Mazira - kukula ndi kusamala panja, mbali za mitundu yabwino

Ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi biringanya zanu patebulo, kulima ndi kusamalira kumbuyo kwawo kungatheke bwino. Iwo amadziwika pakati pa mtundu wa Solanaceae palimodzi ndi tomato, mbatata ndi tsabola, koma kulima "buluu", monga iwo amatchedwanso amayi, ali ndi makhalidwe ake omwe.

Mitedza ya biringanya yotseguka

Kulima kulikonse kumalangiza kuti muzisankha zopindulitsa kwambiri, zosamveka bwino komanso zoyamba kucha zakuda. Zimasiyana ndi kukula ndi mawonekedwe a chipatso, nthawi ya kucha, ngakhale mthunzi wa masamba, kupatula lilac, pali azitona, mkaka, wofiira, zofiira. Mitundu yabwino ya biringanya yotseguka:

1. Alekseevsky ndi mitundu yofulumira, yobala, chitsamba chofikira 70 masentimita mu kukula. Zakudya za Violet, 145 magalamu, zofewa komanso zopanda chifundo.
2. Robin Hood - chizindikirochi chimayamba kutsutsana ndi zovuta, chitsamba chimakula mpaka mamita 1, zipatso zimakhala zazikulu - kufika 300 g. Mbewu ndi zamoyo zabwino kwambiri.
3. Diamondi - zolemba zokolola (8 makilogalamu pa 1 mita ² ), shrub yazitali 56 cm, zipatso zakuda zofiira, 165 magalamu, thupi ndi zobiriwira.
4. Wokongola wakuda - amadziwika ndi kulemera kwa zipatso (pafupifupi 200 g), amadziwika ndi zokolola zabwino ndikumana ndi matenda.
5. Epic F1 - yoyenera kulima m'madera ambiri a dzikolo, zipatso zofiirira-zofiira ndi mdima zimabala msanga.

Kubzala biringanya pamalo otseguka

Buluu ndi chikhalidwe chokonda komanso chachikondi. Kubzala maubereji pamalo otseguka akukonzekera pa malo omwe dziko lapansi limapsa mtima ndi dzuwa, palibe mphepo yoziziritsa. Mawokosi osankhidwa a buluu ali ndi makina osungunuka, mchenga ndi loamy. Olemetsawo amamera ndi peat kapena humus mofanana ndi chidebe pa 1 m ² . Biringanya - nightshade, kukula ndi kusamalira poyera pansi ndiloledwa pafupi ndi tsabola ndi tomato, osati pambuyo pawo. Zopindulitsa zabwino za buluu zinali kaloti, anyezi, kabichi, nkhaka, nandolo, mavwende.

Kodi mungabzala bwanji aubergines pamalo otseguka?

Sinenki amakonda kutentha, musati mukhale ozizira komanso mu malo ochepetseka amalimidwa mothandizidwa ndi mbande. Biringanya, kukula ndi kusamalira kunja - kukonzekera zokolola:

• nyengo yofesa - pakati pa March;
• Mbewu yosankhidwa ya theka la ora imayikidwa ndi yankho la manganese, imasungidwa m'madzi otentha (+ 50 ° C) kwa mphindi makumi awiri;
• Mbeu zimatambasulidwa pa thonje za thonje za thonje, zimatulutsa, zimatha proklyutsya pakatha masiku 6-7;
• chifukwa mbande zimatenga mchenga, humus ndi mchenga wabwino kuphatikizapo 5: 3: 1;
• Pakuti kufesa ndi zowonjezera miphika kapena mapepala, ma granules amakula ndi 1 cm;
• Mbeu zodzala ndi cellophane, madzi, zimakhala pa 25 ° C;
• pamene kamera kakang'ono kamapezeka, amasungidwa ku + 16 ° C, kudula madzi okwanira;
• musanafike m'madzi okhala ndi nthaka kwa masiku 2-3 omwe amaika dzuwa kwa mphindi 15 kuti asamalidwe maluwa mumsewu;
• Nthawi yokonzekera ya mbande ndi masiku 60-75.

Kubzala nyemba za biringanya pamalo otseguka kumachitika ngati mphukira ili ndi masamba asanu ndi mizu 10 sentimenti. Pochita izi, maenje amapangidwa, kutsanulira ndi madzi ofunda, mbande zimachokera mu kapangidwe ka madzi musanafike masamba awiri oyambirira limodzi ndi dothi ladekha. Bzalani musanadzalemo kwambiri. Nthaka yozungulira chitsamba ndi yamphongo, yokhala ndi peat. Bzalani mbande, pakuwona kusiyana pakati pa mizere 60 cm ndi phazi pakati pa zitsanzo za masentimita 40.

