Mazira - kubzala mbewu za mbande, momwe mungapewere zolakwa mukamabzala?

Mpaka posachedwapa, anthu okhala kumadera akum'mwera okha ndi omwe angakhale achikulire. Chifukwa cha ochita zokolola, mabala a eggplant aonekera, mbeu za mbeu za mbande zimawalola kuti azisonkhanitsa mbewu zowonongeka mu nyengo iliyonse. Kutsimikizira kuti kupambana kumatsatira mwakhama malamulo onse opanga masamba a moody.

Biringanya mbande - kulima ndi kusamalira

Biringanya ndi chikhalidwe cha nthawi yaitali ya zomera. Kuchokera ku mbewu yofesa kuti upeze chakudya chokonzekera, pasanathe masiku oposa 120-150. Choncho, kwa anthu ambiri, njira yokhayo yodziyesera mabungwe anu akukula mbande. Pakati pa chilimwe anthu izi chikhalidwe si chabe ali ndi ulemerero kwambiri capricious. Kupeza mbewu yabwino komanso yowonjezera mbeu kumayenera kuyendetsa nthaka: konzekerani nthaka yowonjezera komanso yopanda chithandizo, osapanda ndale, perekani kutentha kwabwino (+23 ... +25 ° C) ndi kuwala (maola 10 pa tsiku).

Kodi chodzala eggplants pa mbande?

Mbewu yobzala kwa eggplant ya mbande imatsimikiziridwa ndi nyengo ya dera lililonse kuchokera ku chiwerengero kuti kulimbikitsidwa kusuntha mbande kumunda ali ndi zaka 55. Manyowa, kufesa mbewu za mbande zomwe zaphwanyidwa motsutsana ndi lamuloli ndi zovuta komanso zolimbiritsa nthawi yaitali, ndi kuchedwa kumayamba kuphuka ndi kubereka zipatso. Pafupipafupi, nthawi yofesa ntchito ikugwera masiku asanu ndi atatu a February ndi masiku asanu oyambirira a March.

Processing wa biringanya mbewu asanadzalemo pa mbande

Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti kuyesa kubzala mbande sizothandiza pachabe, nkofunika kuti mbeu isabzalidwe musanabzalidwe mbande ya biringanya:

1. Kusankha. Ndikofunika kupatulira mbewu zonse (zamoyo) kuchokera zopanda kanthu. Pochita izi, konzani njira ya mchere (50 magalamu pa theka la chidebe cha madzi) ndi kumiza mbewu mmenemo kwa mphindi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri. Mbeu zonse zomwe zimatulutsidwa pamtunda zimatayidwa, ndipo zotsalira pansi zimatsukidwa ndi zouma kuti zitheke.
2. Disinfection. Zimateteza tizilombo ta tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mafuta a 1% a manganese, 3% ya hydrogen peroxide yankho kapena kukonzekera kwapadera "FitosporinM" ndi yoyenera kuchita. Pambuyo pa ola la ola limodzi kutsuka njira yothetsera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mbewuzo zimatsukidwa ndi madzi ozizira ndi zouma.

Momwe mungabzalitsire eggplants mu mbande molondola?

Kubzala mbewu za aubergine mu mbande ndizosiyana ndi kufesa mbewu zina za masamba - sikokwanira kubzala mu mbande zodzazidwa ndi nthaka yosakaniza. Zidzakhala:

1. Mphamvu. Mzu wa chikhalidwe ichi ndi wachifundo kwambiri ndipo sumalekerera nkhawa zosafunika. Njira yabwino kwambiri yotetezera iyo ndiyo njira yosalima mbewu, yomwe kufesa mbewu za biringanya kwa mbande zimapangidwa mu mapiritsi a peat , matepi kapena makapu.
2. Kusakaniza kwa nthaka. Mabotolo amafunika kukhala omasuka komanso odzaza ndi zakudya. Pachifukwa ichi, nthaka ikuyenera kuyanjana ndi ndale. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito izi: munda wa munda (magawo awiri), peat, mchenga, humus (gawo limodzi) ndi phulusa pang'ono (kuchepetsa acidity).
3. Kutentha kwa boma. Njira yobzala imayamba kutentha pafupifupi 23 ° C. Koma chifukwa cha kukakamiza kwake, kanthawi kochepa (mpaka masiku asanu) kuumitsa kwa mmera mtsogolo m'nyengo yozizira (osati pamwamba + 17 ° C) ikulimbikitsidwa.
4. Kuthirira. Manyowa, kufesa mbewu za mbande zomwe zinapangidwa mu nthaka yosungunuka bwino, sizikusowa masiku 3-5 oyambirira kuthirira madzi. Pamene kuyanika kwa dziko lapansi kuyenera kusakanizidwa mosamala ndi utsi, kuyesa kuti asasambe mbewu.

Eggplant mu nkhono - kubzala mbande

Anthu omwe ali ndi dacha omwe akumana nawo akuyenera kukhala ngati njira yomwe kumera kwa mbeu kumayambira mumphepete ( cochlea ) ya filimu. Mbande mu cochlea amakula motere:

1. Zidutswa zingapo za pepala la chimbudzi zimayikidwa pa filimuyi.
2. Ndi sitepe ya masentimita 2-3, mbeu zimayikidwa ndikuphimbidwa ndi pepala limodzi pamwamba. Mtunda wochokera pamwamba pamunsi pa tepi ukhale 1 ndi 5 masentimita.
3. Mbewu imayambitsidwa ndi madzi ofunda kuchokera ku mfuti yachitsulo.
4. Tepiyo imapangidwa ndi nkhono ndipo imayikidwa mu khola, pamene pamphepete mwayo imakulungidwa kuti apange galasi losaoneka.
5. Pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mphukira, nthitiyi imafalikira, nthaka imafalikira pamwamba pa mphukira, kenako chimango chimabwerera ku chiyambi chake.
6. Mu gawo la masamba awiri masamba amamera pamatumba amodzi.

