Mukamayambitsa zakudya zatsopano pa chakudya cha mwana ndi chimodzi mwa mafunso ovuta omwe amachititsa kutsutsana kwambiri pakati pa akatswiri komanso makamaka amayi aang'ono.
Inde, pali malangizowo ambiri omwe amavomerezedwa, pali njira yowonjezera yodyetsa yoperekedwa ndi WHO (World Health Organization). Pa intaneti, mukhoza kupeza tebulo yowonjezera yomwe ikugwirizana ndi malangizo a WHO. Koma zochitika za amayi zikwi zikwi ndi mamiliyoni zimasonyeza kuti n'zosatheka kutsatira malamulo okhwima pamutu monga kukhazikitsa zakudya zowonjezera, ndi pansipa ndikupereka tebulo limene limapereka, mwinamwake, ufulu waukulu.
Gulu la lactation la ana mpaka chaka chimodzi
Poganizira pa tebulo kapena miyezo ina iliyonse, kumbukirani kuti izi ndi zongopeka, osati chiphunzitso chokhwima. Mwana wanu ndi wapadera, ngati wina aliyense, ndipo pamapeto pake mudzakhala ndi dongosolo lanu lodyetserako chakudya.
Mukasankha kulumikiza zakudya zina za mwana wanu, musamangoganizira za ndondomeko yodyetsa ana ndi miyezi, osayang'ana tsiku ndi tsiku. Werengani izi, yesetsani kukumbukira zochitika zoyambirira zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito, kenaka kambiranani nkhaniyi ndi amayi ena odziwa zambiri, funsani dokotala wa ana. Ndipo, ndithudi, choyamba, tsatirani momwe mwanayo amachitira ndi chakudya chatsopano: kaya amakonda kukoma kwake, kaya ali ndi vutoli, kaya ali wokonzeka kudya ndi supuni, ndi zina zotero.
Zosokonezeka
Sikofunikira kufotokoza kuti ngati mwana wanu ali ndi mankhwala enaake, muyenera kuchotsa nthawi yomweyo.
Kuti azindikire bwinobwino zomwe zimachitika, akatswiri a ana amalimbikitsa kuti atumizire mankhwala atsopano kamodzi, kwa osachepera sabata popanda kuwonjezera zina zatsopano. Ngati mumalowa mankhwala awiri panthawi imodzi, mwachitsanzo, dzungu ndi pichesi, ndiye ngati mukudwala, simungadziwe kuti ndi yani yomwe inachititsa kuti ayambe kuchita.
Pochotseratu zakudya za mwana, mukhoza kuyembekezera miyezi yowerengeka kuti mupereke mwanayo mankhwalawa. Zina mwa mankhwala zimapangitsa kuti anawo azitha kutero pa msinkhu winawake. Kawirikawiri ana "amachoka" pamatendawa, ndipo pakatha miyezi 6, kaloti imapangitsa kupweteka pamasaya, kenaka ndi miyezi khumi ndi 10-11, mwinamwake kuti idzagwiritsidwa bwino kwambiri ndi thupi lachikulire.
Kodi mungayang'ane chiyani mukamasankha zakudya zowonjezera?
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nthawi yowonjezera zakudya zowonjezera mwana aliyense zimadalira pazinthu zambiri. Kusankhidwa kwa zinthu zatsopano, njira yomwe akugwiritsire ntchito komanso nthawi yomwe akuyambitsidwira zakudya zimakhudzidwa, mwachitsanzo, ndi nthawi yowonongeka komanso kupanga luso lakusaka. Mwachitsanzo, mwana mmodzi, ali ndi mano oyambirira osakongola, pa miyezi 7 mpaka 8 akhoza kuyamba kuluma kwa apulo yonse yosungunuka (ndithudi, kuyang'aniridwa ndi makolo, kotero kuti mwanayo asasokonezeke), ndipo mwana wina, ngati akuphulika mwamsanga, ndi chaka akhoza kudya chipatso kokha ngati ma mbatata yosenda.
Kukula kwa kapangidwe ka zakudya kumadzakupatsa nthawi yowonjezeramo mankhwala opangidwa ndi digestible. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala amenewa ndi kanyumba tchizi. Malinga ndi ndondomeko zapadera, ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zoyamba zomwe zinayambika. Komabe, si ana onse omwe amalola zokolola mkaka kuyambira ali aang'ono. Ngati, mutamudziwa mwanayo ndi tchizi kapena karoti, mumayang'anitsitsa mwamsanga mutangodya, muwabwezeretseni ndi mawu awo oyamba, kapena yesani kupereka mwanayo kansalu yotchedwa curd casserole. Chithandizo chamatenthe, monga momwe chimadziŵira, chimapangitsa kuyamwa kwa mankhwala alionse kudzera m'matumbo a m'mimba.
Komanso, nthawi yowonjezeramo zakudya zowonjezera zimadalira ngati mwana wanu akuyamwitsa kapena kupatsidwa bwino. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ndondomeko ya chakudya chophatikizira popereka mkaka, malinga ndi ndondomeko zoyenera, kwa miyezi iwiri imasiyana ndi chakudya chophatikiza chodyetsera anthu (chakudya choyamba chowonjezera, kuyambira 6 ndi miyezi inayi).
Kuyamba kwa zakudya zowonjezera kwa ana osapitirira chaka chimodzi sikophweka, kufunsa makolo kuti azisamalira, kuleza mtima ndi luntha lalikulu. Kumbukirani kuti mavutowa ndi osakhalitsa. Pambuyo pa chaka, mwana wanu adzakhala wodziimira payekha, ayambe kudya mbale "wamkulu", phunzirani kugwirapo supuni, ndi zina zotero. Muyenera kudutsa naye zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa. Musaope, khalani wodalirika komanso woganizira ena, ndipo zonse zidzatha!