Kubzala adyo kumapeto kwa nthaka - malamulo osayenera kunyalanyazidwa

Kudzala kwa adyo mvula kumayambiriro kwa nyengo ndizofunika kwambiri kwa aliyense wolima masamba. Chomera ichi chimapindulitsa kwambiri pakuphika, mankhwala ochiritsira, amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zakudya zambiri komanso pokonzekera kunyumba. Ndi njira yoyenera, mbewu za chikhalidwechi zimatha kubweretsa mwiniwake webusaitiyo ndalama zonse.

Kubzala adyo masika

Mu chuma, nyengo yachisanu ya adyo nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza, kugulitsa pamsika ndi kusungirako, imakhala ndi mano akulu ndi zokolola zabwino. Ngati pali funso lokhudza kusungirako nthawi yaitali, ndiye kuti mitundu yofesa imakhala yopindulitsa. Mababu a dzinja amatha kusungidwa mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Januwale, pambuyo pake khalidwe lawo limawonongeka, ndipo mitu ya masika sizimaipira mpaka pakati pa kasupe. Ngati pali kubzala kwa adyo kumalo otseguka, ndi bwino kugula mitundu yotsatirayi:

• Gulliver;
• Abrek;
• Sochi 56;
• Alei;
• Yelenovsky;
• Victorio;
• Permyak.

Kusiyana pakati pa chilimwe ndi chisanu cha adyo:

1. Nthawi zambiri imayambira adyo siimapanga mivi.
2. Mababu a masika samabisala pang'onopang'ono, amayamba kubzala masika.
3. Mu babu ya kasupe wa kasupe, mpaka 30 makululu angapangidwe, yozizira adyo ilibe zopitirira khumi ma lobuloni.
4. Mano a adyo uyu pakati pa mutu ndi ochepa komanso okonzeka mwauzimu.
5. Mababu m'nyengo yozizira ikabzala pamalo otseguka amakula.
6. Kubzala adyo kumapeto kwa nthaka kumatuluka ndi mano a kukolola kwa chaka chatha, kubereka kwa nyengo yachisanu kungapangidwe ndi mababu a ma air.

Kudzala adyo masika pamtunda - nthawi

Chikhalidwe chimenechi sichikhala ndi nthawi yochepa chabe ya zomera, choncho kumalo otseguka, nthawi yobzala adyo masika imapezeka kumadera akum'mwera kumapeto kwa March pamene nthaka imatenthedwa ndi kutentha kwa 5-6 ° C. Kwa dera la Moscow ndi madera ambiri kumpoto ndi nyengo yoziziritsa, nthawi ya ntchito imasintha malingana ndi nyengo ya zaka khumi za April kapena ngakhale masiku oyambirira a May. Yesetsani kuchepetsa nthawi yoyendera. Kutaya nthawi zochepa kungapangitse kuchepa kwa zokolola zaka zouma ndi 50% kapena kuposa.

Kukonzekeretsa adyo chifukwa chodzala masika

Mitengo ya bulbous kumalo otseguka imakhala ndi matenda ambiri, choncho muyenera kuphunzira bwino momwe mungakonzekere adyo kuti mubzala m'chaka. Choyamba, timasokoneza mutu kwa mano, kusankha magawo abwino ndi akuluakulu, omwe amakhala pafupi kwambiri ndi m'mphepete mwake. Kenaka, pangani mankhwalawo mu njira yothetsera fungicide.

Kuposa kukonza adyo musanadzalemo:

1. Lembani maminiti 30-60 a dzino mu njira yothetsera potassium permanganate.
2. Kuthamanga mu 1% yothetsera mchere wa sulfate (kwa mphindi 30).
3. Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ophera antibacterial "Maxim" kapena mafananidwe ake.
4. Gwiritsani ntchito kasupe mutangoyamba kubzala mchere wathanzi muyeso wa magawo atatu a mchere pa 5 malita a chidebe cha madzi. Nthawi yowuma ndi 3 mphindi.
5. Lembani khola la theka la ora mu Fitosporin-M, kuchepetsedwa malinga ndi malangizo.
6. Gwiritsani ntchito madzulo a kubzala adyo kumapeto kwa nthaka, kulowetsedwa kwa nkhuni phulusa (supuni ya tiyi ya microfertilizer pa lita imodzi ya madzi), nthawi yothandizira ndi ola limodzi.

Ma precursors a adyo mutabzala

Kutsegulira kumayambiriro kwa chaka, nkofunika kutsata kayendetsedwe ka mbeu kuti achepetse chiopsezo cha kufalikira kwa fungal ndi kusintha kwa nthaka. Malingaliro obzala adyo ndi amalima odziwa bwino amalima amalimbikitsa kupeŵa oyambirira mwa mawonekedwe a mbatata, tomato ndi anyezi. Bedi lokwanira bwino, komwe kumapeto kwa nyengo nyemba imakula ndi clover, strawberries, saladi wobiriwira. Kusankha bwino oyandikana nawo chifukwa cha adyo, omwe ali ndi phytoncides zachilengedwe, kuthandiza kuthana ndi tizirombo. Ndi zofunika kukhala ndi mabedi ndi mababu pakati pa zomera za strawberries ndi kaloti.

Njira zobzala adyo masika

Malamulo omwe amavomereza kwambiri kubzala adyo masika nthawi zonse amalimbikitsidwa kuti apange mzere wa mzere pakati pa 20-30 masentimita. Pangani mabowo ang'onoang'ono, sungani mtunda wa pakati pa lobes pafupi ndi mzere mpaka 6-8 masentimita. Zigawo zimafalikira pansi popanda kulimbikira pansi. Poyambitsa njirayi, amateurs odziwa bwino ntchito amagwiritsa ntchito kumapeto kwa nyengo, kumadera akuluakulu, malo ogwiritsidwa ntchito opangidwa ndi manja kapena odzipangira okha.

Kuzama kwa kubzala adyo masika

Ndi kumayambiriro kwa kasupe ndi nyengo yozizira, malamulo osiyana siyana okula mbewuzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuzama kwa kubzala kasupe adyo mu kasupe ndi pafupi 5-7 masentimita. Poyerekeza, mutabzala m'nyengo yozizira, mano ayenera kuikidwa pamtunda mpaka 8-12 masentimita, malingana ndi nthaka yomwe ili m'deralo. Kutsetsereka kwazing'ono kuli kosafunika, mizu yokula mofulumira imatulutsa mano kunja, kumene imamwalira kutentha. Kulowera mwamphamvu kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa kumera kwa adyo.

Feteleza kwa adyo mutabzala

Kwa adyo, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka yabwino kwambiri, koma pamalo oletsedwa amaletsedwa kuwonjezera zitsamba zowonongeka pazitsime. Chifukwa cha ntchito yoyambirira, ndibwino kukonza chiwembu cha nyengo yozizira, kuwonjezera zakudya m'nthaka, monga humus (mpaka 5 kg / m ² ) ndi superphosphate (15 g / m ² ). Manyowa mukadzala adyo masika amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito zotsatirazi:

1. Chomera feteleza choyamba - patadutsa masiku khumi ndi limodzi (15) kutuluka, timayambitsa carbamide ngati njira yothetsera madzi (supuni 1 / madzi 10 malita).
2. Yachiwiri kudya - pambuyo pa masiku 12-15 ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito nitroammophoska (2 malita / 10 malita).
3. Chovala chomaliza pamtunda - m'zaka 10 zapitazo, mungagwiritse ntchito superphosphate ngati mawonekedwe a madzi kulowetsedwa (2 supuni / 10 malita) ndi mlingo wa ntchito mpaka 4 l / m ² mabedi.