Orchid imaonedwa ngati maluwa okongola kwambiri komanso osakhwima. Choncho, amalima a maluwa omwe amasankha kulikulitsa panyumba ayenera kudziwa matenda akuluakulu omwe amakhudza orchids, ndi njira za mankhwala.
Zizindikiro za matenda a orchid:
- chikasu cha masamba;
- maonekedwe a mawanga ndi kuvunda pa masamba;
- kuwonongeka kwa mizu;
- kutaya tsamba la turgor;
- Kuphulika kwa masamba;
- kusowa kwa kukula kwa masamba ndi mizu;
- maluwa akugwa.
Matenda osapatsirana a ma orchid amkati
Matendawa akuphatikizapo matenda omwe amabwera mmunda chifukwa cha chisamaliro chosayenera. Chizindikiro chachikulu ndi maonekedwe a chikasu kapena chikasu cha masamba kwathunthu.
Zimayambitsa:
- chomeracho chinawomba;
- hypothermia yaitali;
- kuthirira madzi okwanira kapena okwanira;
- kusowa kwauni;
- chowotcha;
- Kutentha (kutentha) kwa mbewu.
Ngati malo a chikasu ndi ochepa, ndiye kuti pangakhale malo abwino a orchid, akhoza kuchiza maluwa.
Matenda opatsirana a orchid ndi mankhwala awo
Pali mitundu yambiri ya matenda a tizilombo ta orchid, omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi viroz. Makina akuluakulu a matendawa akuyamwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (nsabwe za m'masamba, akangaude, thrips) ndi zonyansa. Kufalitsa kupyolera mu chomeracho, mavairasi amachititsa kusintha mu tsamba la masamba, kutulutsa ndi kuyima kukula kwa duwa.
Odwala kachilomboka, ndibwino kutaya kunja mwamsanga, kuti asapatsire maluwa ena. Ndipo pofuna kuteteza virosis ndi matenda ena a tizilombo, muyenera kuteteza orchids ku tizilombo towononga ndikugwiritsira ntchito zida zowononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Mafungo ndi mabakiteriya a orchids ndi mankhwala awo
Fusarium kapena tracheomycosis
Izi ndi matenda a fungal matenda, chifukwa bowa omwe amalowa mmunda mwadothi ndi chilonda, amawombera pores, omwe amachititsa kuti ziphuphu zowonongeka.
Kuchiza: maluwawo angapulumutsidwe pokhapokha panthawi yoyamba ya matenda, pamene gawo laling'ono la mizu limakhudzidwa. Kuti muchite izi, m'pofunika kusamba mizu, kuchepetsa ziwalozo, kuzidula ndi makala opangira, adyo yankho, osamwa mowa antiseptic kapena sinamoni ndikuphimba ndi sulfure. Mizu yonseyi iyenera kuchitidwa ndi fungicides ndikuikidwiranso mumphika watsopano.
Malo a tsamba la bakiteriya
Izi ndi matenda enaake a phalaenopsis. Masamba amayamba kutembenukira chikasu, kenako amdima, amayamba kukhala ofewa ndi zilonda zamadzi.
Chithandizo: dulani mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa, dulani zigawo ndi mpweya kapena ayodini. Ngati mawanga atsopano sakuwoneka mkati mwa masiku khumi, matendawa agonjetsedwa.
Anthracnose, powdery mildew, dzimbiri
Izi ndi matenda wamba a masamba a orchid, omwe amawoneka chifukwa cha madzi omwe amapezeka pamasamba ndi m'matumba, kutentha kwambiri mu chipinda. Mukhoza kuwazindikira poyamba kupanga zochepa, ndiyeno pamakhala mawanga akuluakulu, ophimba mosiyana (pinki, yoyera, yachikasu, yofiira).
Kuchiza: malo okhudzidwa a masamba kuti achotse bowa, owazidwa ndi makala opangidwa ndi opangidwa ndi Skorom ndi Topsin-M.
Bowa wakuda (wakuda)
Matendawa amafalikira pa masamba a orchid, omwe amakhala osokonezeka chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa tizirombo (nsabwe za m'masamba, mealybugs, zikopa zoyera). Kuyika chipika chakuda sikungalole kuti masamba adzalandire kuwala kwa dzuwa, ndipo maluwawo amalephera.
Chithandizo: Kuchitira mawanga akuda pamasamba ndi Mikosan kapena kukonzekera mankhwala Ridomil, Topsin-M, Skor.
Kutembenuza
Izi ndizo makamaka matenda a maluwa a orchid, koma zimakhudza masamba ndi maluwa.
Mankhwala a orchids amatha kukhala ndi mitundu yowola: mizu, imvi, fusarium, wakuda, bakiteriya obiriwira. Zonsezi zimakula chifukwa cha kusamalidwa bwino kwa maluwa: zosayenera (kutsika kwambiri kapena kotsika) kutentha ndi chinyezi.
Chithandizo:
- Sinthani kutentha ndi chinyezi yoyenera m'chipinda.
- Chitani kukonza:
- pazu - katatu 0,1% yankho la benzalate milungu iwiri iliyonse;
- pamene imvi - fungicide iliyonse, koma nthawi iliyonse kusintha mankhwala;
- Pamene Fusarium - katatu patsiku, kumiza muzitsulo zokwanira 0,2% kwa masiku khumi.
- pa bakiteriya wakuda ndi bulauni - kudula malo odabwitsa, kuphimba ndi makala, kukonza mizu yonse Bordeaux madzi (1%) ndi kumuika mu poto yoyera.
Pozindikira orchid zizindikiro zonse za matenda, ndibwino kuti nthawi yomweyo mudzifunse malangizo kwa akatswiri.