Kodi chodzala eggplants kutseguka?

Mbeu zowonongeka zimayikidwa pansi mukabzala mabakiteriya pamalo otseguka kale ndi otetezeka ndipo palibe chiopsezo cha usiku. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti muzitha kuika mbeu - kutentha kwa dziko lapansi ndi 18 ° C, zaka za mphukira ndi miyezi 2-2.5, kutalika kwake ndi 17-25 masentimita.Koma mbali yaikulu ya malo osakhala a Black Earth Region, nyengo ya kubzala bwino kwa mbewu imakhala pa June oyambirira.

Kodi mungamange bwanji eggplants panja?

Mitengo ya maluwa panthawi ya kulima imafuna kutsekemera kwa gawo lapansi, kuthirira nthawi zonse, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza, kulamulira namsongole, mafinya. Nthawi zina tchire timayambitsidwa ndi shuga manyuchi pa maluwa kuti tiyese tizilombo kuti tiipitse mazira ambiri. Nthawi yosakaniza ya mitundu yoyambirira ija ndi masiku 100, mochedwa - 150. Sungani mbeu yokolola masiku 40 mutatha maluwa. Amadula ndi mpeni, buluu watsopano akhoza kusungidwa kwa mwezi umodzi. Kusunga machitidwe onse akusamalira kudzakuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi zokolola zazikulu - 2-8 kg / m ² .

Kodi kutentha kwa aubergines kumakhala kotani?

Kukula maubereku kutchire kumafuna kukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse za teknoloji yaulimi. Kutentha koyenera kwa chitukuko chabwino cha chikhalidwe ndi 25-28 ° С. Pansi pa zinthu zosakwana 15 ° C, zomera zimalepheretsa kukula. Pakuipa kapena kupitirizabe kuphatikizapo kutentha kumwalira. Ambiri amakhudzidwa ndi zofunikira za mbande. Kusintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha kumayambitsa kugwa kwa masamba, mazira.

Mabedi a biringanya pamalo otseguka

Munda wamaluwa pansi pa biringanya uyenera kuunikiridwa bwino ndi kutsukidwa namsongole. Njira yabwino ndiyo kudzala mbande m'mizere ndi mtunda wosapitirira mita imodzi. Pa nthawi ya kukula, chitsamba chimasaka kawiri ndi nthaka pansi pazu. Young mbande amaopa usiku ozizira. Choncho, palibe choyenera kuchita koma kuphimba biringanya pamalo otseguka ndi nyengo yozizira. Pakuti cellophane iyi imayendayenda pamakoma a waya, imayikidwa pamtunda wa mamita 1 pamwamba pa bedi. Kuyeretsa kwathunthu pa kuyamba kwa kutentha kozizira, kawirikawiri pambuyo pa June 15.

Dothi la biringanya lotseguka pansi

Nthaka imakhala yolimba, yosavomerezeka kapena yosavomerezeka. Mazira, kukula ndi kusamalira kumalo otseguka, omwe amayamba m'dzinja ndi kukonzekera kwa dzikolo, samakhala ndi vuto lililonse. Malowa amayamba kukumba mozama mu bayonet ndi kuwonjezera kwa manyowa a madzi, opanda namsongole, omwe amatetezedwa nawo. Pofuna kuteteza matenda ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tenga 1-2 tbsp mkuwa sulfate pa ndowa.

Chapakatikati amatha kukumba mozama, pamodzi ndi mchenga (kapena utuchi) ndi feteleza: 10-20 g wa ammonium nitrate, 40 g wa superphosphate, 20 g wa potaziyamu kloridi kuphatikizapo 3 makilogalamu a humus pa 1 mita imodzi. Pambuyo pa bedi, mtedzawo umasungunuka ndi wothira. Pa masabata angapo oyambirira mutatha kubzalidwa kwa eggplants, mbewu zimabzalidwa, kukula ndikuzisamalira zimakhala zofunikira kwambiri podpushivanie ku 10 cm masentimita Njira iyi imapangitsa kuti mpweya wa mpweya ufike pozukulu.

Kodi mungapange bwanji biringanya pamalo otseguka?

Pofuna kupeza chitsamba chokongola ndi cholimba cham'munsi zimayambira, biringanya ndi pamphleted pamalo otseguka. Mbewu ikafika pamtunda wa 30 masentimita, thunthu pamwamba limadula nsonga. Kuchokera ku mphukira zatsopano musankhe mphamvu 4-5, zina zowonongeka. Pa otsala otsala, mbeu za mbewu zidzapangidwa. Pa fayilo imodzi, osapitirira 20 ovariya amasiyidwa panthawi imodzimodzi, rosettes amadulidwa, kotero kuti masitepe owonjezera samatenga zakudya kuchokera ku masamba.

