Iris Bearded - Zowona za Kukula ndi Kusamalira

Simudziwa chodzala pa webusaiti yanu, ndiye tcherani khutu ku bearded iris, yomwe imaimiridwa mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Chomerachi chili ndi phokoso lofewa, chomwe chili pamtunda wopita kumunsi kwa perianth. Icho chimagwirizana bwino ndi zomera zina, kulenga zolemba zoyambirira.

Irises amalembedwa m'makonzedwe a dziko

Kawirikawiri m'midzimo muli minda yambiri ya oris, yotchedwa iridarians. Posankha mitundu, ganizirani kukula, mtundu, kuyamba ndi nthawi ya maluwa, komanso kuphatikizapo zomera zina. Maluwa a irises a bearded amatha kukongoletsa mabedi osiyanasiyana. Zomera zimakula mofulumira ndikuwonjezera mitundu yowala kumalo.

1. Maluwa okhala ndi mithunzi iwiri kapena yambiri akulimbikitsidwa kubzala pamaso pa chiwonetsero.
2. Kufika kumatha kukhala kutalika, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Iris ndevu - mitundu

Mpaka maluwa okwana 35,000 amadziwika, omwe amakula m'madera osiyanasiyana. Palibe mtundu uliwonse, ndipo zomera zimagawanika molingana ndi msinkhu, nthawi ya maluwa ndi mtundu. Mitundu yabwino ya irises ya ndevu ndi yaifupi, yayitali komanso yayitali. Ngati mumaganizira nthawi ya maluwa, ndiye kuti mwapatutsire magulu amenewa: oyambirira, apakatikati, apakatikati, pakati ndi mochedwa. Ponena za mtundu wa mtundu, munthu akhoza kupeza minochrome ya iris bearded, awiri-tone, awiri-mtundu, malire ndi maulendo.

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi iyi:

1. "Arkady Raikin" . Tsvetonos imadutsa kutalika kwa mamita 1. Kutsupa kumajambulidwa mu mtundu wofiira-pinki. Ili ndi fungo lokoma.
2. "Beverly Hills . " Kutalika kwa peduncles ndi 80-85 masentimita. Maluwawo ali ndi ziphuphu zakuthambo zosasuntha mu kuwala kofiira, ndipo zotsikazo ndizolasa.
3. "Burgomaster . " Peduncles ikhoza kukula kuposa mamita kutalika. Zovala zakunja zili zofiira mumthunzi wofiira, komanso mkati - chikasu.

Mitundu yayitali ya bearded

Izi ndi mitundu yowonjezereka, yomwe imawoneka yopambana mosiyana ndi zosiyana. Mitengo yamphamvu imakhala ndi maluwa okongola omwe amatha ndi masamba ambiri. Kukula kwake kwa bearded iris, yomwe imakhala yapamwamba kwambiri, imatha kufika pa masentimita 71. Koma maluwawo ndi aakulu ndipo amatha kufika masentimita 20. Ngati kutalika kwa iris kuli masentimita makumi asanu ndi awiri, ndiye kuti mitunduyi ndi yosiyanasiyana yomwe imagawidwa m'magulu atatu : curbs, intermedia ndi zipinda zodyeramo.

Zitsamba zazitsamba zam'madzi

Posachedwapa, maluwa ang'onoang'ono akuyamba kutchuka, omwe amawoneka okongola mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ndipo wamaluwa ambiri amawakonda kunyumba. Malongosoledwe a iris bearded amasonyeza kuti kutalika kwa mitundu yaying'ono ndi masentimita 5-20. Chinthu chodziwika bwino cha chikhalidwechi chikhoza kukhala chifukwa chakuti maluwa akuphuka kumayambiriro, kotero m'madera ena izi zimachitika kumapeto kwa May.

Kodi kubzala irises bearded?

