Njira yothetsera njira yobereka kwa mkazi ikhoza kutenga zaka zingapo. Zizindikiro zoyamba za zochitikazi zikhoza kuwonedwa nthawi yayitali asanathe kumapeto kwa msambo. Chiwonetsero cha zizindikiro ndi mawonetseredwe a ndondomekoyi amatchedwa matenda a symptmacteric.
Matenda a Climacteric - ndi chiyani?
Matenda a Climacteric - kuphatikiza zizindikiro, zizindikiro ndi mawonetseredwe, zomwe zikuwonetsa kutha kwazing'ono kwa njira yobereka. Zizindikiro zoyamba za matenda zimayambira nthawi ya premenopausal ndipo nthawi zina zimapitirizabe kwa amayi omwe amachititsa anthu kumbuyo . Kutalika kwa matendawa kwakhala kwa nthawi yayitali - ikhoza kukhala miyezi ingapo mpaka zaka 5 (akazi 30%).
Pa theka la odwala, zizindikiro za kusamba nthawi ndi nthawi zimadziwonetsera okha. Pamene vuto lamakono mwa amayi, zizindikiro zimadziwonetsera okha m'magulu a zaka zisanu mpaka zisanu. Malingana ndi zochitika zachipatala ndi madandaulo a amayi omwe amawadandaulira, mawonetseredwe a matenda a climacteric amavomerezedwa kwambiri chaka chomwe chimayambiranso kusamba, ndiye kuti msinkhu wawo umakhala wochepa kwambiri. Komabe, kuthetsa kwathunthu sikuchitika.
Climacteric syndrome - pathogenesis
Kuti mumvetse momwe matendawa amasonyezera, m'pofunika kumvetsetsa chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa. Chifukwa cha kuonekera kwa zizindikiro zosonyeza kuti akuyamba kusamba ndi kusintha kwa mahomoni. Kwa amayi, kuchepa kwa mahomoni ogonana - isrogens. Zinthu izi zimangowononga ntchito ya kubereka, komanso zimakhudza ziwalo zina. Kuperewera kwawo kumawonetsedwa mu ntchito ya mtima ndi zamanjenje (kuphwanyidwa kwa ziwalo izi kumayikidwa pa nthawi ya kusamba).
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kusintha kwa mtundu umenewu ndi khalidwe kwa amayi onse okalamba. Komabe, nthawi ya maonekedwe awo, mlingo wa mawuwo ungasinthe. Nthaŵi zina, matenda odwala matenda a m'mimba amatha kuona, pamene zizindikirozo zimasintha kwambiri kuti asinthe moyo wawo wokhazikika. Kuwononga kwa kuchepa kwa thupi la uchembere, malinga ndi akatswiri a amai, kungathandizire ku zotsatira izi:
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, mikhalidwe yovuta;
- zovuta, zovuta za endocrine ndi machitidwe apakati;
- zovuta mu puerperium ndi panthawi yoyembekezera;
- zotupa mu ziwalo za m'mimba;
- onenepa kwambiri.
Kodi matenda a menopausal amavumbulutsidwa bwanji kwa amayi?
Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda a climacteric zimayambira mwamsanga atangotsala pang'ono kusamba kapena chaka chokhala ndi kusamba. Kawirikawiri madokotala amapanga njira ya wavy, pamene zizindikiro zazikulu, zimatuluka kwa kanthawi, zimawonekera. Chizindikiro chodziwika ndi matenda a climacteric matenda ndi matenda a neuropsychic omwe amadziwika ndi kusokonezeka kwa dongosolo lalikulu la mitsempha. Mwa machitidwe ena otheka, madokotala amaitana:
- kusinthanitsa-endocrine;
- matenda osokoneza bongo.
Masomphenya a Psychoneurotic a psymacteric syndrome
Gululi la zizindikiro kaŵirikaŵiri limatchulidwa mawonetseredwe a kusamba kwa thupi chifukwa cha matenda a pakatikati a mitsempha. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za amayi amtundu uwu zimayamba kuzindikira kale kutha kwa msambo wokhazikika. Mahomoni ambiri m'magazi amachepa, ndipo izi zimabweretsa kusinthasintha kwafupipafupi, kukula kwa kusowa tulo. Maonekedwe a Psycho-neurotic a psymacteric syndrome ndi awa:
- kugona;
- vuto la kukumbukira;
- kukwiya;
- kupweteka;
- chisamaliro;
- mawonekedwe a mantha;
- nkhawa;
- kufooka kwakukulu;
- kuchepetsa chilakolako chogonana.
Mawonetseredwe a vasovegative a psymacteric syndrome
Maonekedwe a vegetative a psymacteric syndrome amayamba chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa mtima wa mtima. Kusintha mobwerezabwereza kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, ntchito yowonjezereka ya matumbo a thukuta, kuphwanya mtima kumayambitsa maonekedwe a zizindikiro. Izi ndi izi:
- Kutentha kwakukulu - kutentha kwadzidzidzi kutentha, pamodzi ndi reddening khungu la nkhope;
- chills;
- tachycardia ;
- thukuta;
- chizungulire;
- kumverera kwachisokonezo mmanja;
- mutu;
- kusintha mwadzidzidzi m'magazi.
