Chidziwitso cha kunthunthumira kwa ziwalo kapena matenda a Parkinson, omwe adafotokozedwa koyamba m'chaka cha 1817, anaonekera zaka mazana angapo asanazindikire. Matendawa, omwe ambiri amadziwika ngati akugwedeza miyendo, amakhudza anthu okalamba, koma nthawi zina amatha kuchitika kwa achinyamata.
Matenda a Parkinson - zomwe zimayambitsa
Asayansi amakono padziko lonse lapansi akulephera kuyesa kupeza zenizeni zomwe zimayambitsa ndi kupeza mwayi woteteza matenda a Parkinson, zomwe zimayambitsa zosavuta komanso zosiyana. Nazi zina mwazofala kwambiri:
- kusintha kwa atherosclerotic mitsuko, komanso kusintha kwina;
- zokambirana (makamaka mobwerezabwereza) ndi zochitika zina zoopsya zomwe zakhudza ubongo;
- encephalitis, meningitis ndi matenda ena opweteka a ubongo;
- kusinthika kwa majeremusi wa neuroni za ubongo;
- cholowa kuchokera kwa achibale oyandikira ndi kutali;
- zowopsa pa thupi la munthu la mankhwala owopsa;
- kusowa kwa vitamini D m'thupi, komwe kawirikawiri kumawonedwa m'zaka zapakati.
Miyeso ya Matenda a Parkinson
Kugwedezeka kwa manja ndi kufooka kwapang'onopang'ono, kutchedwa matenda a Parkinson, omwe amadziwika ndi imfa ya nkhani yakuda ya ubongo, ali ndi magawo ake a chitukuko. Mwachizolowezi, pali zitatu:
- Matenda oyambirira a Parkinson , pamene kuwonongeka kwa ubongo ndi kosafunika kwenikweni ndipo zizindikiritso zokhazokha zokhazokha monga chiwombankhanga cha manja chikuwonedwa. Gawo ili ndi lothandizira kukonza.
- Gawo loyamba la matendali likhoza kukonzedwa pang'ono ndi levodopa kukonzekera ndi dopamine receptor antagonists; Zizindikiro za gawo lino zakhala zikufotokozedwa momveka bwino, sizikhoza kusokonezeka ndi matenda ena.
- Mapeto a matenda a Parkinson amadziwika ndi kusagwirizana kwathunthu kwa ziwalo zonse za thupi, kuchepa kwakukulu mu chikhalidwe cha odwala.
Mwachindunji, magawo a matendawa akufotokozedwa mu Hy-Yar, yomwe idayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu 1967, ndipo kenako inadzawonjezeredwa. Matenda a Parkinson ndi awa:
- Zero , pamene munthu ali ndi thanzi labwino.
- Yoyamba kapena yoyamba. Amadziwika ndi kusintha pang'ono mwa dzanja limodzi, lomwe nthawi zina limaphatikizana ndi kuphwanya fungo, vuto loipa, mavuto ogona.
- Gawo kapena gawo lapakati ndi kutentha kwa dzanja limodzi ndi mavuto ndi gawo limodzi la thunthu (kumanja kapena kumanzere). Usiku, kutentha kumatayika kwathunthu. Pali mavuto olembedwa ndi manja - makalatawo amakhala ochepa. Zochitika sizowonjezereka, pamakhala ululu kumtunda, kumutu.
- Gawo lachiwiri. Kuwonetsedwa kwa masomphenya kumakhala koonekera kale m'mbali zonse za thunthu ndi mapeto. Zochitika zoyambirira kwambiri za kudzipereka zimakhala pang'onopang'ono, koma munthuyo akukumana nawobe. Lilime likhoza kunjenjemera, kutsitsa nsagwada, kumapangitsa kuti munthu asamangodzimvera. Kuwombera pansi pa kusintha kwa khungu - khungu likhoza kukhala lochepetsedwa kapena mosemphana - louma.
- Gawo lachitatu liyenera kulimbikitsa omvera kwa odwala. Munthu amasunthira muzitsulo zazing'ono, pofanana ndikukonzanso mapazi. Kumbuyo kuli kotalika, mutu ukuchepetsedwa, mawondo ali ndi chigawo chopindika. Wodwala nthawi yomweyo amamenyana ndi minofu chifukwa cholephera kuwayendetsa. Mutu umasunthira kumalo otsika-pansi kapena kumanja kumanzere. Amagulu samatsuka bwino, koma amagwira ntchito, monga magetsi - magetsi. Munthuyo amasokonezeka pakamwa, zimakhala zovuta kuti aziganizira kwambiri.