Pobzala izi maluwa, ndi bwino kusankha malo otseguka omwe amawalitsidwa ndi dzuwa. Zidzakhala zoyenera komanso kuzibzala mabedi ndi penumbra, pomwe pangakhale zomera zosapitirira 1.5 mamita, chifukwa ndikofunika kuti ndevu izi zithe kulandira dzuwa mu theka la tsikulo. Osakonda awa maluwa a mphepo, chifukwa cha lalikulu maluwa akhoza kuswa maluwa mapesi. Pofuna kudziwa momwe mungamerekere iris bearded, ndi bwino kudziwa kuti kuwala kosavuta kuli bwino kwa chomera ichi.

Kudyetsa irises ya ndevu kumapeto

Pali chitsimikizo chodzala malangizo, chomwe chiyenera kutsatira kuti maluwa ayambe, akuphuka bwino ndi maluwa:

1. Kokani dzenje ndi pakati, lembani kamtengo kakang'ono, komwe muyenera kuika rhizome, ndi kufalitsa mizu kumbali. Fukuta iwo ndi dothi ndipo osaziphatika. Rhizome yokhayo iyenera kuti ikhale yokutidwa ndi mchenga wochuluka, womwe umakhala wosanjikiza 1-2 cm.
2. Kubzala irises wa ndevu sikuyenera kuchepetsedwa, monga zomera zimakhala zovuta kukula komanso nthawi zambiri. Mtunda pakati pa sukulu yapamwamba uyenera kukhala 50 masentimita, ndipo wamamera - 30 cm.

Ndikofunika kuti musanasinthe kukonzekera kubzala maluwa. Dziwani kuti chifukwa cha mawonekedwe atsopano a zowonjezera chaka ndi chaka adzapita patsogolo, ndipo zidzamera kumbali, monga masamba a axillary akudzutsidwa. Pali njira zingapo zotchuka zoyendera:

1. Chess. Irises amabzalidwa wina ndi mzake kuti pakhale masentimita 50 pakati pa zomera. Chiwembu cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
2. "Dogonyalki." Zomera zili mu mafani mumbali imodzi, ndipo zidzakula ngati "zitatha." Mtunda pakati pa irises ukhoza kukhala pafupifupi masentimita 40.
3. Kuvina kozungulira. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yobzala, mtunda wa pakati pa mbeu ndi wochepa kwambiri ndipo uli pafupi masentimita 30. Ndikofunika kuti usabzala pafupi ndi bedi la maluwa, mwinamwake masiku angapo maluŵa "adzatuluka".
4. Maonekedwe oyambirira a iris bearded amawoneka ngati magulu . Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Kubzala irises wa chilimwe cha bearded

Kulima maluwa kumatha kuchitika m'chilimwe ndipo muyenera kuchita izi maluwa asanamangirire. Ndikofunika kuyembekezera kanthawi kuti mizu ilibe mauthenga atsopano. Chimake sichidulidwa, koma zabwino zimagwirizanitsa ndi mpeni. Malangizo omwe angabweretse ndevu zakuda m'chilimwe ndi zofanana ndi zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa kuti zitsimikizidwe.

Kukula irises wa ndevu

Pali zizindikiro zambiri zokhudza kulima chomera ichi:

1. Rhizomes mu irises amalima pang'onopang'ono ndipo nthawi zambiri amawoneka pamwamba pa dziko lapansi. Chifukwa ichi, nthawi zonse muyenera kuziphimba ndi dziko lapansi ndi peat kuti duwa lisakhale lozizira.
2. Iris wa ndevu m'munda ngati kusuntha ndipo kwa chaka akhoza kusuntha masentimita angapo. Kuti mupeze mzere umodzi, zomera zimabzala zotsalira za masamba pamodzi, osati kudutsa mzerewu.
3. Simungathe kulima irises mozama, choncho mwina samasintha kapena iwo akhoza ngakhale kutha.