Kubzala aubergine pa mbande mu mapiritsi a peat

Tetezani mizu kuti isawonongeke panthawi yomwe imayambira. Muzipanga mapiritsi a mapiritsi olemera masentimita 4. Mmodzi kapena zingapo zazing'ono zimaponyedwa mu dzenje pakati pawo, ndipo mapiritsi onse amaikidwa mu chidebe chakuya (makamaka ndi mabowo pansi) mtunda kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake kuteteza mizu. Madzi okwanira ndi okwanira. Mphamvuyi imayikidwa mumadzimadzi opangira maola (pansi pa galasi kapena filimu) ndipo amatumizidwa kumalo otentha kuti amere.

Kodi kusamalira biringanya mbande?

Pambuyo poonekera mu mmera mphamvu ya woyamba kukula, chisamaliro cha chilimwe wokhala chimakula zambiri. Kusamalira mbande ya biringanya pambuyo kumera kumaphatikizapo:

1. Kuthirira. Kufunika kwa chinyezi chopatsa moyo mu aubergines nthawi zambiri kuposa kuposa ena a mamembala a banja la Solanaceae. Izi zimachokera ku masamba akuluakulu komanso njira zowonjezera madzi. Kuwonjezera apo, madzi owonjezera pa mbewuyi ndi ovuta kwambiri kusiyana ndi kusowa kwake. Golide amatanthawuza - kuthirira 1-2 pa sabata ndikuima madzi (+ 25-30 ° C).
2. Kudyetsa. Kuti mumvetsetse kuti mbande imadya chakudya chowonjezera, maonekedwe ake amathandiza: masamba otumbululuka, kukula kochepa, kumayambira. Asanayambe kugwiritsira ntchito thunthu, eggplants akhoza kudyetsedwa kawiri.
3. Kupewa matenda. Imodzi mwa zovuta kwambiri, zomwe zingathe kuwononga landings mu nthawi yayifupi - mwendo wakuda . Pofuna kuteteza kwa iwo, mbewu zimakhala madzi nthawi ndi nthawi ndi mphamvu yochepa ya potaziyamu permanganate ndi mpweya.
4. Kuunikira kwina. Njira yobzala mbande imayamba m'bandakucha. Mankhwalawa amafunika kuunikira maola 10-12 pa tsiku. Onetsani kuti kupanda kuwala kungakhale ndi nyali za fulorosenti yomwe ili pamtunda wa masentimita 20 pamwamba pa mbande.
5. Kuwopsya. Masiku 15-20 asanayambe kukwera pa bedi, mbewu zimayamba kuuma. Choyamba, amachotsedwa ku mpweya wabwino kwa maola angapo patsiku, tsiku lililonse, pang'onopang'ono akuwonjezera nthaŵi yomwe alipo, kenako amasiya usiku wonse.

Chifukwa chiyani mbande ya biringanya imagwa?

Ngakhale kubzala mbande pa mbande kunachitika molingana ndi malamulo, zikhoza kudabwitsa mlimiyo. Nchifukwa chiyani biringanya zikugwa, ndiyenera kuchita chiyani kuti ndipewe vuto? Nthawi zambiri, chifukwa chake chikuphwanya malamulo a chisamaliro:

• kuthirira madzi ozizira;
• kusowa kwauni;
• zowonjezera zowyala;
• mkulu chinyezi;
• kutentha kotsika;
• matenda.

Chakudya chowonjezera cha mbande zokometsera kunyumba

Kudyetsa biringanya mbande ndi chisakanizo cha superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulfate kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi otentha amadziwonetsa bwino. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino la nthaka limathandiza ndi matabwa phulusa, kufalikira pamwamba pake. Kusamalira umoyo wa biringanya ukhoza kukhala phindu la mankhwala a kunyumba: tiyi, tizilombo toyambitsa tizilombo tawotchedwa fumbi. Mukhoza kupanga feteleza kawiri pa nyengo: sabata imodzi musanafike pamgedi ndipo mwamsanga mutangomaliza masamba awiri.

Kujambula biringanya pa mmera

Mizu yambiri ya biringanya imayendetsa bwino kayendetsedwe kake ndi kuvulaza kochepa. Pa kubwezeretsa pambuyo pa kusankha, mmera udzafunika masiku asanu ndi awiri (7), zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa posankha nthawi yofesa mbewu. Pickling wa biringanya mbande kunyumba amachita mu gawo la 1-2 masamba. Kumwaniridwa bwino tsiku lomwe mbande isanatuluke mosamalitsa ku bokosi la mchenga lomwe liri ndi mtolo wa dziko lapansi ndipo amasamutsidwa ku miphika yosiyana. Nthaka yozungulira ikuphatikizidwa, kukulitsa nyemba kwa zinyama, madzi okwanira ndi kuzungulira ndi peat.