- Gawo lachinayi likudziwika ndi kusalankhula kwa mawu, komwe kumakhala kosavuta komanso kosavuta. Munthu amene amapezeka ndi matenda a Parkinson sangathe kudzipangira yekha - kuvala, kuchoka pabedi, kukonzekera chakudya. Zimakhala zovuta kuti mukhale osamala, kugwa mobwerezabwereza, kuphatikizapo usiku kuchokera pabedi.
- Gawo lachisanu (lotsiriza). Pa nthawiyi munthu amakhala atadalira kwathunthu ena. Sadzidyetsa yekha, amadyetsedwa kupyolera mu supuni yapadera. Wodwala akhoza kungoyenda pa njinga ya olumala chifukwa sangathe kukhala yekha. Kulankhulana kumakhala kosavomerezeka, pali kulephera kwaumtima. Pa nthawi imeneyi, odwala akhoza kutha.
Mafomu a Matenda a Parkinson
Matendawa sapita mofulumira, kusintha mawonekedwe ake pakapita nthawi. Ngati matendawa atangotengedwa, ndiye kuti patapita kanthawi akhoza kusintha. Nazi mitundu ina ya matenda:
- Zovala zowonongeka zimapezeka m'magulu oposa 20% pamene vuto la minofu likuwonetsedwa panthawi yomweyo;
- Kugwedezeka-kolimba ndi chizindikiro cha odwala 40%, pamene kutenthedwa kumawonekera pa kayendetsedwe kawo ndipo si khalidwe la kupuma;
- Matenda a Parkinson, mawonekedwe a akinetic omwe amawoneka (mu 35-50% ya matenda) amadziwika ndi kusagwedezeka kwa miyendo;
- Akinetic ndizochepa ndipo palibe kayendedwe kachisokonezo, kopanda chidwi;
- kudandaula ndi kosagwirizana ndi odwala ambiri ndipo kumapezeka 7 peresenti ya milandu; ndi izo palibe kulimbika, koma pali chivomezi champhamvu;
- zovuta - izi ndizovuta kwa minofu ya thupi lonse, kuchepa kwa magalimoto.
Matenda a Parkinson - zizindikiro
Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro za matenda a Parkinson siziwonekera nthawi yomweyo, koma kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono. Poyambirira iwo amakhala osakwatiwa ndipo nthawi zambiri saganiziridwa, chifukwa amangokhalira kusokonezeka ndi malaise ambiri, ndi kusintha kwa msinkhu. Anthu osaphunzira amakhulupirira kuti kutenthedwa kapena kunjenjemera kwa manja ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha matendawa. Ndipotu, izi siziri chomwecho, ndipo zizindikiro zake ndizokulu. Choncho, poyamba ndikudandaula ndikofunikira kukambitsirana ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino kuti pakapita nthawi amaika matenda oyenera.
Matenda a Parkinson - zizindikiro zoyamba
Ngati mwadzidzidzi munthu akumva kuti pali chinachake cholakwika ndi iye, wina ayenera kuyerekeza dziko lake ndi mabelu oda nkhawa pamene matenda a Parkinson ndi zizindikilo, zomwe zilipo, zingathe kubwezeredwa ndi mankhwala amakono. Ziphuphu zoterezi ndizo:
- kutopa ndi malaise;
- kupanikizika ndi kukhumudwa;
- Gawo losagwirizana, losakhazikika;
- mavuto posintha malo a thupi (kutuluka pa mpando, mpando);
- kuwongolera manja;
- kusintha kwa mawu (zamkati).
Matenda a Parkinson ali wamng'ono
Chifukwa cha zovuta zosiyanasiyana kapena matenda a Parkinson aang'ono (zaka 20 mpaka 40) amapezeka mofanana ndi okalamba. Kawirikawiri, kuyamba kwa matendawa sikudziwika ndi mantha komanso kulimbika. Pazaka izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta, kusinthasintha kwa maganizo, mavuto ndi kukumbukira . Zimakhala zovuta kugwira ntchito ndi njira zolondola ndikukumbutsa zambirimbiri. Izi nthawi zambiri zimalembedwa ngati kutopa.
