Neonatal Screening

Pakadutsa masiku ochepa chabe a moyo, mwana wakhanda akuyembekezera kuyerekezedwa kovomerezeka - Kuwonetseredwa kwachisawawa kwa matenda obadwa nawo, kapena "kuyesedwa kwa chidendene." Njira yofufuzirayi imatithandiza kuti tipeze matenda aakulu omwe nthawi zambiri sasonyeza maonekedwe ena akunja. Pakalipano, izi zikhoza kuchepa kwambiri moyo wa mwanayo mtsogolo ndipo zimafuna kuchita mwamsanga.

Kodi "kuyesa mfumukazi" kumayendetsedwa bwanji?

Kuwonetsetsa kwa mwana payekha, mwanayo amatenga magazi chidendene kwa masiku 3-4 a moyo, mu makanda oyambirira kusanthula kumachitika masiku asanu ndi awiri (7-14) pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa maola atatu mutatha kudya.

Chitsanzo cha zitsanzo za magazi chikuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe apadera a pepala. Pa mawonekedwe amadziwika ndi matenda, omwe amafufuzidwa, mwa mawonekedwe a ang'onoang'ono.

Ndi matenda ati omwe angawonetse kuyang'ana kwa ana obadwa?

Panthawi yoonerera ana obadwa kumene, kukhalapo kwa matenda osachepera asanu akuyenera kuyang'aniridwa. Nthawi zina, chiwerengero chawo chingakhale chachikulu kwambiri. Nazi matenda akulu omwe angathe kuwulula "chiyeso chazitsulo":

1. Matenda a Adrenogenital, kapena matenda osokoneza bongo a adrenal cortex. Matenda aakuluwa angakhalepo nthawi yaitali kuti asadziwonetsere mwa njira iliyonse, komabe pa nthawi ya kutha msinkhu, kukula kwa ziwalo zoberekera kumasokonezeka. Popanda chithandizo, ACS ikhoza kutsogolera kusowa mchere ndi impso, pozunzika kwambiri mkhalidwewu umayambitsa imfa.
2. Galactosemia ndi kusowa kapena kupezeka mu thupi la mapuloteni oyenerera kuti galactose ipangidwe mu shuga. Mwanayo akuwonetsedwa chakudya chamoyo chonse chomwe chimaphatikizapo mkaka ndi zakudya zonse za mkaka zomwe zili ndi galactose.
3. Congenital hypothyroidism ndi matenda aakulu a chithokomiro. Kwa iye, mwanayo sabala mahomoni a chithokomiro okwanira, omwe amachititsa kuchedwa pakukula kwa machitidwe ambiri ndi ziwalo. Popanda chithandizo, matendawa amachititsa munthu kulemala komanso kutaya mtima.
4. Cystic fibrosis ndi chikhalidwe chodziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa immunoreactive trypsin m'magazi. Matendawa angayambitse matenda aakulu a m'mimba komanso kupuma, komanso matenda a endocrine.
5. Mu phenylketonuria , thupi silikhala ndi michere yomwe imayambitsa matenda a amino acid phenylalanine. Pogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mankhwalawa m'magazi a mwana, ziwalo zonse zamkati zimakhudzidwa, kutaya mtima kumayamba, ubongo umafa.

Ana oterewa ndi oletsedwa kuti adye zakudya zilizonse zomwe zili ndi mapuloteni, kuphatikizapo nyama, nsomba, mkaka, ndi zina; chifukwa cha zakudya zawo zamakono zopangidwa ndipadera zopangidwa popanda phenylalanine.

Zotsatira za kuwonetseredwa kwachisawawa, popanda kusokonezeka mwa iwo, sizikufotokozedwa kwa makolo a mwanayo. Komabe, ngati atapezeka ndi matenda alionse, kuyesedwa mobwerezabwereza kumachitidwa mwamsanga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisakhale zolakwika. Mukatsimikizira kuti matendawa ndi otani, ziyenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga, chifukwa matenda onsewa ndi oopsa kwambiri, ndipo mankhwalawa ayenera kuyamba mofulumira.