Zakoloti zokoma ndi zokoma zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pophika mbale zomwe mumazikonda kulikonse. Amakondedwa pafupifupi m'banjamo, ambiri okhala m'nyengo ya chilimwe ndi alimi amakolo amayesera kukula mzere wa mizu imeneyi ndi manja awo, kuti apeze mankhwala abwino. Koma nthawi zonse zokolola zimakondweretsa ndi kukongola kwa mizu mbewu ndi kukoma. Choncho, tidzapeza zinsinsi za kukula kaloti.
Kubzala kaloti
Kawirikawiri, mbewuyi imakhala yovuta kwambiri pa sitelo ndi nthaka yokha. Amamera m'madera owala bwino, omwe ali pafupi kuwala konse pansi pa kuwala kwa dzuwa. Osayika kaloti pambuyo pa udzu winawake , katsabola kapena parsley. Ponena za dzikolo, mbewu zowonjezera zimakhala zosasunthika, koma nthaka yachonde.
Mu August kapena September, malowa adakumbidwa. Zoona, feteleza amayamba pachiyambi. Ngati dothi lili losavuta, limakhala lopangidwa kapena limakhala ndi umuna. Ma mita iliyonse amakulira kufika 3 makilogalamu a humus, 15 g wa nayitrogeni, 10 g wa feteleza feteleza, 25 g wa superphosphate.
Njira yobzala imachitika kumapeto kwa nthaka, pamene nthaka ikuphulika mpaka madigiri 8 + 10. Mbewu isanayambe kubzala akhoza kuthiridwa tsiku limodzi m'madzi ofunda, kusintha maola 4 alionse. Kukula kwa mizu yabwino ndikofunika kupanga malo okwera - molingana ndi ndondomekoyi. Mtunda pakati pa mizere iyenera kukhala masentimita 20. Pangani mizere yozama (mpaka masentimita 2-3 masentimita), ndipo mmalo mwake mbeuyi imayikidwa masentimita 4 mpaka 5. Kenako chodzala chimadzazidwa ndi nthaka ndi kuthirira.
Kaloti - kulima ndi kusamalira
Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za kukula kaloti ndizofunikira kupukuta mabedi, kotero kuti kukula kwa mizu kudzawonjezeka. Kwa nthawi yoyamba ndondomekoyi imachitidwa mwamsanga pamene masamba enieni oyambirira akuwoneka mmizere. Pakati pa chitsamba achoke mtunda wa masentimita atatu.
Komanso, kaloti amafunika kuthirira nthawi yake, yomwe imapangidwa pang'ono, koma nthawi zambiri. Kupanda madzi okwanira kumakhudza kukoma kwa muzu wa mbeu ndi maonekedwe ake. Onetsetsani kuti mu nyengo yowuma, mabedi amathiridwa kawiri pa sabata. M'pofunikanso kuyeretsa dothi mumsewu ndi namsongole, kuti udzule ndi kumasula nthaka.
Manyowa a kaloti amawonjezeredwa kawiri. Nthawi yoyamba - masabata 4 mutabereka mbande, ndipo yachiwiri - pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri. Monga kuvala pamwamba kumatetezedwa mu chidebe cha madzi 15 g wa superphosphate, 20 g wa potaziyamu nitrate ndi 15 g wa urea.
Pali njira zingapo zowonjezera kaloti. Kuphatikiza pa njira yachikhalidwe pamtunda wapamwamba, mizu yolima pansi pa udzu nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pa cholinga chogulitsa kaloti akhoza kukhala wamkulu pamapiri ndi mabedi mpaka masentimita 25, pamene zokolola zimachotsedwa ndi thirakitala.
Ngati mukufuna kukula kaloti pa mbeu, ndiye kuti m'dzinja, musankhe maluwa okongola kwambiri a mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe mukufuna. Amafunika kusungidwa mchenga m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, kaloti osankhidwa amabzalidwa m'nthaka m'magulu a 4 ozungulira, okhala ndi mapeto otha. Akulitsa kwambiri mizu, mipando yawo iyenera kugona
Matenda a kaloti panthawi ya kulima
Mofanana ndi mtundu uliwonse wamakono, kaloti amatsetsereka kugonjetsedwa ndi mavairasi osiyanasiyana ndi matenda. Matenda a fungalidwe owopsa kwambiri pa chomera ndi mizu yake ndi phomosis, kapena zowola zowuma. Mitundu yowonongeka ya mtundu wofiira imapezeka m'mitsempha ya masamba ndi mbewu zakuda.
Kupewa phomosis ndiko kuika potaziyamu kloride m'nthaka kwa chimbudzi (40 g wa zinthu pa mita imodzi). Mofananamo, iwo akulimbana ndi zovunda zakuda, zomwe zimawonetsedwa ndi mawanga wakuda pa masamba ndi mbewu zozukulu, ndi zovunda zoyera (zoyera zoyera).