Matenda a Climacteric - kuuma
Mwachizolowezi, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wina. Wolemba wake ndi VP Vikhlyaeva. Maziko ndi kupatukana kwa matenda a climacteric m'magulu osiyanasiyana ofunitsitsa, malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa maonekedwe a mafunde:
- Digiri 1 (mawonekedwe owala) - pamene chiwerengero cha mafunde pa tsiku sichiposa 10 magawo (amapezeka mwa 47% odwala).
- 2 digiri (zolimbitsa mwamphamvu) - chiwerengero cha zigawo za kutentha kwadzidzidzi, mafunde ndi masentimita 10-20 patsiku (akazi 35%).
- Madigiri 3, kapena monga amatchedwa, vuto lalikulu la climacteric - zotentha zotentha zimatchulidwa kawiri pa tsiku. Mkhalidwe wathanzi umakhala wowawa, nthawi zina mkazi sangathe kutsogolera njira yamoyo ndikukakamizidwa kupita kuchipatala.
Matenda a Climacteric - matenda
Kutsimikizira kuti vutoli limakhalapo mwa amai, lingathe kuyesedwa kokha, zizindikiro zina ndizochepa. Kawirikawiri, kupezeka kwa kuphwanya sikuchititsa mavuto. Zikuphatikizapo:
- Kuwerengera kawirikawiri kapena kupezeka kwa gawoli la msambo.
- Kuyezetsa magazi kwa mahomoni ogonana.
- Kupatula kusokoneza maganizo kwa njira yobereka, yomwe ingakhale ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa.
- Kuyankhulana kwa wodwala, oculist (kuyesa momwe chiwerengero cha fundus chikuyendera), katswiri wamaphunziro a zachipatala.
Matenda a Climacteric - mankhwala
Chithandizo cha matenda a climacteric chiyenera kuchitika m'njira yovuta. Chiwembu cha mankhwalachi chimapangidwa ndi dokotala payekha, kuganizira zaka za wodwala, chizindikiro cholimba, mahomoni. Nthaŵi zambiri, mankhwala amayamba ndi bungwe la moyo wathanzi - kukana zizoloŵezi zoipa, kuwonjezereka kwa thupi. Kuchita kwa kanthawi kochepa thupi kumathandiza mphindi zisanu kuti athe kuchepetsa mawonetseredwe a matenda a climacteric, komanso kumapangitsa kuti thupi liziyenda bwino.
Matenda a Climacteric - malingaliro ochipatala
Ngati mayi ali ndi matenda a climacteric, madokotala amapereka malangizo othana ndi momwe angagwirire ndi matendawa atangophunzira bwinobwino anamnesis wodwalayo, kusonkhanitsa deta yonse. Palibe njira yomwe ingathetsere mavuto omwe alipo kale, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafunde. Mlandu uliwonse uli wapadera, choncho chithandizochi chimapangidwa ndi dokotala payekha, poganizira zotsatira za maphunziro ndi kufufuza. Kawirikawiri, mankhwala a psymacteric matenda angaphatikizepo:
- mankhwala;
- mankhwala ndi zitsamba;
- ntchito;
- kumamatira ku chakudya chapadera.
Matenda a Climacteric - mankhwala, mankhwala
Chithandizo cha matenda a menopausal mwa amayi chikuchitika mwa kuyang'aniridwa kolimba kwa madokotala. Chifukwa cha mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mlingo, mafupipafupi a mautumiki ndi nthawi ya chithandizo amatsimikiziridwa payekha. Pakati pa mankhwala omwe amavomerezedwa chifukwa cha kuphwanya, monga vuto la climacteric, ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa:
- Estrogens (osankhidwa ngati sangakwanitse kupanga chiberekero chawo): Femoston, Divina.
- Gestagens (yogwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kukonza matenda a chiberekero chophatikizapo kusamba kwa nthawi): Norkolut, Prozhestan, Utrozhestan.
- Kuphatikizana ndi njira zothandizira pakamwa : Logest, Novinet.
Kupewa matenda a climacteric
Njira zamakono zothetsera vuto la menopausal syndrome zikuwonetseratu kukonzanso kwathunthu kwa moyo wamakhalidwe ndi zakudya. Asayansi atsimikizira kuti kudya zakudya zina ndi zakudya, mkazi akhoza kudzaza pang'ono kusowa kwa mahomoni ogonana, kuchepetsa mawonedwe omwe amaphatikizana ndi climacteric syndrome. Chovomerezeka pa chakudya cha amayi oposa zaka 40 chiyenera kukhalapo:
- nyemba;
- garnet;
- masiku;
- kabichi;
- mbewu za fulakesi;
- kaloti;
- chitumbuwa.
Komabe, chakudya chabwino kwambiri sichitha kuthetsa chitukuko cha matendawa.
Pochepetsa kuchepetsa vuto la climacteric, madokotala amalangiza kuti:
- Onetsetsani kulemera kwa thupi.
- Kuthana ndi nkhawa komanso maganizo.
- Kupitilira kapena kuchitika nthawi yake mankhwala ochiritsidwa.
- Matenda matenda opatsirana.
- Nthaŵi zonse muziyesa kafukufuku wothandizira odwala matenda a akazi (osachepera 2 pachaka).