Matenda a Parkinson ndi matenda okalamba
Amakhulupirira kuti matenda a Parkinson ndi matenda a okalamba. Cholakwika ichi si cholakwika, ngakhale kuti ukalamba matendawa amapezeka nthawi zambiri. Kwa anthu ambiri amene adutsa mzere muzaka 50, matendawa akuwonjezeka tsiku ndi tsiku. Chinthu chachikulu chimene chingakhudze kuyambika kwa matendawa ndi choloŵa choloŵa cholowa, chomwe chimalosera kulemala mu 20% ya milandu chifukwa cha matenda a Parkinson. Pankhaniyi, pamodzi ndi mankhwala opatsirana mankhwala, chithandizo cha anthu cha matenda a Parkinson chikugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Matenda a Parkinson - ndi angati omwe amakhala nawo?
Matenda osokoneza bongo Matenda a Parkinson, omwe amayembekezera kuti moyo ukhalepo mofanana ndi kukula kwa zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana, amawopsyeza odwala onse. Kufa kunja kwa nkhani yakuda ya ubongo kungakhale wofulumira, kapena waulesi. Zimatengera zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, panthawi yake, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kufotokozera. Madokotala amapereka wodwalayo zaka khumi, koma nthawi zina chiwerengerochi chimakhala zaka 7 mpaka 15. Chiyembekezo china cha moyo chimadalira zaka za wodwalayo.
Matenda a Parkinson - matenda
Sizingatheke kuti tipeze bwinobwino matenda a Parkinson payeso yoyamba. Chifukwa cha zizindikiro zowoneka bwino, nthawi yamtengo wapatali imasowa ndipo kenako zizindikiro zachilombozi zimayamba. Pambuyo pokayikira kuti matendawa adayamba, adokotala amamvetsera bwinobwino anamnesis wodwalayo ndipo pa maziko ake amalingalira, ndikuyika munthuyo pamsonkhano wachigawo. Pano pali syndromes ya matenda a Parkinson omwe ayenera kuchenjeza wodwalayo yemwe ndi achibale ake:
- kuchepetsa kukula kwake kwa kayendedwe ka (hypokinesia);
- kudandaula pa kupumula, kusokonezeka kwa minofu (kukhwima).
Momwe mungachitire matenda a Parkinson
Kuchiza kwa matenda a Parkinson ndi kotalika komanso kovuta. Zimatengera msinkhu wa mliri, malo a matenda, maganizo ake ndi zina. Zambiri zochiritsira zikuphatikizapo:
- thupi;
- kulandirira zosokoneza;
- mankhwala;
- chithandizo;
- mankhwala a mankhwala.
Matenda a Parkinson - mankhwala
Matenda a Parkinson, kuchipatala kunyumba komwe kumafuna kuti pakhale mankhwala angapo omwe akulamulidwa malingana ndi siteji ya matendawa. Mndandandawu ndi:
- Midantan;
- Osokoneza bongo;
- Cyclodol;
- Amantadine;
- Mbira;
- Pyridoxine;
- Bromocriptine;
- Levodopa.
Matenda a Parkinson - mankhwala ochiritsira
Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala, chithandizo cha matenda a Parkinson ndi mankhwala ochiritsika amavomerezedwa ngakhale ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kukonzekera zitsamba kumalimbikitsa dongosolo la mitsempha, kumathandiza kuthetsa minofu ndi kuchepetsa ululu. Odwala amamwa mowa ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Chifukwa chaichi, zomera zoterezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- oats;
- ruta;
- chithunzi;
- adyo;
- mandimu;
- chithunzi;
- peony;
- mayi;
- oregano;
- chamamile;
- Wort John's wort;
- mtengo wa mandimu;
- portolac;
- mutu wa njoka;
- lavender;
- hemlock;
- sage.
Matenda a Parkinson - atsopano mwachipatala
Ngakhale kuti mankhwala amasiku ano apangidwa, pakati pawo omwe a Levodopa amatsogolera, asayansi akufunafuna chinachake chatsopano pochiza matenda a Parkinson. Kupambana kwa mankhwala koteroko kunali kupezeka kwa opaleshoni ya parkinsonism. Mothandizidwa ndi opaleshoni mu ubongo amatha kuchotsa zizindikiro za kutenthedwa, kukhwima, kukulitsa kwambiri umoyo wa moyo ndi kuulitsa, kugonjetsa matenda osokoneza a Parkinson.