Dothi la irises la ndevu

Mukhoza kulima maluwa pa dothi losiyana, koma zosavomerezeka kwambiri ndi dothi lofiira, lolemera ndi losavuta. Ngati palibe chosankha, ndibwino kupanga mchenga waukulu ndi peat, ngati dziko liri loyera komanso lolemera, ndipo ngati likhale losavuta, ndiye kuti limayimitsa. Dothi la alkaline komanso lachilendo lokhazikika ndilobwino kwambiri. Kukula irises kwa bearded kungatheke ngakhale pang'ono miyala m'malo. Ngati dothi liri lonyowa kwambiri, ndiye kuti madzi akumwa pansi pake.

Zomwe anakumana nazo wamaluwa amanena kuti njira yabwino kwa irises ndi yosalala, yotayirira komanso yoyeretsa namsongole. Kukhalapo kwa kuchuluka kwa organic - sikuvomerezeka, chifukwa izi zidzachititsa matenda osiyanasiyana. Ngati n'kotheka, mukhoza kuwonjezera kumalo osankhidwa bwino, manyowa omwe amawongolera bwino kwambiri mpaka 15-20 masentimita pamwamba pake akulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera phulusa, mchenga wouma komanso ngakhale pang'ono mwala wopunduka.

Kubalana kwa irises wa bearded

Pali njira zingapo zowonjezera chiwerengero cha maluwa pa tsamba lanu.

1. Kusiyana kwa chitsamba. Njirayi ndi yofunika kumapeto kwa dzinja, pamene kutentha kumatsika. Pezani mosamala gulu la rhizomes, kuti musawononge kalikonse. Agaweni iwo mwa kuwakokera mosiyana ndi manja anu. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mpeni, ndiye kuti iyenera kutsukidwa mu njira ya 10% ya bleach. Ma rhizomes abwino ali pafupifupi 2 cm wakuda ndi mizu yathanzi komanso osachepera tsamba limodzi. Pukutsani pansi kuti muonetsetse kuti palibe mphutsi. Ma rhizomes akale, ofewa ndi ovunda ayenera kuponyedwa kutali. Dulani masamba kuti pakhale masentimita 10 mpaka 15.
2. Kugwiritsira ntchito impso. Pa mgwirizano uliwonse wa pachaka, mungapeze masamba osungirako osakaniza, omwe amaimiridwa pamphepete mwa tsinde laling'ono. Ndikofunika kugawa ma rhizomes pamodzi ndi kugwirizana ndi impso. Mukhozanso kudula impsozo mozungulira. Magawowo amachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndipo amafesa kukula.
3. Gwiritsani ntchito mbewu. Amatsalira kuti apeze momwe angachulukitsire bearded irises mothandizidwa ndi mbewu, choncho amafesa m'dzinja, atatha kukolola. Mukamakolola m'chaka, mbewu zimasowa stratification. Amathiridwa madzi, kuphatikizapo mchenga wotsekemera ndipo amasiyidwa m'firiji mu gawo la masamba kwa masiku 14. M'nyengo yozizira kudyetsa, mbewu zimalowetsedwa mu nthaka yosasuntha kufika pozama 1.5-2 masentimita. Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyerekeza ndi kupeza mitundu yatsopano.

Kusambala bearded irises

Ngati mukuyenera kusintha malo okulima, ndiko kuti, pakupiritsa, ndibwino kuti mutha kuchita izi masabata 2-3 mutatha maluwa. Mukamayikanso nthawi zina, nkofunika kusunga umphumphu wamtunduwu. Kupeza nthawi yoti mutumize irises ndevu, ndibwino kuti muwonetsetse kuti maluwa amodzi amatha kukula zaka 3-5, ndi pygmy 6-8 zaka. Malamulo odzala chomera ichi atchulidwa pamwambapa.