Kodi kudyetsa eggplants kutseguka?

Zomera zam'maluwa, kulima ndi kusamalira pamalo otseguka, omwe amachitika malinga ndi agrotechnics, amafunikira zina feteleza. Kudyetsa malamulo:

1. Yambani kumera mbeu kwa masiku khumi ndi asanu ndi limodzi (10-15) ndi kusakaniza mchere: 50 g wa superphosphate, kuphatikizapo 10 g wa ammonium nitrate, 20 g wa potaziyamu mchere pa 10 malita a madzi. Kwenikweni chomeracho chimayankhidwa ndi zodzoladzola ndi manyowa a madzi.
2. Chachiwiri kudya ana aubergine kumalo otseguka akukonzekera masiku 20 chiyambireni, zomwe zimachitika mchere mowirikiza kawiri.
3. Kubwezeretsa kwachitatu ndikofunikira pa siteji ya fruiting: mu malita 10 a madzi, 80 g ya urea ndi superphosphate komanso 10 g wa potaziyamu kloride amasungunuka.
4. Yankho lake limatsanulira pansi pa chitsamba, atatha kuvala pamwamba, chomeracho chimatsanulidwa ndi madzi oyera, kuti asatenthe mizu.

Momwe mungamwetse maubereji pamalo otseguka?

Sinenki - zomera zosakanikirana, kusamalira nkhumba zimasonyeza kuti zimakhala zowonjezera. Choyamba, mbewu sizimamwe madzi, koma zimamwetsa, ngati nthaka yayuma. Kuthira koyamba kwa mbande kumachitika patatha masiku atatu, ndiye m'mawa, sabata iliyonse. M'nyengo yotentha, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zikuwonjezeka. Madzi apopopera maola 24 akutetezedwa ku chlorine potsekedwa, mutenthetsa 25 ° C. Mpesa wothirira ndi pafupifupi 10 malita pa 1 m ² . Ndikofunika kutsanulira madzi pansi pazu, osati kugwa pa masamba. Simungalole kuti mapangidwe apangidwe apangidwe - kusamalira zomera kumatulutsa kumasula.

Mbali za kulima biringanya, matenda ndi tizirombo

Maluwa Ophikira ndizo zinsinsi za kukula:

• Amakonda kuwala, kumeta ndi kukonzedwa pansi pa korona ya mitengo ndi zitsamba zimachepetsa kukula kwa chikhalidwe;
• Nthaka ya mulching ndi humus mutabzala ili ndi zotsatira zabwino pa buluu;
• Chifukwa chosowa masamba amatha kugwa, ndi zamasamba zimakhala zovuta;
• kuti mupeze zipatso zazikulu ndi zokongola, phulani pa masamba odulidwa pa mlingo wa masamba awiri pa buluu. Zomwe zimayambitsa mafinya zimachotsedwa kwathunthu;
• Mu mvula nyengo zomera zimaphimba ndi mazira ozizira kuti asawononge maonekedwe a zowola.

Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa abereji pamene kulima ndi kusamalidwa kumunda kumayambitsa matenda, tizirombo:

1. Matenda a bakiteriya wakuda spotting, mkati mwa necrosis. Amasiya mawanga pa zipatso. Monga njira yothandizira, ndikofunikira kusonkhanitsa mbewu kuchokera ku zamasamba zathanzi, kutayika kwapadera kwa nthaka ndi mkuwa sulphate, kuwonongeka kwa zotsalira za zomera zakale m'mabedi amtsogolo.
2. Masamba a Mose. Matenda opatsirana, kuwononga zokolola. Kuteteza ndi kusamalira: Mbeu zimayambika ndi potaziyamu permanganate; Mbeu zimamwetsedwa ndi mkaka wosakanizidwa m'madzi (1:10), kenako amawonetsedwa ndi filimu; Kugwiritsa ntchito, zipangizo ndi mabokosi ali ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi potassium permanganate.
3. Nsabwe za m'masamba. Amadyetsa madzi kuchokera ku mphukira, chiwonongeko cha Carbofos chimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
4. Kangaude mite. Selitsya pansi pa tsamba. Pakuti kupambana kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kulowetsedwa kwa anyezi kapena dandelion, ndi kuwonjezera kwa sopo wamadzi.
5. Slugs. Kuvulaza masamba ndi zipatso. Choyambirira pafupi ndi chitsamba chiyenera kukonzedwa ndi phulusa, mchere, tsabola wofiira, fumbi la fodya.