga ukwati wawo, chisudzulo chimasankha
Masiku ano, kulembetsa ukwati ndi kusudzulana n'kosavuta kusiyana ndi kale. Kumbali imodzi, izi zimapewa kuvutika chifukwa cha ubale wosakhutira, komabe, zimakhudza kwambiri udindo pakusankha wokondedwa ndipo nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa mavuto aakulu m'maganizo osati kwa okwatirana okha, komanso kwa ana obadwa m'banja losasangalala. Mulimonsemo, munthu sayenera kuiwala kuti cholinga cha ubale weniweni ndi chikhumbo chokhala ndi moyo wachimwemwe m'chikondi ndi mgwirizano, motero, ndikofunikira kuyandikira nkhani yolenga banja mosamala, motsogoleredwa ndi kumverera ndi kulemekeza kwakukulu pakati pa zibwenzi.