Samalani irises bearded

Zomwe zimaperekedwa maluwa sizimangokhalira kudandaula, koma zifukwa zina ziyenera kuganiziridwa:

1. Ndikofunika kuchotsa namsongole pakapita nthawi, pamene mizu ya irises ili pafupi. Mu theka lachiwiri la August, namsongole ndi bwino kukoka namsongole kuti asatayike.
2. Pa kuthirira, mosiyana ndi maluwa ambiri mbewu, zomera sizifuna zambiri kuthirira. Ndondomekoyi ndi yodalirika pokhapokha mutabzala / kuika komanso m'nyengo youma.
3. M'chaka, ndondomeko yosamalira iris bearded ikutanthauza kudya bwino.
4. Wamaluwa amalangiza kukonzekera wintering. Pambuyo maluwawo atha, phulani maluwawo patsinde, ndipo musanayambe maluwa oyambirira, tulani masamba theka, ndi kuchotsani chikasu kwathunthu. Pakati pa mabedi ozizira ndi bearded irises amaphimba peat 10 masentimita wandiweyani. M'chaka ayenera kuchotsedwa.

Kudyetsa irises wa ndevu

Pali malamulo angapo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza, komwe iris amachitira bwino.

1. Ngati maluwawo amakula kwa nthawi yaitali pamalo amodzi panthaka yosauka, ndiye kuti mupange feteleza nthawi zonse ndi feteleza mchere , ndibwino kukana zowonjezera, monga momwe zilili malo abwino okula matenda.
2. Kumayambiriro kwa masika, maluwa a iard bearded ayenera kulandira nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu, yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti maluwa azikula mofulumira. Pamene chomera chapamwamba chimauma, tikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera ammonium nitrate ndi potaziyamu mchere, poganizira kuti 1 m ² ayenera kulingalira 20-30 g.
3. Nthawi yotsatira yogwiritsira ntchito fetasiyamu-feteleza feteleza muzitsulo izi ndi zofunika pamene masamba apangidwa. Chifukwa cha ichi, chiwerengero chawo ndi kukula kwake kudzawonjezeka.
4. Pamene iris bearded ikuyamba kuphulika, nthawi ya mpumulo imalowa mkati, ndipo patatha mwezi umodzi mphukira yowonjezera ikuyamba. Panthawiyi chomera chimafuna kuwonjezera phosphorous feteleza. Pa mita iliyonse ya lalikulu, gwiritsani ntchito 50-60 g superphosphate ndi 20-30 phositsiamu mchere. Nkofunika kupanga feteleza mu nthaka yonyowa, kenako, kumasula.

Iris ndevu - matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Nthenda yokha yomwe ingakhudze chikhalidwe cha maluwa amenewa ndivunda la rhizomes ndipo vutoli limabwera nthawi zambiri mumvula yozizira kapena nyengo yozizira ndi yamvula. Dziwani kuti kupezeka kwa matendawa kungakhale pamasamba achikasu a iard bearded, omwe naklanyayutsya pansi. Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, m'pofunika kuyika malo ovunda ku matupi amoyo ndi kuwawaza ndi ufa wa "Fundazol". Lolani chilonda kuti chiume mumlengalenga. Pambuyo pake, mutha kubzala maluwa pansi.

Pakati pa tizilombo tomwe timadziwika tizilombo timatha kuona kuti ntchentche ikuuluka, kachilomboka ndi kachilomboka. Choyamba chimabzalidwa mu masamba, ndipo ena amakonda kukongola maluwa. Chifukwa cha kuukira kwa tizilombo, kufalikira kukukulirakulira. Kuwononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tilani mabedi ndi mankhwala ena onse. Chitani izi kumayambiriro kwa masika. Chithandizo cha nthawi imodzi ndi mankhwala kuchokera ku gulu la neonicotinoids akulimbikitsidwa.

Oyamba-wamaluwawa amayamba kufuna kudziwa chifukwa chake iris bearded sizimafalikira, ndipo pali zifukwa zambiri izi:

1. Chomeracho chafesedwa kwambiri. Ndikofunika kuti khosi la mizu ndi 1/3 pamwamba pa nthaka.
2. Kupanda kuunikira. Iris akhoza kukula m'madera othunzi, koma simungathe kukwaniritsa maluwa.
3. Kulimbitsa. Maluwa a chikhalidwe ichi amakula mofulumira ndipo ngati ali pafupi kwambiri, ndiye zomera sizidzatha kupanga peduncles.