Mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha umunthu

Psychology imasiyanitsa njira zambiri zophunzirira mfundo zazikulu, malamulo a mapangidwe, chitukuko cha munthu aliyense. Ndikofunika kuti tizindikire apa kuti kusiyana kwakukulu ndiko kumvetsetsa chomwe chimalimbikitsa mphamvu zomwe zimakhudza chitukuko, zomwe zimakhudza dziko loyandikana pa mapangidwe.

Mfundo iliyonse yamaganizo imanyamula njira zake zokhazokha pokhudzana ndi mapangidwe ndi kupititsa patsogolo umunthu: Choncho, chiphunzitso cha makhalidwe chimatsimikizira kuti chirichonse chimalengedwa m'nthaŵi ya moyo wonse, ndipo makhalidwe a munthu amasinthidwa malinga ndi malamulo omwe salipo.

Ziphunzitso za Psychoanalytic zimakhulupirira kuti chitukuko chiyenera kutengedwa monga kusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha wina aliyense wa ife kuti tiyanjana ndi anthu, pamene tikukulitsa njira zokhudzana ndi zikhumbo zomwe zimatchulidwa "super-I" (mwachitsanzo, malangizo a munthu aliyense).

Chiphunzitso cha maphunziro a anthu amatha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana za mgwirizano pakati pa munthu aliyense. Umulungu umachita mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha umunthu ngati njira yodzikhalira yokha.

Malamulo a mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha umunthu m'maganizo a masiku ano

Ochita kafukufuku ochokera kudziko lonse lapansi akukambirana nkhaniyi kuchokera m'magulu osiyanasiyana. Kulimbitsa chikhalidwe cha kuphatikiza, kulingalira kwa umunthu. Lingaliro limeneli likuyang'ana magawo a chitukuko chaumwini kuchokera kumbali ya kusintha kosasunthika kumbali iliyonse. Chinthu chachikulu mu lingaliro logwirizanitsa ndi lingaliro la maganizo la Erickson.

A psychoanalyst amatsatira mfundo yotchedwa epigenetic (mu moyo wa munthu aliyense apo pali magawo ena, okonzedweratu ndi majini, omwe umunthuwo umapita kuchokera pa kubadwa mpaka kumapeto). Malingana ndi ziphunzitso zake, kupanga mapangidwe ake kumagwira ntchito zambiri. Gawo lirilonse liri ndi kusintha kwa chitukuko cha mkati cha dziko la munthu payekha, ubwenzi wake ndi ena.

Erickson adathandizira kwambiri kuphunzirira zifukwa za mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha umunthu, atazindikira, kufotokozera nthawi zazikulu za mavuto ndi magawo a chitukuko cha munthu aliyense.

Mavuto a Moyo

Erickson ankakhulupirira kuti zovuta za moyo wa maganizo zimakumana ndi moyo wa aliyense wa ife:

1. Chaka choyamba ndi vuto lakumana ndi dziko latsopano.
2. Zaka 2-3 - nthawi ya nkhondo yodzilamulira ndi manyazi.
3. Zaka 3-7 - kuyesetsa kumenyana ndi kudzidzimva.
4. Zaka 7-13 - kutsutsidwa kwa chilakolako cha ntchito komanso zochepa.
5. 13-18 zaka - kukangana kwadzidzidzi monga munthu ndi umutu.
6. Zaka 20 - chibwenzi, chiyanjano chotsutsana.
7. Zaka 30-60 - chilakolako chophunzitsa achinyamata, komanso kuti musadzatseke nokha.
8. Zaka zoposa makumi asanu ndi limodzi - kukhutira, kuyamikira moyo wako wotsutsana ndi kukanidwa.

Miyeso ya chitukuko ndi mapangidwe

1. Gawo loyamba (1 zaka za moyo): pali chikhumbo choyankhulana ndi anthu, kapena kuchoka kwa anthu.
2. Gawo lachiwiri (zaka 2-3): ufulu, kudzidalira.
3. Wachitatu, wachinayi (zaka 3-6 ndi 7-13): chidwi, khama, chilakolako chofufuza dziko lonse, kukula kwa luso loyankhulana ndi kuzindikira.
4. Gawo lachisanu (zaka 13-20): kugonana ndi moyo wokhazikika.
5. Zisanu ndi chimodzi (zaka 20-50): kukhutira ndi zenizeni, maphunziro a m'badwo wam'tsogolo.
6. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri (zaka 50-60): zonse zokhudzana ndi moyo, zolengedwa, kunyada kwa ana awo.
7. Wachisanu ndi chitatu (zaka zopitirira makumi asanu ndi limodzi): kukwanitsa kuvomereza malingaliro okhudza imfa, kusanthula zochitika zaumwini, nthawi yowunika zochita, zisankho zapitazo.